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Panama — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 665 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 263 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 39020 2015: 46816 2014: 627 2013: 676 2012: 712 2011: 750 2010: 760 2009: 795 2008: 652 2007: 476 2006: 363 2005: 364 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28521 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 10.5320 2015: 12.8016 2014: 17.38 2013: 18.99 2012: 20.28 2011: 21.67 2010: 22.28 2009: 23.66 2008: 19.70 2007: 14.61 2006: 11.05 2005: 11.28 2004: 9.71 2003: 10.85 2002: 12.42 2001: 10.19 2000: 10.14 1999: 9.821 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesSuicides (any method)Gun SuicidesUnintentional Gun DeathsGun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesRate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm Exports (Number)Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Panama is reported by Customs to be US$195,49141 (2011) Firearm ImportsSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Panama is high47 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Panama do not include37 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Panama is categorised as restrictive50 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Panama, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war,51 55 automatic firearms, long guns with shortened barrels, home-made firearms, and armour-piercing, explosive, or expanding ammunition56 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Panama, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence57 Regulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Panama, only licensed gun owners58 59 60 61 62 57 35 63 64 26 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Panama, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required68 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Panama, licensing authorities are not required68 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Panama stipulates65 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodLicensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any number of firearms68 Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition68 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Panama, licensed gun makers are required31 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority Gun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Panama is obliged67 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Panama is obliged84 to pass official background checks before taking possession Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Panama, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined68 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Panama, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated68 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Panama do not include68 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Panama include35 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Panama include78 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm TracingCollection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Panama is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material112 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Panama adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified113 114 by Panama Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2007115 by Panama. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified116 by Panama United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified117 by Panama United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Panama committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects118 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Panama submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent125 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated124 by Panama to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Panama has not declared126 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Panama has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945127 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list128 Panama as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Panama, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Panama ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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2011.‘Possession (Tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10390)Full Citation
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2011.‘Firearm Possession Certificate (Certificado de tenencia de arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10394)Full Citation
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2011.‘Possession and Carrying (Tenencia y porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10372)Full Citation
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2011.‘Authorisation Granted by Licences (Autorización por licencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10399)Full Citation
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2011.‘Firearm Transfer (Cesión del arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10401)Full Citation
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2011.‘Reloading Ammunition (Recarga de municiones).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10402)Full Citation
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2011.‘Ban on Carrying and Possession (Prohibición de porte y tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10374)Full Citation
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2011.‘Requirements - Carry (Requisitos - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10397)Full Citation
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2011.‘Requirements (Requisitos).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10392)Full Citation
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2011.‘Object (Objectivo).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q12034)Full Citation
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2011.‘Validity (Vigencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10395)Full Citation
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2011.‘Validity - Carry (Vigencia - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10398)Full Citation
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2011.‘Firearms Registry (Registro de armas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10380)Full Citation
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2011.‘Confidentiality of Information (Confidencialidad de la información).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10381)Full Citation
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2011.‘Organisation of the Registry (Organización del Registro).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10378)Full Citation
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2014.‘Record-keeping (Registro).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).Panama:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10531)Full Citation
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2011.‘Sales Report (Informe de ventas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10384)Full Citation
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2011.‘Obligations of the Seller (Obligaciones del vendedor).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10388)Full Citation
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2014.‘Stockpile Management (Gestion de las existencias).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10481)Full Citation
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2014.‘Surplus (Excedentes).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10482)Full Citation
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2010.‘Marking, Registration and Tracing (Marcado, Mantenimiento de Registros y Localización).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4754)Full Citation
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2011.‘Sale between Individuals (Compraventa entre particulares).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10387)Full Citation
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2011.‘Prohibited Transfers (Prohibición de transferencias).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10389)Full Citation
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