Regions Europe Northern Europe United Kingdom Scotland

Scotland — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

For combined British figures and legislation, see 'United Kingdom'

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Scotland is 

2017: 305,0001
2007: 280,0002
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Scotland is 

2017: 5.61
2007: 5.52
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Number of Privately Owned RiflesIn Scotland, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 

2012: 72,0053
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Number of Privately Owned ShotgunsIn Scotland, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 

2012: 141,5694
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Number of Privately Owned HandgunsThere are reportedly 

2012: 5665 'handguns' in civilian possession in Scotland (see citation)
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Scotland ranked at No. 1056
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Scotland ranked at No. 932
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Proportion of Households with FirearmsChartIn Scotland, the percentage of households with one or more guns is reported to be 

2005: 6.7%7
1999/2003: 3.1%
1995/98: 4.2%
1989: 5.1%
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Proportion of Households with HandgunsChartIn Scotland, the percentage of households with one or more handguns is reported to be 

2005: 0.7%7
1999/2003: 0.1%
1995/98: 0.4%
1989: 0.4%
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Scotland is reported to be 

2012: 73,8703 4
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Scotland is 

2012: 1.398
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Scotland is reported to be 

2017: 187,0001
2013: 213,5743 4
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Scotland is 

2017: 3.458
2013: 4.02
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,9 but in Scotland there are estimated to be 

2017: 118,0001
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,9 but in Scotland the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 

2017: 2.188
Government GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Routine Arming of PoliceIn Scotland, police officers on routine patrol do not carry a firearm10 11
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Scotland are reported to have 2,00012 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

1113
11
1414
1315
1916
1117
1418
1319
2120
1921
1822
1223
1624
1325
2026
2527
3228
2029
4130 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.2113
0.21
0.26
0.25
0.36
0.21
0.27
0.25
0.41
0.37
0.35
0.24
0.32
0.26
0.40
0.49
0.63
0.39
0.81
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Scotland, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

1113
11
14
10
17
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Scotland, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

013
0
0
3
2
Compare
Homicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual homicides by any means total 

5213
58
63
72
82
9931 32 33
115
120
95
137
109
125
11332 33
107
123
12834 33
100
95
135
137 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.2113
0.21
0.26
0.25
0.36
1.9
2.2
2.3
1.9
2.7
2.2
2.5
2.232 33
2.1
2.4
2.434 33
1.9
1.8
2.6
2.6
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual male homicides by any means total 

3613
49
52
59
59
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual female homicides by any means total 

1613
9
11
13
23
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Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual firearm homicides total 

135
1
013
2
1
5
2
117 36
118 36
419 36
1020 36
721 36
622 36
223 36
324 36
525 37
426 37
727 37
828
529
2630 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

035
0
013
0.04
0.04
0.06
0
0.0217
0.0218
0.0819
0.2020
0.1421
0.1222
0.0423
0.0624
0.1025
0.0826
0.1427
0.1628
0.1029
0.5130
0.1938
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual male firearm homicides total 

013
0
2
1
4
2
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1035
0
0.10
0.10
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual female firearm homicides total 

013
0
0
0
1
0
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

035
0
0
0
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Handgun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual handgun homicides total 

239
240
041
142
143
144
345
146
047
048
149
150
051
152
553 
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Rate of Handgun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of handgun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.048
0.04
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.10
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Long Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual long gun homicides total 

239
040
141
042
219 43
220 44
221 45
322 46
123 47
224 48
049
150
451
352
153 
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Rate of Long Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of long gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.048
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.0419
0.0420
0.0421
0.0622
0.0223
0.0424
0.008
0.02
0.08
0.06
0.02
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Gun Homicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual gun homicides (other) total 

315 39
316 40
117 41
118 42
219 43
820 44
521 45
322 46
123 47
124 48
525 49
426 50
051
052
053 
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Rate of Gun Homicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of gun homicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0615
0.0616
0.0217
0.0218
0.0419
0.1620
0.1021
0.0622
0.0223
0.0224
0.1025
0.0826
0.008
0.00
0.00
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Suicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual suicides by any means total 

54913
600
569
52754
568
568
569
517
542
547
606
560
636
609
648
637
649
599
597
623
624
615
569
525
535 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

