South Africa — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Number of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in South Africa is between 6.62 and 12.885 Number of Privately Owned RiflesIn South Africa, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 948,9576 (registered only) Number of Privately Owned ShotgunsIn South Africa, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 304,3936 (registered only) Number of Privately Owned HandgunsIn South Africa, the number of handguns in civilian possession is reported to be 1,851,4496 (registered only) Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 206 countries, South Africa ranked at No. 207 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a comparison of the rate of privately owned guns in 206 countries, South Africa ranked at No.787 Proportion of Households with FirearmsNumber of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationNumber of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,16 but in South Africa there are estimated to be 2017: 2,351,000 17 2015: 643,48618 2 2014: 624,98018 6 2011: 580,00018 9 2005: 500,0003 to 4,000,0004 2004: 747,53518 12 2003: 747,13518 13 14 2001: 733,45818 8 1999: 710,86718 15 13 14 1996: 700,71518 12 1994: 700,00018 9 Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationGovernment GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Number of Military FirearmsRoutine Arming of PoliceIn South Africa, police officers on routine patrol carry one or more firearms21 ImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2015: 5,62225 2014: 4,978 2013: 4,357 2012: 4,295 2011: 3,793 2010: 4,217 2009: 4,806 2008: 5,642 2007: 5,521 2006: 6,126 2005: 5,936 2004: 6,905 2003: 8,602 2002: 9,232 2001: 9,346 2000: 9,500 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual homicides by any means total 2020: 19,84626 2019: 21,325 2018: 21,036 2017: 20,336 2016: 19,016 2015: 18,673 2014: 17,805 2013: 17,023 2012: 16,213 2011: 15,554 2010: 15,893 2009: 16,767 2008: 18,084 2007: 18,400 2006: 19,202 2005: 18,528 2004: 18,793 2003: 19,824 2002: 21,553 2001: 21,405 2000: 21,75827 28 29 30 1999: 22,60428 30 31 1998: 25,12728 30 1997: 24,486 1996: 25,470 1995: 26,877 1994: 26,83232 30 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn South Africa, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 37.9633 34 2017: 37.0835 2016: 35.02 2015: 34.86 2014: 33.69 2013: 32.55 2012: 31.32 2011: 30.34 2010: 31.18 2009: 33.22 2008: 36.35 2007: 37.44 2006: 39.3 2005: 38.4 2004: 39.5 2003: 42.3 2002: 46.727 28 36 2001: 47.0 2000: 48.527 28 37 36 1999: 51.228 36 1998: 57.7 1997: 57.1 1996: 60.4 1995: 64.9 1994: 66.938 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual firearm homicides total 2019: 7,35140 2018: 7,15641 2017: 6,55135 2009: 5,51342 2008: 5,237 2006: 9,06328 2005: 8,597 2004: 9,021 2003: 9,714 2002: 10,130 2001: 10,274 2000: 10,72728 29 43 30 1999: 11,21228 43 30 44 1998: 12,41328 43 30 1997: 11,166 1996: 11,258 1995: 11,15428 30 1994: 11,13432 30 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleSuicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual suicides by any means total 2016: 6,47648 2015: 6,505 2010: 6,278 2009: 6,47142 2008: 6,86849 2007: 6,593 2005: 5,741 2004: 6,155 2003: 6,125 2002: 5,896 2000: 5,30048 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Suicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Suicide VictimsUnintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2015: 5,50025 50 2014: 4,833 2013: 4,230 2012: 4,190 2011: 3,710 2010: 4,152 2009: 4,737 2008: 5,539 2007: 4,903 2006: 380 2005: 1,049 2004: 524 2003: 431 2001: 1,691 2000: 699 1999: 951 52 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Female Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleGun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn South Africa, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2015: 325 2014: 925 2013: 3 2012: 9 2011: 6 2010: 453 2009: 5 2008: 41 2007: 458 1999: 4854 52 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleIn South Africa, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 2011: 025 Female Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesRate of Female Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleIn South Africa, the annual rate of female legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 2011: 025 ProductionGun IndustrySmall Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, South Africa was ranked 'medium'62 TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsIn South Africa, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 Firearm Exports (Number)Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsSmall Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, South Africa was categorized as 'mid-level'76 Firearm ImportsTransparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, South Africa scored 2020: 13.25 2019: 12.7590 2018: 11.5091 2016: 11.2592 2014: 3.5093 2013: 2.0094 2012: 2.0095 2011: 2.0096 2010: 2.0097 2009: 2.0098 2008: 2.0099 2007: 2.00100 2006: 2.25101 2005: 4.00102 2004: 3.50103 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in South Africa is categorised as restrictive104 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionGun Ownership and PossessionIn South Africa, only licensed gun owners112 115 116 47 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn South Africa, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are required127 Domestic Violence and FirearmsFirearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodIn South Africa, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every two to ten years130 Licensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in South Africa are permitted to possess 1 firearm per firearm licence136 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingGun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesNumber of Licensed Gun DealersWaiting Period for Gun PossessionIn South Africa, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is 4 months for civilian competency certificates and 30 days for individual security officer certificates152 Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsAfrican UnionSouthern African Development CommunityAs a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), South Africa signed the SADC Declaration Concerning Firearms, Ammunition and Other Related Materials in March 2001. This laid the ground for the August, 2001 adoption of the legally binding SADC Protocol on Control of Firearms, Ammunition and Other Related Materials173 Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006174 by South Africa. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified175 by South Africa United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified176 by South Africa United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, South Africa committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects177 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactIn South Africa, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated183 UNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of South Africa submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent184 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated183 by South Africa to other UN Member States UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided183 to South Africa by other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, South Africa has not declared185 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, South Africa has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945186 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists187 South Africa as a Participating State BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileAbout SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.
