Romania — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Romania is 

2017: 506,0001
2005: 160,0002
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Romania is 

2017: 2.593
2006: 0.6
2005: 0.76
: 
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Number of Privately Owned RiflesIn Romania, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 6,3794
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Number of Privately Owned ShotgunsIn Romania, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 54,4224
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Number of Privately Owned HandgunsIn Romania, the number of handguns in civilian possession is reported to be 6,5874
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Romania ranked at No. 815
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a comparison of the rate of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Romania ranked at No.1425
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Proportion of Adults Living in a Home With a GunIn Romania, the percentage of adults living in a household with a firearm is reported to be 

2015: 2%6
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Romania is reported to be 

1999: 61,2384
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Romania is 

1999: 0.273
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Romania is reported to be 

2017: 210,0001
2006: 87,3167
2005: 61,2382
: 
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Romania is 

2017: 1.073
2006: 0.41
2005: 0.29
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Romania there are estimated to be 

2017: 296,0001
2006: 40,0007
2005: 98,7622
: 
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Romania the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 

2017: 1.513
2006: 0.19
2005: 0.47
Government GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of Romania are reported to have 240,1809 firearms
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Romania are reported to have 251,00010 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

2711
34
24
25
30
25
35
3212 13 14 15
42
3712 13 14 15
34
36
48
57
51
62
67
59
76
73 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.1311
0.16
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.11
0.16
0.15
0.19
0.17
0.15
0.16
0.22
0.26
0.23
0.28
0.30
0.26
0.34
0.32
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Romania, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

2311
28
23
22
28
21
29
26
40
35
30
32
45
47
41
58
57
67
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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is 

0.2211
0.27
0.22
0.21
0.26
0.20
0.27
0.24
0.37
0.33
0.28
0.30
0.42
0.43
0.38
0.53
0.52
0.61
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Romania, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

411
6
1
3
2
4
6
6
2
2
4
4
3
10
10
4
2
9
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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is 

0.0411
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.09
0.09
0.03
0.02
0.08
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Homicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual homicides by any means total 

28116
244
250
255
306
339
325
218
212
205
266
258
302
379
357
433
487
696
656
699
556
56617
561
693
722
758 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.2011
1.14
1.30
1.26
1.55
1.52
1.86
1.73
2.13
2.04
2.17
1.86
1.93
2.18
2.77
3.32
2.5
3.01
3.19
2.517 18
2.5
3.1
3.2
3.3
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual male homicides by any means total 

17411
163
191
176
221
220
269
244
305
294
324
274
289
338
406
525
490
511
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.6711
1.56
1.82
1.67
2.09
2.07
2.53
2.29
2.85
2.74
3.01
2.54
2.68
3.12
3.74
4.82
4.47
4.66
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual female homicides by any means total 

8311
83
90
97
116
111
137
135
162
155
155
137
138
146
211
216
185
205
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.7511
0.75
0.81
0.87
1.04
0.99
1.22
1.20
1.44
1.37
1.37
1.21
1.22
1.28
1.85
1.89
1.61
1.79
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Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual firearm homicides total 

411
5
4
411
3
2
7
6
8
7
4
8
6
11
8
11
2312
11
14
19 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0211
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.1112
0.05
0.06
0.08
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Romania, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

2%19
3%19 20
1%19
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
0.5%17
1.2%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual male firearm homicides total 

311
4
3
3
2
1
5
3
6
7
3
6
6
9
8
10
10
11
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0311
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.10
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual female firearm homicides total 

111
1
111
111
1
1
2
3
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0111
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02

0.01
0.02

0.02

0.01
0.01
0.03
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Handgun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual handgun homicides total 

112
1
3
4
1
2
1
3
4
3
6
6
7
6
7
7 
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Rate of Handgun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of handgun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0012
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
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Long Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual long gun homicides total 

112
2
1
3
1
1
2
5
2
1
2 
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Rate of Long Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of long gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0012
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
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Gun Homicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual gun homicides (other) total 