10.2713
11.26
10.71
9.94
10.79
10.94
11.01
10.05
10.59
10.74
11.93
11.07
12.58
12.03
12.80
12.56
12.78
11.78
11.72
12.21
12.238 55
12.088
11.19
10.33
10.53
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual male suicides by any means total 

39813
479
426
393
424
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual female suicides by any means total 

15113
121
143
134
144
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Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual firearm suicides total 

1013
6
1014
615 56
1316 56
1017 56
1318 56
619 56
920 56
1121 56
922 56
723 56
1024 56
725 56
1426 56
1427 56
1728 56
1029 56
1130 56
3456
19
29
18
20
20 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1913
0.11
0.19
0.11
0.25
0.1917
0.2518
0.1219
0.1820
0.2221
0.1822
0.1423
0.2024
0.1425
0.2826
0.2827
0.3328
0.2029
0.2230
0.678
0.378 57
0.578
0.35
0.39
0.39
Compare
Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual male firearm suicides total 

1013
6
10
5
12
Compare
Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual female firearm suicides total 

013
0
0
1
1
Compare
Handgun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual handgun suicides total 

116
125 
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Rate of Handgun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of handgun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0216
0.0225
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Long Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, the number of long gun suicides is 

515
616
817
718
319
620
721
422
523
624
525
826 
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Rate of Long Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of long gun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1015
0.1116
0.1517
0.1418
0.0619
0.1220
0.1421
0.0822
0.1023
0.1224
0.1025
0.1626
Compare
Gun Suicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual gun suicides (other) total 

115
616
217
618
319
320
421
522
223
424
125
626 
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Rate of Gun Suicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of gun suicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0215
0.1116
0.0417
0.1218
0.0619
0.0620
0.0821
0.1022
0.0423
0.0824
0.0225
0.1226
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Unintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

113
2
0
115
0
119
120
122
124
058 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0213
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.0219
0.0220
0.0222
0.0224
0.0058
0.0259
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Scotland, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

113
2
0
0
0
Compare
Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Scotland, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

013
0
0
1
0
Compare
Unintentional Long Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual unintentional shooting deaths by long gun total 

115
119
120
124 
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Rate of Unintentional Long Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by long gun per 100,000 population is 

0.0215
0.0219
0.0220
0.0224
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Unintentional Gun Deaths (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.In Scotland, annual unintentional shooting deaths by firearm (other) total 

122
Compare
Rate of Unintentional Gun Death (Other) per 100,000 PeopleIn Scotland, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by firearm (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0222
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

013
1
214
315
316
219
120
121
222
323
224
125
226
427
728
529
430 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.048
0.0615
0.0616
0.0419
0.0220
0.0221
0.0422
0.0623
0.0424
0.0225
0.0426
0.0927
0.1428
0.1029
0.0830
0.0460
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Scotland, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

013
1
2
2
3
Compare
Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Scotland, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

013
0
0
1
0
Compare
Long Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual deaths by long gun in which the cause remains undecided total 

115
216
119
120
121
222
223
224
125
126 
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Rate of Long Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of unknown-cause long gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0215
0.0416
0.0219
0.0220
0.0221
0.0422
0.0423
0.0424
0.0225
0.0226
Compare
Gun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, annual deaths by firearm (other) in which the cause remains undecided total 

215
116
119
123
126 
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Rate of Gun Death (Other) from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of unknown-cause gun deaths (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0415
0.0216
0.0219
0.0223
0.0226
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Non-fatal Gun InjuriesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Scotland, the annual number of non-fatal firearm injuries61 is 

9062 63
109
152
140
208
240
189
316
239
340 
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Rate of Non-fatal Gun Injury per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of non-fatal firearm injury61 per 100,000 population is 

1.708
2.09
2.93
2.71
4.04
4.69
3.71
6.22
4.73
4.75

MeasuresGun Regulation
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Scotland includes the Firearms Act 1968 (see United Kingdom)64 and the Firearms (Scotland) Rules 198965
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Scotland are regulated by the Chief Officer of Police66 67 
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Scotland, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law68 69
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Scotland, only licensed gun owners66 67 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Scotland are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm70
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Scotland must pass a background check which considers mental health, health and criminal70 71 records
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Reference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Scotland, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are required72
Firearm Registration
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Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Scotland, the law requires5 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
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Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Scotland, licensed firearm dealers are required73 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
Gun Sales and Transfers
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Scotland, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful73
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Number of Licensed Gun DealersChartThe number of licensed firearm dealers in Scotland is reported to be 

