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Panama — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Number of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Panama ranked at No. 889 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a comparison of the rate of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Panama ranked at No.689 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsGovernment GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2017: 31017 2016: 315 2015: 364 2014: 47517 2013: 530 2012: 541 2011: 611 2010: 585 2009: 684 2008: 535 2007: 346 2006: 294 2005: 250 2004: 208 2003: 221 2002: 26918 2001: 230 2000: 226 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2021: 55419 2020: 49720 2019: 34321 2018: 294 2017: 266 2016: 285 2015: 320 2014: 439 2013: 666 2012: 482 2011: 579 2010: 582 2009: 667 2008: 519 2007: 289 2006: 253 2005: 214 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28522 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2021: 12.8 19 2020: 11.5921 2019: 10.53 2018: 9.60 2017: 9.20 2016: 10.03 2015: 11.87 2014: 15.48 2013: 17.29 2012: 16.89 2011: 14.81 2010: 12.63 2009: 15.70 2008: 14.02 2007: 8.08 2006: 6.52 2005: 10.93 2004: 9.42 2003: 10.50 2002: 11.94 2001: 9.90 2000: 9.87 1999: 9.822 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual firearm homicides total 2017: 30017 2016: 296 2015: 339 2014: 459 2013: 517 2012: 535 2011: 585 2010: 558 2009: 650 2008: 503 2007: 322 2006: 254 2005: 227 2004: 172 2003: 180 2002: 22218 2001: 177 2000: 179 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleSuicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual suicides by any means total 2016: 17428 2015: 156 2014: 14717 2013: 130 2012: 135 2011: 144 2010: 152 2009: 178 2008: 186 2007: 171 2006: 20729 30 2005: 19629 2004: 232 2003: 231 2002: 19629 18 2001: 19529 2000: 18328 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual firearm suicides total 2017: 117 2016: 4 2015: 5 2014: 5 2013: 3 2012: 3 2011: 731 2010: 5 2009: 1932 2008: 7 2007: 9 2006: 21 2005: 9 2004: 15 2003: 18 2002: 3118 2001: 23 2000: 13 Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Suicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Suicide VictimsUnintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2015: 217 2014: 2 2013: 4 2012: 1 2011: 831 2010: 2 2008: 2 2007: 1 2006: 3 2005: 2 2004: 3 2003: 7 2002: 218 2001: 8 2000: 11 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Female Gun DeathsGun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2017: 817 2016: 11 2015: 17 2014: 717 2013: 1 2012: 0 2011: 231 2010: 11 2009: 432 2008: 3 2006: 1 2005: 6 2004: 2 2002: 1418 2001: 6 2000: 11 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm Exports (Number)Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsFirearm ImportsIn Panama, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law46 47 40 48 39 49 41 50 42 43 Firearm Imports (Number)Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsChartThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Panama is reported by Customs to be US$ 2021: 2,794,00051 2020: 79,000 2019: 269,000 2018: 577,000 2017: 339,000 2016: 265,000 2015: 1,949,000 2014: 3,260,000 2013: 1,984,000 2012: 615,000 2011: 2,157,000 2010: 2,168,000 2009: 1,182,000 2008: 1,245,000 2007: 657,000 2006: 249,000 2005: 198,000 2004: 679,000 2003: 670,000 2002: 200,000 Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Panama is high52 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Panama do not include41 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Panama is categorised as restrictive55 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Panama, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war,56 60 automatic firearms, long guns with shortened barrels, home-made firearms, and armour-piercing, explosive, or expanding ammunition61 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Panama, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence62 Regulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Panama, only licensed gun owners63 64 65 66 67 62 39 68 69 27 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Panama, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required73 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Panama, licensing authorities are not required73 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Panama stipulates70 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodLicensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any number of firearms73 Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition73 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Panama, licensed gun makers are required35 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority Gun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Panama is obliged72 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Panama is obliged89 to pass official background checks before taking possession Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Panama, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined73 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Panama, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated73 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Panama do not include73 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Panama include39 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Panama include83 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities MeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Panama is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material100 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Panama adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified101 102 by Panama Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2007103 by Panama. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified104 by Panama United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified105 by Panama United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Panama committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects106 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactIn Panama, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated112 UNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Panama submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent113 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated112 by Panama to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Panama has not declared114 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Panama has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945115 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list116 Panama as a Participating State BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileAbout SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.
SDG 16,117 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).
In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing. Homicides (any method)ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2021: 55419 2020: 49720 2019: 34321 2018: 294 2017: 266 2016: 285 2015: 320 2014: 439 2013: 666 2012: 482 2011: 579 2010: 582 2009: 667 2008: 519 2007: 289 2006: 253 2005: 214 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28522 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2021: 12.8 19 2020: 11.5921 2019: 10.53 2018: 9.60 2017: 9.20 2016: 10.03 2015: 11.87 2014: 15.48 2013: 17.29 2012: 16.89 2011: 14.81 2010: 12.63 2009: 15.70 2008: 14.02 2007: 8.08 2006: 6.52 2005: 10.93 2004: 9.42 2003: 10.50 2002: 11.94 2001: 9.90 2000: 9.87 1999: 9.822 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Panama, annual firearm homicides total 2017: 30017 2016: 296 2015: 339 2014: 459 2013: 517 2012: 535 2011: 585 2010: 558 2009: 650 2008: 503 2007: 322 2006: 254 2005: 227 2004: 172 2003: 180 2002: 22218 2001: 177 2000: 179 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleConflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Panama, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University DisarmamentMarking and TracingFirearm TracingGlobal Peace IndexTo see where Panama ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Panama on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page |
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2011.‘Possession and Carrying (Tenencia y porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10372)Full Citation
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2011.‘Authorisation Granted by Licences (Autorización por licencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10399)Full Citation
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2011.‘Firearm Transfer (Cesión del arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10401)Full Citation
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2011.‘Reloading Ammunition (Recarga de municiones).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10402)Full Citation
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2011.‘Ban on Carrying and Possession (Prohibición de porte y tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10374)Full Citation
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2011.‘Requirements - Carry (Requisitos - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10397)Full Citation
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2011.‘Validity (Vigencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10395)Full Citation
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2011.‘Confidentiality of Information (Confidencialidad de la información).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10381)Full Citation
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2011.‘Obligations of the Seller (Obligaciones del vendedor).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10388)Full Citation
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