312
2
7
6
8
7
4
8
6
11
8
11
14
11
14
10 
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Rate of Gun Homicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of gun homicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0112
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.04
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Suicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual suicides by any means total 

1,96011
1,945
1,987
2,240
2,220
2,416
2,509
2,548
2,778
2,595
2,489
2,441
2,739
2,625
2,737
2,918
2,741
2,866
2,73621 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

011
9.13
9.03
9.20
10.34
10.22
11.09
11.48
11.63
12.65
11.79
11.28
11.04
12.37
11.83
12.30
13.08
12.23
12.77
12.2521
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual male suicides by any means total 

1,63311
1,611
1,669
1,896
1,898
2,050
2,155
2,153
2,316
2,206
2,042
1,995
2,255
2,153
2,290
2,410
2,299
2,355
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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

15.6511
15.38
15.88
17.98
17.95
19.33
20.26
20.18
21.65
20.57
19
18.52
20.88
19.89
21.10
22.14
20.99
21.46
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual female suicides by any means total 

32711
334
31811
344
322
366
354
395
462
389
447
446
484
472
447
508
442
511
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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

2.9711
3.02
2.87
3.09
2.89
3.27
3.16
3.51
4.10
3.45
3.95
3.94
4.26
4.15
3.92
4.45
3.86
4.45
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Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual firearm suicides total 

1511
14
12
12
1113
9
14 22
1213
12
9
17
11
18
22
17
24
26
21
30
24 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0711
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.08
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.09
0.13
0.11
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Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual male firearm suicides total 

1311
11
12
10
11
7
13
11
12
9
16
11
15
20
14
24
21
30
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Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1211
0.11
0.11
0.09
0.10
0.07
0.12
0.10
0.11
0.08
0.15
0.10
0.14
0.18
0.13
0.22
0.19
0.27
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Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual female firearm suicides total 

211
3
2
0
2
1
1
0
1
3
2
3
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Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0211
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.03
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Handgun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual handgun suicides total 

213
1
3
5
2
2
5
4
2
2
4
9
9
6
5
7 
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Rate of Handgun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of handgun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0113
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.03
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Long Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, the number of long gun suicides is 

213
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
2
6
1
4
4
9
3 
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Rate of Long Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of long gun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0113
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.01
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Gun Suicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual gun suicides (other) total 

713
7
10
6
8
7
11
5
12
18
7
14
13
11
16
14 
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Rate of Gun Suicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of gun suicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0313
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.06
0.08
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.06
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Unintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

411
9
4
8
1314
9
8 22
8
20
12
9
10
12
15
12
18
17
20
20
26 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0211
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.09
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.12
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Romania, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

411
7
4
8
12
8
8
6
20
11
7
9
12
10
11
15
20
16
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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0411
0.07
0.04
0.08
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.06
0.19
0.10
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.10
0.14
0.18
0.15
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Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Romania, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

211
0
1
1
0
2
0
1
2
1
5
1
3
4
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Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0211
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.03
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Unintentional Handgun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual unintentional shooting deaths by handgun total 

114
1
1
1
1
1
4 
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Rate of Unintentional Handgun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by handgun per 100,000 population is 

0.0014
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
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Unintentional Long Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual unintentional shooting deaths by long gun total 

214
2
2
1
5
1
3
2
1
2
4
4
1
2
1 
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Rate of Unintentional Long Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by long gun per 100,000 population is 

0.0114
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.00
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Unintentional Gun Deaths (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual unintentional shooting deaths by firearm (other) total 

1014
7
5
7
14
11
6
7
11
15
10
14
12
19
17
21 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by firearm (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0414
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.09
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

111
1
115
2
2 22
1
1
4
2
3
7
4
3
3
1
1
4
4 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

011
0
0
0
0
0
0.01
0.01
0
0
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0
0.02
0.02
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Romania, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

