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Uruguay — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

ChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Uruguay is

2017: 1,198,0001
2012: 1,100,0002 3 4 5

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

ChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Uruguay is

2017: 34.701
2012: 32.62 5

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Uruguay ranked at No. 466

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Uruguay ranked at No. 95

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Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

ChartThe number of licensed gun owners in Uruguay is reported to be

2010: 1,1867
2009: 4,727
2008: 4,435

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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

ChartThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Uruguay is

2010: 0.048
2009: 0.14
2008: 0.13

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Number of Registered Firearms

ChartThe number of registered guns in Uruguay is reported to be

2017: 605,3131
2015: 604,6329
2014: 580,00010
2010: 450,00011 12
2005: 593,02313 4 14

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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

ChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Uruguay is

2015: 18.098
2014: 17.40
2010: 13.3511
2005: 18.168

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Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms

ChartUnlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Uruguay there are estimated to be

2017: 592,6871
2009: 500,0004 13

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Estimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 Population

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Uruguay the rate of illicit firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 15.318

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Uruguay are reported to have 62,13015 firearms

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Uruguay are reported to have 30,00016 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2014: 34217
2013: 342
2012: 378
2010: 31318
2009: 30919
2000: 44520 21

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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2014: 10.2617
2013: 10.29
2012: 11.40
2010: 9.48
2009: 9.388
2000: 13.82

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Total Number of Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total

2014: 29417
2013: 297
2012: 327
2010: 272

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Total Number of Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total

2014: 4817
2013: 45
2012: 51
2010: 41

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual homicides by any means total

2015: 28922
2014: 22217
2013: 219
2012: 223
2011: 19923 24 20 25
2010: 180
2009: 226
2008: 221
2007: 194
2006: 203
2005: 188
2004: 194
2003: 197
2002: 231
2001: 218
2000: 214
1999: 13626
1998: 122

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2015: 8.4222
2014: 10.2617
2013: 10.29
2012: 11.40
2011: 5.88
2010: 9.48
2009: 6.7623 24 20 25 27
2008: 6.63
2007: 5.84
2006: 6.13
2005: 5.69
2004: 5.88
2003: 5.96
2002: 6.98
2001: 6.59
2000: 6.48
1999: 4.1126 20
1998: 3.71
1997: 4.720
1996: 4.4
1995: 4.7

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Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male homicides by any means total

2015: 23928
2014: 18517
2013: 177
2012: 193
2011: 158
2010: 146

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Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female homicides by any means total

2015: 5028
2014: 3617
2013: 42
2012: 30
2011: 40.99
2010: 34

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Uruguay, annual firearm homicides total

2014: 13917
2013: 126
2012: 131
2011: 9722
2010: 8518
2009: 8719
2006: 4714
2005: 10729
2004: 9320 29 30
2003: 87
2002: 10920 29 31
2001: 182
2000: 8420 29 26
1999: 8726
1998: 75

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2014: 4.1717
2013: 3.79
2012: 3.95
2011: 2.96
2010: 2.57
2009: 2.648 27
2008: 3.3627
2007: 2.96
2006: 3.11
2005: 3.229 27
2004: 2.820 29 27
2003: 2.6
2002: 3.3
2001: 5.5
2000: 2.5
1999: 2.6326
1998: 2.28

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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

ChartIn Uruguay, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2013: 61%23
2012: 60%
2011: 49%23 24
2009: 51%19
2004: 46.5%20
2003: 44.2%
2002: 47.2%
2001: 83.5%
2000: 39.3%

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Male Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male firearm homicides total

2015: 12417
2014: 124
2013: 115
2012: 122
2010: 78

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Female Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female firearm homicides total

2015: 1517
2014: 15
2013: 11
2012: 9
2010: 7

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Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual suicides by any means total

2014: 60117
2013: 555
2012: 604
2010: 550
2009: 54832 33
2008: 608
2007: 598
2006: 553
2005: 491
2004: 522
2003: 647
2002: 673
2001: 550
2000: 586
1990: 31821

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2014: 18.0317
2013: 16.69
2012: 18.21
2010: 16.66
2009: 16.432 8
2008: 18.2
2007: 18.0
2006: 16.7
2005: 14.9
2004: 15.8
2003: 19.6
2002: 20.3
2001: 16.6
2000: 17.8
1990: 9.3121

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Male Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male suicides by any means total

2014: 46617
2013: 431
2012: 481
2010: 424

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Female Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female suicides by any means total

