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Japon — Faits, chiffres et lois sur les armes à feuStocksNombres d'armes à feuArmes civilesNombre d'armes à feu possédées par les civilsTaux de possession d'armes à feu chez les civils pour 100 habitantsNombre de fusils possédés par les civilsNombre de fusils de chasse possédés par les civilsNombre d'armes de poing possédées par les civilsJapon: le nombre d'armes de poing possédées par les civils est de 774 Nombre d'armes à feu possédées par les civils – Classement mondialSelon le classement, fait en 2007, de 178 pays en fonction du nombre d'armes à feu possédées par les civils, le Japon est classé n°645 Taux de possession d'armes à feu chez les civils pour 100 habitants – Classement mondialSelon le classement, fait en 2007, de 178 pays en fonction du taux d'armes à feu possédées par les civils, le Japon est classé n°1642 Pourcentage de ménages possédant des armes à feuPourcentage de ménages possédant des armes de poingNombre de propriétaires d'armes à feu possédant une licenceTaux de propriétaires d'armes à feu possédant licence pour 100 habitantsNombre d'armes à feu enregistréesTaux d'armes à feu enregistrées pour 100 habitantsJapon: le taux d'armes à feu enregistrées pour 100 habitants est de 0,329 Estimation du nombre d'armes à feu illicitesLes armes à feu illicites ne peuvent pas être comptabilisées, mais au Japon on estime qu'il y en a 2017: 201 7791 ImpactsDécès et blessuresNombre total de décès par arme à feuHomicides (tous modes opératoires confondus)GraphiqueJapon: le nombre annuel d'homicides, quel que soit le mode opératoire, est de 2014: 35713 2013: 342 2012: 383 2011: 415 2010: 437 2009: 506 2008: 646 2007: 574 2006: 619 2005: 643 2004: 699 2003: 697 2002: 60916 2001: 645 2000: 637 1999: 674 1998: 716 1997: 677 1996: 616 1995: 677 Taux d'homicides pour 100 000 habitants (tous modes opératoires confondus)GraphiqueJapon: le taux annuel d'homicides pour 100 000 habitants, quel que soit le mode opératoire, est de 2014: 0,0213 2013: 0,03 2012: 0,02 2011: 0,02 2010: 0,04 2009: 0,4 2008: 0,517 16 18 2007: 0,5 2006: 0,5 2005: 0,5 2004: 0,6 2003: 0,6 2002: 0,516 18 2001: 0,5 2000: 0,516 1999: 0,5 1998: 0,6 1997: 0,5 1996: 0,5 1995: 0,5 1994: 0,6219 Victimes d’homicides (tous modes opératoires confondus) - HommesHomicides par arme à feuGraphiqueJapon: le nombre annuel d'homicides par arme à feu est de 2014: 413 2013: 10 2012: 3 2011: 11 2010: 9 2009: 1420 21 2008: 1116 2002: 4722 2001: 56 1997: 3423 1996: 36 1995: 42 Taux d'homicides par arme à feu pour 100 000 habitantsPourcentage d'homicides commis avec une arme à feuVictimes d’homicides par arme à feu - HommesHomicides par arme de poingSuicides (tous modes opératoires confondus)GraphiqueJapon: le nombre annuel de suicides, quel que soit le mode opératoire, est de 2014: 24 41713 2013: 26 063 2012: 26 433 2011: 28 896 2010: 29 554 1997: 23 50226 Taux de suicides pour 100 000 habitants (tous modes opératoires confondus)Victimes de suicides (tous modes opéaratoires confondus) - HommesSuicides par arme à feuDécès accidentels par arme à feuDécès par arme à feu de cause indéterminéeProductionIndustries des armes à feuFabrication des armes légères – Classement mondialAu classement mondial des petits, moyens et grands fabricants d'armes à feu, le Japon est classé dans la catégorie des petits34 fabricants Armes à feu artisanalesJapon: la production artisanale ou la production illicite d'armes à feu est bas35 TransfertsCommerce et trafic des armes à feuExportation des armes à feuImportation des armes à feuContrebande d'armes à feu et de munitionsLes rapports suggèrent que le niveau de contrebande d'armes à feu et de munitions au Japon est négligeable57 Certificats d'utilisateur finalLes formalités douanières au Japon incluent36 des exigences en matière de certification fournissant des détails sur