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South Africa — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned RiflesNumber of Privately Owned ShotgunsNumber of Privately Owned HandgunsNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, South Africa ranked at No. 1710 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, South Africa ranked at No. 505 Proportion of Households with FirearmsNumber of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationNumber of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Illicit FirearmsEstimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in South Africa the rate of illicit firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 1.13 to 8.326 Government GunsNumber of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of South Africa are reported to have 350,63616 firearms Routine Arming of PoliceIn South Africa, police officers on routine patrol carry one or more firearms17 Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in South Africa are reported to have 250,48118 firearms ImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn South Africa, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 19,18325 2015: 18,67326 2014: 5,31419 2013: 5,019 2012: 4,928 2011: 4,989 2010: 5,059 2009: 16,834 2008: 18,148 2007: 18,487 2006: 19,202 2005: 18,528 2004: 18,793 2003: 19,824 2002: 21,553 2001: 21,405 2000: 21,75827 28 23 29 1999: 22,60428 29 24 1998: 25,12728 29 1997: 24,486 1996: 25,470 1995: 26,877 1994: 26,83230 29 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn South Africa, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 36.3725 2015: 34.2726 2014: 9.3919 2013: 8.31 2012: 8.27 2011: 7.37 2010: 8.25 2009: 33.127 28 31 32 2008: 36.127 28 31 33 2007: 37.3 2006: 39.3 2005: 38.4 2004: 39.5 2003: 42.3 2002: 46.727 28 33 2001: 47.0 2000: 48.527 28 32 33 1999: 51.228 33 1998: 57.7 1997: 57.1 1996: 60.4 1995: 64.9 1994: 66.934 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn South Africa, annual firearm homicides total 2014: 10019 2013: 88 2012: 68 2011: 44 2010: 34 2007: 6,10127 28 2006: 9,06328 2005: 8,597 2004: 9,021 2003: 9,714 2002: 10,130 2001: 10,274 2000: 10,72728 23 35 29 1999: 11,21228 35 29 36 1998: 12,41328 35 29 1997: 11,166 1996: 11,258 1995: 11,15428 29 1994: 11,13430 29 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn South Africa, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 2014: 0.1919 2013: 0.17 2012: 0.13 2011: 0.09 2010: 0.07 2007: 12.366 28 37 2006: 18.828 38 37 2005: 18.028 37 2004: 19.1 2003: 20.8 2002: 22.028 2001: 22.6 2000: 24.0 1999: 25.4 1998: 28.5 1997: 26.0 1996: 26.7 1995: 26.9 1994: 28.8030 Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsHandgun HomicidesLong Gun HomicidesGun Homicides (Other)Suicides (any method)Gun SuicidesUnintentional Gun DeathsProductionGun IndustrySmall Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, South Africa was ranked 'medium'50 TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsIn South Africa, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from South Africa is reported by Customs to be US$20,034,75859 (2011) Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, South Africa was categorized as 'mid-level'60 Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, South Africa scored 2018: 11.5073 2016: 11.2574 2014: 3.5075 2013: 2.0076 2012: 2.0077 2011: 2.0078 2010: 2.0079 2009: 2.0080 2008: 2.0081 2007: 2.0082 2006: 2.2583 2005: 4.0084 2004: 3.5085 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in South Africa is categorised as restrictive86 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionGun Ownership and PossessionIn South Africa, only licensed gun owners94 97 98 39 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn South Africa, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are required109 Domestic Violence and FirearmsFirearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodIn South Africa, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every two to ten years112 Licensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in South Africa are permitted to possess 1 firearm per firearm licence118 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingGun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesNumber of Licensed Gun DealersWaiting Period for Gun PossessionIn South Africa, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is 4 months for civilian competency certificates and 30 days for individual security officer certificates134 Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentMarking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingBallistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn South Africa, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not154 recorded in a register Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in South Africa are known to have160 161 162 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Surrendered in Gun AmnestyFirearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn South Africa, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 2013: 20,145165 2012: 25,615 2011: 19,327166 2010: 21,268167 2009: 17,824168 2008: 17,157169 2007: 13,120170 2006: 182,315161 171 2005: 23,813170 2004: 30,208170 171 2003: 21,607 2002: 19,756170 2001: 15,421 1999: 14,272 1998: 20,702172 170 1997: 14,970 1996: 18,154 1995: 16,290 1994: 14,789 Small Arms DestroyedChartIn South Africa, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 2014: 36,750173 174 2013: 56,051175 2012: 119,810176 2011: 46,527177 2010: 167,240178 2009/14: 306,111174 2009: 111,491179 2008: 64,408180 2007: 74,592181 2006: 161,049 2005: 88,114 2004: 79,657 2003: 72,158 2002: 26,768 2001: 16,223181 162 2000: 12,416181 1999: 115,711182 1998/2001: 262,667 MeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsAfrican UnionSouthern African Development CommunityAs a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), South Africa signed the SADC Declaration Concerning Firearms, Ammunition and Other Related Materials in March 2001. This laid the ground for the August, 2001 adoption of the legally binding SADC Protocol on Control of Firearms, Ammunition and Other Related Materials189 Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006190 by South Africa. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified191 by South Africa United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified192 by South Africa United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, South Africa committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects193 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of South Africa submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent200 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated199 by South Africa to other UN Member States UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided199 to South Africa by other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, South Africa has not declared201 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, South Africa has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945202 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists203 South Africa as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in South Africa, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where South Africa ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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