2014: 13517
2013: 124
2012: 123
2010: 126

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Gun Suicides

ChartIn Uruguay, annual firearm suicides total

2014: 12417
2013: 125
2012: 158
2010: 14318
2009: 15419
2000: 24021

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2014: 3.7217
2013: 3.76
2012: 4.76
2010: 4.33
2009: 4.6834
2000: 7.0321

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Male Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male firearm suicides total

2014: 9917
2013: 102
2012: 127
2010: 118

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Female Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female firearm suicides total

2014: 2517
2013: 23
2012: 31
2010: 25

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2014: 7417
2013: 90
2012: 89
2010: 8418
2009: 6619
2000: 11821

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.1517
2013: 0.03
2012: 0
2010: 0.03
2009: 2.00
2000: 3.4621

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Unintentional Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total

2014: 6717
2013: 79
2012: 78
2010: 75

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Unintentional Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total

2014: 717
2013: 11
2012: 11
2010: 9

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Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Uruguay, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 517
2013: 1
2012: 0
2010: 118
2009: 219
2000: 321

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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2010: 0.038
2009: 0.06
2000: 0.09

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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Uruguay, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 417
2013: 1
2012: 0
2010: 1

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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Uruguay, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 117
2013: 0
2012: 0
2010: 0

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Uruguay, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence,35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 but is not conducted in practice43 44

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Firearm Exports

In Uruguay, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law45 46 47 48 49 50 51

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Uruguay is reported by Customs to be US$46,10652 (2010)

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Firearm Imports

In Uruguay, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law53 54 55 45 46 47 42 56 49 57 50 51

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Uruguay is reported by Customs to be US$2,359,22952 (2011)

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Uruguay, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law58 51

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Uruguay include39 48 55 59 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Uruguay is categorised as restrictive60

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Uruguay includes the Decree-Law No. 10415 of 1943,41 Decree No. 2605/943,56 Decree No. 365/969,61 Decree No. 652/970,62 and several other laws

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Uruguay are regulated by the Ministry of National Defence36 and the Material and Weapons Service63 64 37

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Uruguay, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law65 66

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Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Uruguay, civilians are not allowed to possess firearms intended for the exclusive use of the military, navy, air force and police,67 68 69 such as all long guns for centre-fire cartridges and bullets with a calibre superior to 6.5 mm, automatic pistols of any brand or class whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm and semi-automatic pistols of any brand or class whose calibre is above 9 mm,56 and incendiary, explosive ammunition or dum-dum bullets70 64

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Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Uruguay, private possession of fully automatic weapons is permitted under licence, except automatic pistols whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm64 56

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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Uruguay, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence, except semi-automatic pistols whose calibre is above 9 mm64 56

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Regulation of Handguns

In Uruguay, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence, except automatic pistols whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm and semi-automatic pistols whose calibre is above 9 mm64 56

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Law Regulates Long Guns

In Uruguay, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law64 56

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Uruguay, only licensed gun owners71 72 73 64 74 75 76 77 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Uruguay is 18 years78 79

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Uruguay must pass a background check which considers criminal,62 health75 and mental health10 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Uruguay, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required80

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Partner to be Advised or Interviewed

In Uruguay, licensing authorities are not required80 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Uruguay stipulates81 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Uruguay, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required75 10 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Uruguay, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every five years for the Competency Certificate for the Acquisition and Possession of Firearms,82 every ten years for the firearm possession certificate,83 and each year for the Permit to Carry Firearms84

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Licensing Records

In Uruguay, authorities maintain a record63 85 77 74 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Uruguay are permitted to possess any number of firearms80

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Uruguay are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition80

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Uruguay, the law requires63 85 74 86 87 50 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Uruguay, licensed firearm dealers are required88 89 90 91 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Uruguay, licensed gun makers are required42 40 43 44 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Uruguay, State agencies are required68 92 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Uruguay, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited unless registered in the National Firearm Register86 and conducted by the Material and Weapons Service87 93

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Uruguay, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful90 94 95 77 96 87 42 91 78 79 61

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Background Checks for Private Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Uruguay is obliged62 75 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Background Checks for Dealer Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Uruguay is obliged62 75 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Uruguay, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined80

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Uruguay, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated80 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Uruguay include77 97 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Uruguay include98 96 77 40 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Uruguay include68 99 100 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Uruguay include96 101 90 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Marking

In Uruguay, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law102 103 104 105 106 107 43 57 108

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Firearm Tracing

In Uruguay, state authorities carry out109 104 110 50 111 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Uruguay, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not80 recorded in a register

Carrying Guns

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Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law112 84 113 101 114