l'utilisateur final et/ou sur l'utilisation finale pour les transferts d'armes à feu et munitions Transparence des transferts d'armes légèresGraphiqueDans son Baromètre annuel sur la transparence en matière de commerce des armes légères (Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer), Small Arms Survey compare la transparence des États à déclarer les exportations d'armes à feu et de munitions, parmi les principales nations exportatrices d'armes légères, sur une échelle de fort à faible (25 à zéro). Ces dernières années, le Japon s'est vu attribuer les scores suivants 2018: 12,0062 2017: 9,2563 2016: 9,2564 2014: 7,0065 2013: 7,5066 2012: 8,5067 2011: 9,0068 2010: 9,0069 2009: 9,5070 2008: 8,5071 2007: 9,0072 2006: 9,0073 2005: 9,7574 2004: 9,5075 MesuresRéglementation sur les armes à feuRéglementation sur les armes à feu – Orientation des politiquesJapon: la réglementation sur les armes à feu est classée comme étant restrictive76 Loi sur les armes à feuJapon: la législation sur le contrôle des armes à feu comprend la loi sur le contrôle des armes à feu et des épées,77 78 50 la loi sur la fabrication de l'artillerie,33 32 la loi sur le contrôle des explosifs79 80 la législation douanière49 81 et la loi sur les opérations de change et le commerce extérieur38 Autorité chargée de la réglementation sur les armes à feuJapon: les armes à feu sont réglementées par la Commission préfectorale de la sécurité publique82 Armes à feu et munitions prohibéesJapon: les civils n'ont pas le droit de posséder d'armes de poing, d'armes de chasse sans autorisation spécifique,86 de fusils militaires, de mitrailleuses, d'armes à feu chargées de poudre à canon, certains types d'armes à air comprimé50 et d'imitations d'armes à feu87 Réglementation sur les armes automatiquesRéglementation sur les armes d'assaut semi-automatiquesRéglementation sur les armes de poingLicence d'armes à feuJapon: seules les personnes titulaires d'une licence d'armes à feu peuvent86 90 91 25 légalement acquérir, posséder ou transférer des armes à feu ou des munitions Motif légitime nécessaire pour l'obtention d'une licence d'armes à feuÂge minimum requis pour la possession d'une arme à feuVérification des antécédents des propriétaires d'armes à feuRéférences requises pour l'obtention d'une licence d'armes à feuJapon: l'avis d'une tierce personne n'est pas requis4 pour garantir la moralité de chaque demandeur d'une licence d'armes à feu Violence domestique et armes à feuLorsqu'il existe des antécédents de violence familiale, ou des risques de violence familiale, la loi du Japon ne stipule pas4 que la licence d'armes à feu doit être refusée ou révoquée Formation en matière de sécurité dans le maniement des armes à feuDurée de validité d'une licence d'armes à feuLimite du nombre d'armes à feuJapon: les propriétaires d'armes à feu titulaires d'une licence en règle ont le droit de posséder tout nombre d'armes à feu93 Limite de la quantité et du type de munitionsJapon: les propriétaires d'armes à feu titulaires d'une licence en règle ont le droit de posséder au maximum toute quantité de munitions85 Enregistrement des armes à feuEnregistrement des armes à feu possédées par les civilsTenue d'un registre par les commerçants d'armes à feuTenue d'un registre par les fabricants d'armes à feuVentes et transferts d'armes à feuRéglementation sur les ventes d'armes à feu entre particuliersJapon: la vente et le transfert d'armes à feu entre particuliers sont prohibés98 Réglementation sur les ventes d'armes à feu par un commerçantJapon: le commerce des armes à feu, à titre professionnel et sans être titulaire d'une licence valide de commerçant d'armes à feu, est illégal98 Période d'attente pour la possession d'une arme à feuJapon: le temps d'attente minimum entre la vente légale de l'arme à feu et sa remise à l'acheteur est indéterminé85 Réglementation sur