111
111
1
2
2
1
1
4
2
3
7
4
2
3
1
4
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Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0111
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.04
Compare
Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Romania, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

011
0
0
0
0
0
1
Compare
Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0111
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Handgun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual deaths by handgun in which the cause remains undecided total 

115
3
1
1 
Compare
Rate of Handgun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause handgun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0015
0.01
0.00
0.00
Compare
Long Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual deaths by long gun in which the cause remains undecided total 

115
1
1
2
1
1
1
1 
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Rate of Long Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause long gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0015
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
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Gun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual deaths by firearm (other) in which the cause remains undecided total 

115
1
2
1
4
1
2
2
3
2
3
4
2 
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Rate of Gun Death (Other) from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of unknown-cause gun deaths (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0015
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
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Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Romania, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total 

311
3
1
1
1
1
1 
Compare
Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0111
0.01
0
0
0
0
0
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Male Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Romania, annual male legal-intervention gun homicides total 

311
3
1
1
1
1
1
Compare
Rate of Male Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0311
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

ProductionGun IndustryCompare
Regulation of Firearm MakersIn Romania, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only with government authorisation23 24 25 26 27 28
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Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Romania was ranked 'medium'29
Compare
Home-made GunsIn Romania, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be low30

TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingCompare
Firearm ExportsIn Romania, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law23 31 32 24 25 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Compare
Firearm Exports (Number)ChartThe annual number of firearms exported from Romania is reported by manufacturers to be 

2020: 42,83343
2019: 51,559
2018: 53,110
2017: 37,167
2016: 35,405
2015: 61,362
2014: 23,53244
2010: 55,326
2009: 119,051
2008: 96,918
2007: 115,973
Compare
Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Romania is reported by Customs to be US$12,458,45245 (2011)46 47
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Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Romania was categorized as 'major'48 49 50
Compare
Firearm ImportsIn Romania, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law23 31 32 24 25 33 34 35 36 38 39 40 41
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Firearm Imports (Number)ChartThe annual number of firearms imported to Romania is reported to be 

2020: 32,70043
2019: 6,532
2018: 5,264
2017: 2,421
2016: 2,723
2015: 2,834
2014: 4,56844
2010: 9,085
2009: 42,908
2008: 7,822
2007: 7,994
Compare
Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Romania is reported by Customs to be US$8,364,50245 (2011)
Compare
Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Romania is low51 52
Compare
Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Romania, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law36 53 54 55
Compare
End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Romania include34 56 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use
Compare
Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Romania scored 

2020: 17.25
2019: 15.7557
2018: 18.0058
2016: 17.5059
2014: 19.0060
2013: 19.7561
2012: 19.0062
2011: 18.0063
2010: 16.5064
2009: 16.5065
2008: 15.2566
2007: 6.7567
2006: 6.2568
2005: 2.0069
2004: 4.0070 

