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Russia — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Number of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned RiflesIn Russia, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 226,0003 Number of Privately Owned ShotgunsIn Russia, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 3,410,0003 Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Russia ranked at No. 94 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Russia ranked at No. 682 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationGovernment GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ImpactsDeath and InjuryHomicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Russia, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 15,5619 2015: 16,519 2014: 16,260 2013: 15,763 2012: 19,881 2011: 21,506 2010: 22,897 2009: 21,371 2008: 23,738 2007: 25,377 2006: 28,989 2005: 35,817 2004: 39,396 2003: 42,160 2002: 44,675 2001: 43,556 2000: 41,386 1999: 38,589 1998: 33,98210 1997: 35,40510 11 1996: 39,490 1995: 45,799 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Russia, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 10.939 2015: 11.60 2014: 11.41 2013: 11.06 2012: 13.87 2011: 15.02 2010: 15.99 2009: 15 2008: 16.67 2007: 17.82 2006: 20.2 2005: 24.9 2004: 27.3 2003: 29.1 2002: 30.7 2001: 29.8 2000: 28.2 1999: 26.2 1998: 23.010 12 1997: 23.9 1996: 26.6 1995: 30.8 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Suicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ProductionGun IndustryRegulation of Firearm MakersIn Russia, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence16 Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Russia was ranked 'major'17 TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsSmall Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Russia is reported by Customs to be US$ 2016: 179,000,00022 Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Russia is moderate3 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Russia include18 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Russia scored 2019: 9.2532 2018: 9.5033 2016: 9.7534 2014: 10.2535 2013: 5.5036 2012: 5.5037 2011: 6.0038 2010: 5.5039 2009: 5.5040 2008: 5.5041 2007: 5.5042 2006: 5.5043 2005: 5.5044 2004: 5.0045 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Russia is categorised as restrictive46 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Russia, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms and handguns53 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Russia, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is not specifically prohibited in law53 Regulation of HandgunsLaw Regulates Long GunsIn Russia, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law54 Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Russia, only licensed gun owners55 56 54 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Russia are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting, collection, personal protection, security3 Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Russia is 18 years56 Gun Owner Background ChecksFirearm Safety TrainingIn Russia, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required3 for a firearm licence Gun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Russia, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every five years58 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Manufacturer Record KeepingState-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Russia, State agencies are required61 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Russia include58 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Russia include62 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Russia include62 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Russia include63 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit MeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsUnited Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal JusticeThe UNCCPCJ, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, lists66 Russia as an elected member Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed67 by Russia. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has not been signed68 by Russia United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed69 by Russia United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Russia committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects70 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Russia submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was not apparent31 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated31 by Russia to other UN Member States UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided31 to Russia by other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Russia has not declared77 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Russia has been a Member State of the United Nations since 194578 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists79 Russia as a Participating State BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileAbout SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.
SDG 16,80 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).
In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing. Homicides (any method)ChartIn Russia, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 15,5619 2015: 16,519 2014: 16,260 2013: 15,763 2012: 19,881 2011: 21,506 2010: 22,897 2009: 21,371 2008: 23,738 2007: 25,377 2006: 28,989 2005: 35,817 2004: 39,396 2003: 42,160 2002: 44,675 2001: 43,556 2000: 41,386 1999: 38,589 1998: 33,98210 1997: 35,40510 11 1996: 39,490 1995: 45,799 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Russia, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 10.939 2015: 11.60 2014: 11.41 2013: 11.06 2012: 13.87 2011: 15.02 2010: 15.99 2009: 15 2008: 16.67 2007: 17.82 2006: 20.2 2005: 24.9 2004: 27.3 2003: 29.1 2002: 30.7 2001: 29.8 2000: 28.2 1999: 26.2 1998: 23.010 12 1997: 23.9 1996: 26.6 1995: 30.8 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Conflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Russia, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University DisarmamentAuthorities in Russia are known to have81 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Firearms Surrendered and SeizedSmall Arms DestroyedIn Russia, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 1994/2002: 1,110,00085: Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Russia, it is not state policy86 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market Global Peace IndexTo see where Russia ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Russia on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page |
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