les expositions d'armes à feuJapon: les expositions d'armes à feu, ainsi que les événements temporaires liés au commerce d'armes à feu, ne sont pas réglementés85 par la loi Stockage et transport des armes à feu et munitionsRéglementation sur le stockage des armes à feu et des munitions – Par les particuliersRéglementation sur le stockage des armes à feu et des munitions – Par les commerçantsJapon: la réglementation sur les armes à feu n'inclut pas85 des dispositions sur le stockage sécuritaire des armes à feu et munitions par les commerçants d'armes à feu Réglementation sur le stockage des armes à feu et des munitions – Par le gouvernementRéglementation sur le transport des armes à feu et munitionsJapon: la réglementation n'inclut pas85 des dispositions sur le stockage sécuritaire des armes à feu et munitions pendant leur transport Marquage et traçage des armes à feu et munitionsMarquage des armes à feuTraçage des armes à feuRegistre des empreintes balistiques des armes à feu et de leurs munitionsJapon: les caractéristiques balistiques de chaque arme à feu civile et de ses munitions ne sont pas85 conservées dans un registre Programmes de collecte, d'amnistie et de destructionMesuresContrôles internationauxAccords régionauxCommission des Nations Unies pour la prévention du crime et la justice pénaleLa CCPCJ, un organe subsidiaire du Conseil économique et social chargé de promouvoir l'action de prévention de la criminalité nationale et transnationale, a élu le Japon113 en tant que membre Déclaration de Genève sur la violence armée et le développementLa Déclaration de Genève sur la violence armée et le développement, initiative diplomatique visant à répondre aux questions d'interrelations entre la violence armée et le développement, a été signée en 2006 par le Japon114 Traité des Nations Unies sur le commerce des armesLe Traité des Nations Unies sur le commerce des armes a été signé et ratifié par le Japon115 Protocole des Nations Unies sur les armes à feuLe Protocole des Nations Unies contre la fabrication et le trafic illicites d'armes à feu, de leurs pièces, éléments et munitions a été signé, mais pas encore ratifié par le Japon116 Programme d'action des Nations Unies sur les armes légères (UNPoA)UNPoA – EngagementLe 21 juillet 2001, le Japon s'est engagé à respecter la décision consensuelle des Nations Unies à adopter, soutenir et mettre en œuvre le Programme d'action de l'ONU en vue de prévenir, combattre et éliminer le commerce illicite des armes légères sous tous ses aspects117 UNPoA – Score attribué dans le cadre du suivi de la mise en œuvre du programme d'actionUNPoA – Rapports nationauxUNPoA – Point de contact nationalUNPoA – Organe national de coordinationUNPoA – Participation et appui des acteurs de la société civileRegistre des Nations Unies des armes légèresSelon le registre des Nations Unies des armes classiques, le Japon a déclaré126 ses exportations d'armes légères dans un ou plusieurs rapports nationaux annuels sur les exportations d'armes Membre des Nations UniesSelon la liste officielle des états membre de l'ONU, le Japon est un état membre depuis 1956127 Arrangement de WassenaarLe Japon fait partie128 des États participants à l'Arrangement de Wassenaar sur le contrôle des exportations d'armes classiques et de biens et technologies à double usage ContexteProfil du paysProfil des conflitsPour obtenir un profil des conflits en/au/aux/à Japon, veuillez cliquer sur l'icône «Lien» pour ouvrir une page Web accessible à partir de l'extranet du site du Programme de Données sur le Conflit de l'Université d'Uppsala (UCDP) Indice mondial de la paixPour voir le classement du Japon, veuillez cliquer sur l'icône «Lien» pour ouvrir une page Web accessible à partir de l'extranet du site de l'indice mondial de paix (Global Peace Index, GPI) |
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