2012: 35374
2011: 346
2010: 337
2009: 335
2008: 327
2007: 301
2006: 283
2005: 275
2004: 280
2003: 284
2002: 28575
2001: 273
2000: 278
1999: 283
1998: 295
1997: 313
1996: 319
1995: 328
1994: 350
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Scotland include66 67 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileLink
About SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.

SDG 16,76 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).

In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.
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Homicides (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual homicides by any means total 

5213
58
63
72
82
9931 32 33
115
120
95
137
109
125
11332 33
107
123
12834 33
100
95
135
137 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.2113
0.21
0.26
0.25
0.36
1.9
2.2
2.3
1.9
2.7
2.2
2.5
2.232 33
2.1
2.4
2.434 33
1.9
1.8
2.6
2.6
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual male homicides by any means total 

3613
49
52
59
59
Compare
Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Scotland, annual female homicides by any means total 

1613
9
11
13
23
Compare
Gun HomicidesChartIn Scotland, annual firearm homicides total 

135
1
013
2
1
5
2
117 36
118 36
419 36
1020 36
721 36
622 36
223 36
324 36
525 37
426 37
727 37
828
529
2630 
Compare
Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

035
0
013
0.04
0.04
0.06
0
0.0217
0.0218
0.0819
0.2020
0.1421
0.1222
0.0423
0.0624
0.1025
0.0826
0.1427
0.1628
0.1029
0.5130
0.1938
Compare
Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual male firearm homicides total 

013
0
2
1
4
2
Compare
Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1035
0
0.10
0.10
Compare
Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Scotland, annual female firearm homicides total 

013
0
0
0
1
0
Compare
Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Scotland, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

035
0
0
0
Disarmament
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Surrendered in Gun AmnestyIn Scotland, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 3,39377 (2003)
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Small Arms DestroyedIn Scotland, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 80078 (2008)
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Scotland, it is state policy79 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Scotland ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Scotland on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page