SDG 16,188 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).
In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing. Homicides (any method)ChartIn South Africa, annual homicides by any means total 2020: 19,84626 2019: 21,325 2018: 21,036 2017: 20,336 2016: 19,016 2015: 18,673 2014: 17,805 2013: 17,023 2012: 16,213 2011: 15,554 2010: 15,893 2009: 16,767 2008: 18,084 2007: 18,400 2006: 19,202 2005: 18,528 2004: 18,793 2003: 19,824 2002: 21,553 2001: 21,405 2000: 21,75827 28 29 30 1999: 22,60428 30 31 1998: 25,12728 30 1997: 24,486 1996: 25,470 1995: 26,877 1994: 26,83232 30 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn South Africa, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 37.9633 34 2017: 37.0835 2016: 35.02 2015: 34.86 2014: 33.69 2013: 32.55 2012: 31.32 2011: 30.34 2010: 31.18 2009: 33.22 2008: 36.35 2007: 37.44 2006: 39.3 2005: 38.4 2004: 39.5 2003: 42.3 2002: 46.727 28 36 2001: 47.0 2000: 48.527 28 37 36 1999: 51.228 36 1998: 57.7 1997: 57.1 1996: 60.4 1995: 64.9 1994: 66.938 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn South Africa, annual firearm homicides total 2019: 7,35140 2018: 7,15641 2017: 6,55135 2009: 5,51342 2008: 5,237 2006: 9,06328 2005: 8,597 2004: 9,021 2003: 9,714 2002: 10,130 2001: 10,274 2000: 10,72728 29 43 30 1999: 11,21228 43 30 44 1998: 12,41328 43 30 1997: 11,166 1996: 11,258 1995: 11,15428 30 1994: 11,13432 30 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleConflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in South Africa, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University DisarmamentAuthorities in South Africa are known to have189 190 191 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Surrendered in Gun AmnestyChartIn South Africa, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 2020: 46,714192 2017: 15,148193 2016: 3,857 2015: 5,042194 2014: 4,332 2013: 4,936195 2012: 4,876 2011: 20,404196 2010: 42,329189 197 2009: 14,260196 2008: 11,479 2007: 18,817 2005: 62,404190 197 1994: 900197 Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn South Africa, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 2019: 7,593198 2018: 19,061 2017: 17,479193 2016: 8,465 2015: 5,341199 2014: 10,113 2013: 20,145200 2012: 25,615 2011: 19,327201 2010: 21,268202 2009: 17,824203 2008: 17,157204 2007: 13,120205 2006: 14,735190 206 2005: 23,813205 2004: 30,208205 206 2003: 21,607 2002: 19,756205 2001: 15,421 1999: 14,272 1998: 20,702207 205 1997: 14,970 1996: 18,154 1995: 16,290 1994: 14,789 Small Arms DestroyedChartIn South Africa, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 2021: 25,000208 2019: 50,000+209 210 2017: 12,418193 2016: 14,382 2015: 9,477194 2014: 42,729194 211 212 2013: 56,051213 2012: 119,810214 2011: 46,527215 2010: 167,240216 2009: 111,491217 2008: 64,408218 2007: 74,592219 2006: 161,049 2005: 88,114 2004: 79,657 2003: 72,158 2002: 26,768 2001: 16,223219 191 2000: 12,416219 1999: 115,711220 1998/2001: 262,667 Marking and TracingFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingBallistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn South Africa, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not originally232 recorded in a register Global Peace IndexTo see where South Africa ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on South Africa on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page |
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