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Panama — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 665 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 263 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Panama, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2015: 36416 2014: 47516 2013: 535 2012: 546 2011: 61317 2010: 591 2009: 69818 2008: 543 2007: 355 2002: 26919 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2018: 39020 2016: 413 2015: 493 2014: 628 2013: 666 2012: 665 2011: 759 2010: 759 2009: 795 2008: 652 2007: 476 2006: 363 2005: 364 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28521 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 10.2620 2016: 11.15 2015: 13.48 2014: 17.40 2013: 18.71 2012: 18.95 2011: 21.93 2010: 22.25 2009: 23.66 2008: 19.70 2007: 14.61 2006: 11.05 2005: 11.28 2004: 9.71 2003: 10.85 2002: 12.42 2001: 10.19 2000: 10.14 1999: 9.821 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Panama, annual firearm homicides total 2015: 34016 2014: 46116 2013: 527 2012: 542 2011: 596 2010: 573 2009: 674 2008: 527 2007: 338 2006: 252 2005: 215 2004: 18521 2002: 22219 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsSuicides (any method)ChartIn Panama, annual suicides by any means total 2016: 17427 2015: 156 2014: 14716 2013: 130 2012: 135 2011: 144 2010: 152 2009: 178 2008: 186 2007: 171 2006: 20728 29 2005: 19628 2004: 232 2003: 231 2002: 19628 19 2001: 19528 2000: 18327 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesUnintentional Gun DeathsChartIn Panama, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2015: 216 2014: 216 2013: 4 2012: 1 2011: 817 2010: 2 2008: 2 2007: 1 2002: 219 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Female Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleIn Panama, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 2011: 0.0616 Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Panama, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2015: 1716 2014: 716 2013: 1 2012: 0 2011: 217 2010: 11 2009: 418 2008: 3 2002: 1419 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesRate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm Exports (Number)Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Panama is reported by Customs to be US$195,49142 (2011) Firearm ImportsSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Panama is high48 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Panama do not include38 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Panama is categorised as restrictive51 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Panama, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war,52 56 automatic firearms, long guns with shortened barrels, home-made firearms, and armour-piercing, explosive, or expanding ammunition57 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Panama, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence58 Regulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Panama, only licensed gun owners59 60 61 62 63 58 36 64 65 26 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Panama, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required69 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Panama, licensing authorities are not required69 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Panama stipulates66 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodLicensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any number of firearms69 Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition69 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Panama, licensed gun makers are required32 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority Gun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Panama is obliged68 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Panama is obliged85 to pass official background checks before taking possession Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Panama, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined69 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Panama, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated69 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Panama do not include69 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Panama include36 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Panama include79 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities MeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Panama is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material96 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Panama adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified97 98 by Panama Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 200799 by Panama. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified100 by Panama United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified101 by Panama United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Panama committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects102 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Panama submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent109 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated108 by Panama to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Panama has not declared110 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Panama has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945111 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list112 Panama as a Participating State BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileAbout SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.
SDG 16,113 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).
In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing. Conflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Panama, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University DisarmamentMarking and TracingFirearm TracingGlobal Peace IndexTo see where Panama ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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2011.‘Authorisation Granted by Licences (Autorización por licencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10399)Full Citation
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2011.‘Firearm Transfer (Cesión del arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10401)Full Citation
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2011.‘Ban on Carrying and Possession (Prohibición de porte y tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10374)Full Citation
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2011.‘Requirements - Carry (Requisitos - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10397)Full Citation
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2011.‘Requirements (Requisitos).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10392)Full Citation
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2011.‘Validity (Vigencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10395)Full Citation
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2011.‘Validity - Carry (Vigencia - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10398)Full Citation
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2011.‘Confidentiality of Information (Confidencialidad de la información).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10381)Full Citation
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2011.‘Organisation of the Registry (Organización del Registro).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10378)Full Citation
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