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited101

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is prohibited101

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Gun Free Zones

In Uruguay, private guns are prohibited in electoral events, meetings, protests, indoor or outdoor games or entertainment events, cabaret, nightclubs, wineries, public dances, or where special provisions prohibit it114 69

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Uruguay, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm115 is six years in prison116 117 118 10 73 119 120 121 122 72

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Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in Uruguay are known to have13 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

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Firearms Surrendered and Seized

ChartIn Uruguay, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2015: 200123
2013: 2,640124

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Small Arms Destroyed

ChartIn Uruguay, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be

2015: 3,000125
2009: 2,352126 127
2008: 9,766126
2007: 7,857126 14
2006: 2,103126 13 14
2005: 1,512126 13
2004: 2,564
2003: 3,203
2002: 1,611
2001: 1,346
2000: 1,837
1999: 2,930
1998: 2,592

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Uruguay, it is state policy128 129 127 130 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

Organization of American States

On 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Uruguay adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified131 132 by Uruguay

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed133 by Uruguay.

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Arms Trade Treaty

The Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified134 by Uruguay

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified135 by Uruguay

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Uruguay committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects136

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UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Uruguay against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 71137 138 139 140 among 159 Member States

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Uruguay has submitted one or more national reports141 111 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Uruguay, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated142 111

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UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Uruguay, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated111

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Uruguay submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent111

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated111 by Uruguay to other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Uruguay has not declared143 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Uruguay has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945144

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list145 Uruguay as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in Uruguay, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Uruguay ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2012.‘Estimated Civilian Gun Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8972)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Uruguay.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5315)Full Citation

4.

Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Estimated Total Small Arms, Firearms, and Surpluses in Uruguay, Rounded.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5316)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

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Fernandez, Gustavo.2010.‘Licences to Possess and to Carry (Licencias para Tenencia y Portación).’ Plurinational Meeting: Transfer and Illicit trafficking in Firearms: Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile.New York, NY:Fundación Arias para la Paz y el Progreso Humano (ARIAS) y el Centro de Estudios Judiciales,4 October. (Q11400)Full Citation

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GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Calculated Rates - Uruguay.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,23 May. (Q4294)Full Citation

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La Prensa (USA), EFE News Agency. 2015. ‘75 Pct. of Guns Used in Crime in Uruguay Are Legal.’ 12 October. (N390) Full Citation

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Diario UNO de Entre Rios (Argentina). 2014. ‘Uno De Cada Seis Uruguayos Tiene Un Arma En Su Casa.’ 11 March. (N322) Full Citation

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OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Legally Registered Civilian Firearms.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9208)Full Citation

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OAS Observatory on Citizen Security.2011.‘Civilian Firearms Legally Registered.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5679)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Uruguay.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5317)Full Citation

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Guidobono, Gustavo, Martín Fernández and Luis Pedernera.2010.‘Uruguay Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Uruguay).’ Uruguay Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Uruguay).Lima:Coalición Latinoamericana para la Prevención de la Violencia Armada (CLAVE),4 July. (Q11903)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Military Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Military-Owned Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13436)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation

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WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation

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Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Number and Rate of Gun Deaths in 90 Countries (Número e taxas de mortalidade por AF segundo causa básica em 90 países do mundo).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11896)Full Citation

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Fleitas, Diego Manuel, Germán Lodola and Hernán Flom.2014.‘Country Profiles on Crime and Violence: Uruguay.’ Crime and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Regional Country Profiles.Buenos Aires:Asociación para Políticas Públicas (APP) and Action on Armed Violence,1 January. (Q11457)Full Citation

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UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Uruguay.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6328)Full Citation

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Jackson, Thomas.2005.‘Global Gun Deaths.’ NISAT Firearm Mortality Database 2005.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 January. (Q12)Full Citation

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UNODC.2017.‘Intentional Homicide Victims.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,19 May. (Q13355)Full Citation

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Igarapé Institute.2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Uruguay.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11127)Full Citation

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UNODC.2014.‘Homicides and Gun Homicides in Uruguay.’ Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),10 April. (Q10246)Full Citation

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OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide 2000-2011.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9209)Full Citation

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UNODC.2004.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998-2000).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,19 March. (Q91)Full Citation

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OAS Observatory on Citizen Security.2011.‘Intentional Homicide.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5678)Full Citation

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UNODC.2017.‘Intentional Homicide Victims by Sex.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:UNODC,19 May. (Q13356)Full Citation

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OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide Committed by Firearms 2000-2010.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9210)Full Citation

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UNODC.2006.‘Reported Overall Homicide Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population for 64 Countries, 2003-04.’ Ninth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2003 - 2004).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,10 December. (Q9)Full Citation

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