MeasuresGun RegulationCompare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Romania is categorised as restrictive71
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Romania includes the Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime No. 17 of 2 April 1996,72 the Law on the Regime of the Monopoly of State No. 31 of 1996,26 28 the Law No. 295 on the Regime of Arms and Ammunitions of 2004,73 74 28 Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons ,75 76 the European Union Firearms Regulation of 2012 and the Common Position on the Control of Arms Brokering of 200377
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Romania are regulated by the Ministry of the Interior,78 79 24 and the European Commission76
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Romania, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law80 81
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Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Romania, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, firearms disguised as other objects, and armour-piercing, incendiary and expanding ammunition82 83
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Regulation of Automatic WeaponsIn Romania, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited, with only narrow exemptions for persons exercising 'public authority'84 85 86 82 83 20
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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Romania, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is prohibited, with only narrow exemptions for persons exercising 'public authority'84 85 87 88 83
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Regulation of HandgunsIn Romania, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is prohibited with only narrow exemptions for persons exercising 'public authority'84 85 82 87 88 83 20
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Law Regulates Long GunsIn Romania,  civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law20
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Romania, only licensed gun owners84 85 89 90 91 92 93 82 87 20 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Romania are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting, self-defence, collection85 84 90 94 95 96
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Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Romania is 18 years97 96
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Romania must pass a background check which considers criminal and mental health97 96 20 records
Compare
Gun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Romania, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every three years92
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Licensing RecordsIn Romania, authorities maintain a record79 98 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition
Compare
Limit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Romania are permitted to possess 2 weapons of the same calibre, and only firearms specified on the firearms licence79 90 91
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Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Romania are permitted to possess ammunition appropriate for up to two weapons, and only the type and in quantities appropriate to the firearms specified on the licence79 90 91 99 41
Firearm Registration
Compare
Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Romania, the law requires100 101 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
Compare
Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Romania, licensed firearm dealers are required25 98 32 101 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
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Gun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Romania, licensed gun makers are required102 28 100 103 104 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority
Compare
State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Romania, State agencies are required105 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control
Gun Sales and Transfers
Compare
Regulation of Private Gun SalesIn Romania, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited unless conducted by licensed units and registered by the Police98 25
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Romania, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful25 106 98 32 54 88
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Limit on Gun Dealer SalesIn Romania, the number and type of firearms which can be sold by a licensed gun dealer to a single gun owner is limited to two weapons of the same calibre, firearms specified on the firearms licence, and ammunition of type and quantity appropriate to the licensed weapon79 90 91
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Romania include89 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners
Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Romania include105 107 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities
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Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Romania include108 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit
Carrying Guns
Compare
Carrying Guns Openly in PublicIn Romania, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit84 79 90 91 20
Compare
Carrying Hidden Handguns in PublicIn Romania, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit84 79 90 20
Compare
Gun Free ZonesIn Romania, private guns are prohibited in public gatherings109

MeasuresInternational Controls
Regional Agreements
European UnionAs a member of the European Union, Romania is bound by the provisions of the ‘EU Firearms Directive’ – the 2007 Legislative Resolution on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons of the European Parliament110 111
European Union Export ReportingUnder the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, Romania is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that Romania has submitted one or more national reports112 on its arms transfers
Compare
Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2008113 by Romania.
Compare
Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified114 by Romania
Compare
United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been acceded to115 by Romania
United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA
UNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Romania committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects116
Compare
UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreIn its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Romania against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 19117 118 119 120 among 159 Member States
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UNPoA National ReportingUnder the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Romania has submitted one or more national reports121 122 on its implementation of the UNPoA
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UNPoA National Point of ContactIn Romania, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated122
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UNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Romania, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated123
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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Romania submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent122
UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated122 by Romania to other UN Member States
UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided122 to Romania by other UN Member States
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United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Romania has declared124 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.
United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Romania has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1955125
Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists126 Romania as a Participating State

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileLink
About SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.

SDG 16,127 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).

In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.
Compare
Homicides (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual homicides by any means total 

28116
244
250
255
306
339
325
218
212
205
266
258
302
379
357
433
487
696
656
699
556
56617
561
693
722
758 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.2011
1.14
1.30
1.26
1.55
1.52
1.86
1.73
2.13
2.04
2.17
1.86
1.93
2.18
2.77
3.32
2.5
3.01
3.19
2.517 18
2.5
3.1
3.2
3.3
Compare
Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual male homicides by any means total 

17411
163
191
176
221
220
269
244
305
294
324
274
289
338
406
525
490
511
Compare
Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.6711
1.56
1.82
1.67
2.09
2.07
2.53
2.29
2.85
2.74
3.01
2.54
2.68
3.12
3.74
4.82
4.47
4.66
Compare
Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Romania, annual female homicides by any means total 

8311
83
90
97
116
111
137
135
162
155
155
137
138
146
211
216
185
205
Compare
Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.7511
0.75
0.81
0.87
1.04
0.99
1.22
1.20
1.44
1.37
1.37
1.21
1.22
1.28
1.85
1.89
1.61
1.79
Compare
Gun HomicidesChartIn Romania, annual firearm homicides total 