Short References

1.: Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation
2.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation
3.: Scotland.2013.‘Table 1: Firearm Certificates - Number of New Applications (Granted and Refused), Firearm Certificates on Issue and Firearms Held in Scotland as at 31 December, 2003-2013.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,29 May. (Q6813)Full Citation
4.: Scotland.2013.‘Table 5: Shotgun Certificates: Number of New Applications (Granted and Refused), Shotgun Certificates on Issue and Shotguns Held in Scotland as at 31 December, 2003-2013.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,29 May. (Q6814)Full Citation
5.: Scotland.2010.‘Firearm Certificates: Number of firearms possessed on certificate and firearms authorised to be purchased or acquired on certificate in force in Scotland at the end of the year by type of weapon, 2009.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 May. (Q2072)Full Citation
6.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation
7.: van Dijk, Jan, John van Kesteren and Paul Smit.2007.‘Ownership of Firearms and Handguns in Countries and Main Cities (percentages): 1989-2005 ICVS and 2005 EU ICS.’ Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective: Key findings from the 2004-2005 ICVS and EU ICS.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime / UNODC,1 January. (Q11816)Full Citation
8.: GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Calculated Rates - Scotland.’ Historical Population Data - Scottish Government Website (Riaghaltas na h-Alba).Edinburgh:Scottish Government,21 July. (Q4228)Full Citation
9.: GunPolicy.org. 2019. ‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January. (G14) Full Citation
10.: BBC News. 2010. ‘Q&A: Armed Police in the UK.’ 8 June. (N287) Full Citation
11.: Keating, Joshua E.. 2011. ‘When Are British Cops Allowed to Carry Guns?.’ Foreign Policy (USA). 10 August. (N288) Full Citation
12.: Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation
13.: WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation
14.: Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Number and Rate of Gun Deaths in 90 Countries (Número e taxas de mortalidade por AF segundo causa básica em 90 países do mundo).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11896)Full Citation
15.: Scotland.2012.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2011.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2011.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,8 March. (Q6773)Full Citation
16.: Scotland.2011.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2010.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2010.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,5 August. (Q6772)Full Citation
17.: Scotland.2010.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2009.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2009.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,6 August. (Q6791)Full Citation
18.: Scotland.2009.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2008.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2008.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,7 August. (Q6792)Full Citation
19.: Scotland.2008.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2007.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2007.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6793)Full Citation
20.: Scotland.2007.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2006.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2006.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6794)Full Citation
21.: Scotland.2006.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2005.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2005.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6795)Full Citation
22.: Scotland.2005.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2004.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2004.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6796)Full Citation
23.: Scotland.2004.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2003.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2003.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6797)Full Citation
24.: Scotland.2003.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2002.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2002.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6798)Full Citation
25.: Scotland.2002.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2001.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2001.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,1 August. (Q6799)Full Citation
26.: Scotland.2001.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 2000.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 2000.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,30 July. (Q6803)Full Citation
27.: Scotland.2000.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 1999.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 1999.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,20 July. (Q6804)Full Citation
28.: Scotland.1998.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 1998.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 1998.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,29 July. (Q6805)Full Citation
29.: Scotland.1998.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 1997.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 1997.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,29 July. (Q6806)Full Citation
30.: Scotland.1997.‘Deaths: External Causes of Morbidity and Mortality - Underlying Cause, Sex and Age-group, 1996.’ Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in Scotland, 1996.Edinburgh:General Register Office for Scotland,30 July. (Q6807)Full Citation
31.: Scotland.2012.‘Table 1: Homicide Cases, Victims and Accused Persons, Scotland, 2002-03 to 2011-12.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,5 November. (Q6611)Full Citation
32.: Scotland.2010.‘Cases and Victims Currently Recorded as Homicide by the Police in Scotland, 1999-00 to 2008-09.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 May. (Q2076)Full Citation
33.: UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Scotland.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6219)Full Citation
34.: Barclay, Gordon, Cynthia Tavares and Arsalaan Siddique.2001.‘Crimes Recorded by Police: Homicide.’ International Comparisons of Criminal Justice Statistics 1999.London:UK Home Office,1 May. (Q2143)Full Citation
35.: UNODC.2020.‘Intentional Homicide Victims.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q13355)Full Citation
36.: Scotland.2012.‘Table 1: Offences in which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved, Scotland, 2002-03 to 2011-12.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,4 December. (Q6601)Full Citation
37.: Scotland.2010.‘Firearm Offences, Scotland, 1999-00 to 2008-09 - Homicide.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 May. (Q2075)Full Citation
38.: Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1297)Full Citation
39.: Scotland.2012.‘Table 4: Offences in which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2011-12.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,4 December. (Q6600)Full Citation
40.: Scotland.2011.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2010-11.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,25 October. (Q6643)Full Citation
41.: Scotland.2010.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2009-10.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,26 October. (Q6644)Full Citation
42.: Scotland.2009.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2008-09.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,27 October. (Q6645)Full Citation
43.: Scotland.2008.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2007-08.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 October. (Q6809)Full Citation
44.: Scotland.2007.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2006-07.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,23 October. (Q6646)Full Citation
45.: Scotland.2006.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2005-06.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,21 November. (Q6647)Full Citation
46.: Scotland.2005.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2004-05.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,25 October. (Q6648)Full Citation
47.: Scotland.2004.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2003.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,27 October. (Q6649)Full Citation
48.: Scotland.2003.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2002.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,23 September. (Q6650)Full Citation
49.: Scotland.2002.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2001.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,12 September. (Q6651)Full Citation
50.: Scotland.2001.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 2000.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 September. (Q6655)Full Citation
51.: Scotland.2000.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 1999.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 September. (Q6652)Full Citation
52.: Scotland.1999.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 1998.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 October. (Q6653)Full Citation
53.: Scotland.1998.‘Table 4: Offences in Which a Firearm Was Alleged to Have Been Involved by Main Firearm Recorded, Scotland, 1997.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,1 October. (Q6654)Full Citation
54.: Scotland.2011.‘Table 1: Deaths for which the Underlying Cause was Classified as 'Intentional Self-harm' or 'Event of Undetermined Intent' by Sex and by Type of Cause: Registered in Scotland, 1974 to 2011.’ Probable Suicides: Deaths which are the Result of Intentional Self-harm or Events of Undetermined Intent.Edinburgh:General Registry Office for Scotland,1 January. (Q6602)Full Citation
55.: Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1302)Full Citation
56.: Scotland.2011.‘Table 2: Deaths for which the Underlying Cause was Classified as 'Intentional Self-harm' or 'Event of Undetermined Intent' by Method and by Place of Usual Residence: Registered in Scotland, 1974 to 2011.’ Probable Suicides: Deaths which are the Result of Intentional Self-harm or Events of Undetermined Intent.Edinburgh:General Registry Office for Scotland,1 January. (Q6603)Full Citation
57.: Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1298)Full Citation
58.: Jackson, Thomas.2005.‘Global Gun Deaths.’ NISAT Firearm Mortality Database 2005.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 January. (Q12)Full Citation
59.: Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1299)Full Citation
60.: Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1300)Full Citation
61.: GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Airgun-related Death and Injury in the United Kingdom and Its Countries.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 16 January. (G185) Full Citation
62.: Scotland.2012.‘Table 5: How Main Firearm Recorded Was Used in Offences Involving the Alleged Use of a Firearm, Scotland, 2002-03 to 2011-12.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,4 December. (Q6810)Full Citation
63.: Scotland.2012.‘Table 5A: How Main Identified Firearm, Other Than an Air Weapon, Was Used in Offences Involving the Alleged Use of a Firearm, Scotland, 2002-03 to 2011-12.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,4 December. (Q6811)Full Citation
64.: UK.1968.‘An Act to Consolidate the Firearms Acts - Geographical Extent: E+W+S.’ Firearms Act 1968.London:Parliament of the United Kingdom,30 May. (Q1382)Full Citation
65.: Scotland.1989.‘Rule 1: Citation, Commencement and Extent.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6708)Full Citation
66.: Scotland.1989.‘Rule 3: Firearm Certificates.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6709)Full Citation
67.: Scotland.1989.‘Rule 4: Shot Gun Certificates.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6713)Full Citation
68.: Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation
69.: Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation
70.: Scotland.1989.‘Schedule 1: Firearms Certificates: Forms of Application and Certificate.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6710)Full Citation
71.: Scotland.1989.‘Schedule 2: Shot Gun Certificates: Forms of Application and Certificate.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6714)Full Citation
72.: Scotland.1989.‘Rule 5: Verification of Application and Rule 6: Statement to Accompany Application.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6711)Full Citation
73.: Scotland.1989.‘Rule 10: Firearms Dealers.’ Firearms (Scotland) Rules 1989.Edinburgh:Scottish Parliament,1 July. (Q6712)Full Citation
74.: Scotland.2013.‘Table 8: Firearm Dealers - New Applications for Registration (Granted and Refused) and Number of Firearm Dealers Registered in Scotland as at 31 December, 2003 to 2012.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,29 May. (Q6862)Full Citation
75.: Scotland.2004.‘Table 6: Firearms Dealers: New Applications for Registration (of which Granted and Refused) and Dealers Registered at 31 December, 1994-2003, Scotland.’ Scottish Government, Crime and Justice Datasets.Edinburgh:Justice Analytical Services Division,27 May. (Q6863)Full Citation
76.: United Nations.2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation
77.: UK.2003.‘Great Britain - England & Wales and Scotland.’ Firearms and Ammunition Handed In During the Firearms Amnesty 2003.London:UK Home Office,11 July. (Q6816)Full Citation
78.: BBC News. 2008. ‘Police Destroy Huge Firearm Cache.’ 14 March. (N296) Full Citation
79.: Stavrianakis, Ann, In: Faltas, Sami and Vera Chrobok (Eds.).2004.‘Storage and Destruction of Surplus Small Arms.’ Disposal of Surplus Small Arms: A survey of policies and practices in OSCE countries.Bonn:Bonn International Center for Conversion, BASIC, Saferworld, and the Small Arms Survey,1 February. (Q3926)Full Citation

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