411
5
4
411
3
2
7
6
8
7
4
8
6
11
8
11
2312
11
14
19 
Compare
Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0211
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.1112
0.05
0.06
0.08
Compare
Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Romania, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

2%19
3%19 20
1%19
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
0.5%17
1.2%
Compare
Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual male firearm homicides total 

311
4
3
3
2
1
5
3
6
7
3
6
6
9
8
10
10
11
Compare
Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0311
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.10
Compare
Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Romania, annual female firearm homicides total 

111
1
111
111
1
1
2
3
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
Compare
Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Romania, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0111
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02

0.01
0.02

0.02

0.01
0.01
0.03
Link
Conflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Romania, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University
Disarmament
Compare
Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Romania, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 

201128
84
57128
28
86
86129
84
99
Compare
Small Arms DestroyedIn Romania, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 

195,510130
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Romania, it is not state policy131 105 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market
Marking and Tracing
Compare
Firearm MarkingIn Romania, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law102 132 100 28 133 134
Compare
Firearm TracingIn Romania, state authorities carry out135 103 104 134 101 136 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Romania ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Romania on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page

Short References

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53.: Romania.2009.‘Brokering.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3618)Full Citation
54.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 4(4).’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14624)Full Citation
55.: European Commission.2013.‘The Need for Action at EU Level - EU Firearms Laws.’ Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament.Brussels:Europa.eu,21 October. (Q8319)Full Citation
56.: Romania.2009.‘Export Controls - End-Use.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3617)Full Citation
57.: Picard, Michael, Paul Holtom and Fiona Mangan.2019.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2019.’ Trade Update 2019: Transfers, Transparency, and South-east Asia Spotlight.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,12 December. (Q14069)Full Citation
58.: Holtom, Paul and Irene Pavesi.2018.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.’ The 2018 Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q13505)Full Citation
59.: Pavesi, Irene.2016.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2016.’ Trade Update 2016: Transfers and Transparency.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 June. (Q12070)Full Citation
60.: Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi, and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2014.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q10547)Full Citation
61.: Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2013.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q6871)Full Citation
62.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2012.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q6869)Full Citation
63.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2011.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 July. (Q10549)Full Citation
64.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2010.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2010.’ Small Arms Survey 2010: Gangs, Groups and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 June. (Q10550)Full Citation
65.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2009.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2009.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,9 July. (Q10551)Full Citation
66.: Close, Helen and Chris Stevenson.2008.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2008.’ Small Arms Survey 2008: Risk and Resilience.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 July. (Q10552)Full Citation
67.: Glatz, Anne-Kathrin and Lora Lumpe.2007.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2007.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q10553)Full Citation
68.: Khakee, Anna, Pablo Dreyfus and Anne-Kathrin Glatz.2006.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2006.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10554)Full Citation
69.: Khakee, Anna.2005.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2005.’ Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,11 July. (Q10555)Full Citation
70.: Khakee, Anna.2004.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2004.’ Small Arms Survey 2004: Rights at Risk.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10556)Full Citation
71.: Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation
72.: Romania.1996.‘General Provisions.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3149)Full Citation
73.: Romania.2009.‘National Measures to Prevent the Manufacture, Stockpiling, Transfer and Possession of Unmarked or Inadequately Marked SALW.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3613)Full Citation
74.: Romania.2003.‘Preventing, Combating and Eradicating the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in all its Aspects.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 June. (Q3622)Full Citation
75.: European Parliament.2021.‘Preamble.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14621)Full Citation
76.: European Parliament.2021.‘Final Provisions.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14638)Full Citation
77.: European Commission.2013.‘The Need for Action at EU Level - EU Firearms Laws.’ Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament.Brussels:Europa.eu,21 October. (Q8315)Full Citation
78.: Romania.1996.‘Article 5.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3152)Full Citation
79.: Romania.1996.‘Article 10.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3154)Full Citation
80.: Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation
81.: Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation
82.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 9.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14630)Full Citation
83.: European Parliament.2021.‘Annex I.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14639)Full Citation
84.: Romania.1996.‘Article 11.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3155)Full Citation
85.: Romania.1996.‘Article 14.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3156)Full Citation
86.: Romania.1996.‘Article 3.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3151)Full Citation
87.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 10.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14631)Full Citation
88.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 11.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14632)Full Citation
89.: Romania.1996.‘Article 6.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3153)Full Citation
90.: Romania.1996.‘Article 17.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3159)Full Citation
91.: Romania.1996.‘Article 18.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3160)Full Citation
92.: Romania.1996.‘Article 22.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3164)Full Citation
93.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 5.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14626)Full Citation
94.: Romania.1996.‘Article 19.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3162)Full Citation
95.: Romania.1996.‘Article 34.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3165)Full Citation
96.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 6.’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14627)Full Citation
97.: Romania.1996.‘Article 15.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3158)Full Citation
98.: Romania.1996.‘Article 62.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3170)Full Citation
99.: Romania.1996.‘Article 57.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3167)Full Citation
100.: Romania.2016.‘Marking and Record Keeping.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,27 April. (Q13085)Full Citation
101.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 4(5)-(6).’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14625)Full Citation
102.: Romania.2009.‘Art. 89 Law no 295 / 2004.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3614)Full Citation
103.: Romania.2009.‘Marking, Record Keeping and Tracing.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3620)Full Citation
104.: Romania.2009.‘Record-Keeping for Transfers.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3621)Full Citation
105.: Romania.2016.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,27 April. (Q13084)Full Citation
106.: Romania.1996.‘Article 59.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3168)Full Citation
107.: Romania.2009.‘How Often are Stocks of SALW Held by Armed Forces, Police and Other Authorized Bodies Reviewed?.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3615)Full Citation
108.: Romania.1996.‘Article 67.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3173)Full Citation
109.: Romania.1996.‘Article 21.’ Law on Firearms and Ammunition Regime, No.17 of 1996.Bucharest:Parliament of Romania,2 April. (Q3163)Full Citation
110.: European Parliament.2007.‘Roll-call Vote: EU Firearms Directive.’ Legislative Resolution on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons.Brussels:VoteWatch.eu,29 November. (Q1346)Full Citation
111.: EU Parliament.2007.‘Draft Legislative Resolution on the EU Parliament Firearms Directive 2007.’ Report on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Directive 91/477/EEC on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons.Brussels:European Parliament,12 July. (Q1970)Full Citation
112.: Saferworld.2010.‘EU Arms Transfer Reporting Database.’ Saferworld European Union Arms Transfer Reporting Database.London:Saferworld,9 December. (Q3364)Full Citation
113.: GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
114.: UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
115.: UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
116.: UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
117.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
118.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
119.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
120.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
121.: Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
122.: UNODA.2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation
123.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation
124.: UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - Transparency in the Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation
125.: UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation
126.: Wassenaar Arrangement.1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation
127.: United Nations.2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation
128.: UNODC.2020.‘Arms Seized, Found, and Surrendered, by Type.’ Illicit Arms Flows Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,7 January. (Q14056)Full Citation
129.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Number of Firearms Reported Seized by Police, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10542)Full Citation
130.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q11758)Full Citation
131.: Romania.2018.‘Surplus.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13891)Full Citation
132.: Romania.2009.‘Marking, Record Keeping and Tracing.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3619)Full Citation
133.: Romania.2016.‘International Transfers - Marking at Import.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,27 April. (Q13082)Full Citation
134.: European Parliament.2021.‘Article 4(1)-(3).’ Directive (EU) 2021/555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (codification).Brussels:European Union,24 March. (Q14623)Full Citation
135.: Romania.2016.‘International Tracing.’ National Report of Romania on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations,27 April. (Q13086)Full Citation
136.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Summary of Reported International Requests for Tracing of Firearms, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10546)Full Citation

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