Top of Page
Panama — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Number of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 665 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Panama ranked at No. 263 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsGovernment GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2015: 36416 2014: 47516 2013: 535 2012: 546 2011: 61317 2010: 591 2009: 69818 2008: 543 2007: 355 2002: 26919 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2018: 39020 2016: 413 2015: 493 2014: 628 2013: 666 2012: 665 2011: 759 2010: 759 2009: 795 2008: 652 2007: 476 2006: 363 2005: 364 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28521 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 10.2620 2016: 11.15 2015: 13.48 2014: 17.40 2013: 18.71 2012: 18.95 2011: 21.93 2010: 22.25 2009: 23.66 2008: 19.70 2007: 14.61 2006: 11.05 2005: 11.28 2004: 9.71 2003: 10.85 2002: 12.42 2001: 10.19 2000: 10.14 1999: 9.821 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual firearm homicides total 2015: 34016 2014: 46116 2013: 527 2012: 542 2011: 596 2010: 573 2009: 674 2008: 527 2007: 338 2006: 252 2005: 215 2004: 18521 2002: 22219 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsSuicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual suicides by any means total 2016: 17427 2015: 156 2014: 14716 2013: 130 2012: 135 2011: 144 2010: 152 2009: 178 2008: 186 2007: 171 2006: 20728 29 2005: 19628 2004: 232 2003: 231 2002: 19628 19 2001: 19528 2000: 18327 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Unintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2015: 216 2014: 216 2013: 4 2012: 1 2011: 817 2010: 2 2008: 2 2007: 1 2002: 219 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Female Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleIn Panama, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 2011: 0.0616 Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Panama, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2015: 1716 2014: 716 2013: 1 2012: 0 2011: 217 2010: 11 2009: 418 2008: 3 2002: 1419 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm Exports (Number)Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Panama is reported by Customs to be US$195,49142 (2011) Firearm ImportsSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Panama is high48 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Panama do not include38 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Panama is categorised as restrictive51 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Panama, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war,52 56 automatic firearms, long guns with shortened barrels, home-made firearms, and armour-piercing, explosive, or expanding ammunition57 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Panama, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence58 Regulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Panama, only licensed gun owners59 60 61 62 63 58 36 64 65 26 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Panama, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required69 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Panama, licensing authorities are not required69 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Panama stipulates66 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodLicensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any number of firearms69 Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Panama are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition69 Firearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Panama, licensed gun makers are required32 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority Gun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Panama is obliged68 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Panama is obliged85 to pass official background checks before taking possession Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Panama, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined69 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Panama, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated69 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Panama do not include69 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Panama include36 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Panama include79 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities MeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Panama is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material96 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Panama adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified97 98 by Panama Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 200799 by Panama. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified100 by Panama United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified101 by Panama United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Panama committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects102 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Panama submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent109 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated108 by Panama to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Panama has not declared110 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Panama has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945111 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list112 Panama as a Participating State BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileAbout SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.
SDG 16,113 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).
In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing. Homicides (any method)ChartIn Panama, annual homicides by any means total 2018: 39020 2016: 413 2015: 493 2014: 628 2013: 666 2012: 665 2011: 759 2010: 759 2009: 795 2008: 652 2007: 476 2006: 363 2005: 364 2004: 308 2003: 338 2002: 380 2001: 306 2000: 299 1999: 28521 1998: 281 1997: 315 1996: 248 1995: 377 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Panama, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 10.2620 2016: 11.15 2015: 13.48 2014: 17.40 2013: 18.71 2012: 18.95 2011: 21.93 2010: 22.25 2009: 23.66 2008: 19.70 2007: 14.61 2006: 11.05 2005: 11.28 2004: 9.71 2003: 10.85 2002: 12.42 2001: 10.19 2000: 10.14 1999: 9.821 1998: 9.9 1997: 11.3 1996: 9.1 1995: 14.1 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Panama, annual firearm homicides total 2015: 34016 2014: 46116 2013: 527 2012: 542 2011: 596 2010: 573 2009: 674 2008: 527 2007: 338 2006: 252 2005: 215 2004: 18521 2002: 22219 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsConflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Panama, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University DisarmamentMarking and TracingFirearm TracingGlobal Peace IndexTo see where Panama ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
Short References
- 1.
-
2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation
- 2.
-
2012.‘Estimated Civilian Gun Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8972)Full Citation
- 3.
-
2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation
- 4.
-
2014.‘Firearms in Central America (Armas en América Central).’ Firearms Trafficking: Context, Legislative Proposals and Public Opinion (Trafico de Armas: Entorno, Propuestas Legislativas y Opinión Pública).Mexico City:Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública (Social Studies and Public Opinion Center),1 December. (Q11774)Full Citation
- 5.
-
2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation
- 6.
-
2016.‘Panama.’ Implementation of the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in Central America and the Caribbean (Implementación del Programa de Acción de Naciones Unidas para Prevenir, Combatir en Centr.Guatemala City:Instituto de Enseñanza para el Desarrollo Sostenible (iepades),17 August. (Q12179)Full Citation
- 7.
-
2010.‘Panama Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Panamá).’ Panama Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Panamá).Panama:Coalición Latinoamericana para la Prevención de la Violencia Armada (CLAVE),4 July. (Q11906)Full Citation
- 8.
-
2012.‘Country Analyses: Panama.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q10419)Full Citation
- 9.
-
2012.‘Legally Registered Civilian Firearms.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9208)Full Citation
- 10.
-
2011.‘Civilian Firearms Legally Registered.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5679)Full Citation
- 11.
-
2016.‘Calculated Rates - Panama.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,19 August. (Q4278)Full Citation
- 12.
-
GunPolicy.org. 2019. ‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January. (G14) Full Citation - 13.
-
2012.‘State Firearms Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8973)Full Citation
- 14.
-
2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation
- 15.
-
2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation
- 16.
-
2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation
- 17.
-
2015.‘Number and Rate of Gun Deaths in 90 Countries (Número e taxas de mortalidade por AF segundo causa básica em 90 países do mundo).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11896)Full Citation
- 18.
-
2014.‘Country Profiles on Crime and Violence: Panama.’ Crime and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Regional Country Profiles.Buenos Aires:Asociación para Políticas Públicas (APP) and Action on Armed Violence,1 January. (Q11452)Full Citation
- 19.
-
2005.‘Global Gun Deaths.’ NISAT Firearm Mortality Database 2005.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 January. (Q12)Full Citation
- 20.
-
2019.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2018.’ Homicide Monitor.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,28 June. (Q13953)Full Citation
- 21.
-
2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Panama.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6343)Full Citation
- 22.
-
2017.‘Intentional Homicide Victims by Sex.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:UNODC,19 May. (Q13356)Full Citation
- 23.
-
2011.‘Intentional Homicide.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5678)Full Citation
- 24.
-
2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Panama.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11118)Full Citation
- 25.
-
2014.‘Homicides and Gun Homicides in Panama.’ Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),10 April. (Q10175)Full Citation
- 26.
-
2014.‘Country Profile: Panama.’ Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014.Geneva:World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),10 December. (Q9436)Full Citation
- 27.
-
2018.‘Violent Death Estimates by Country.’ Disease Burden and Mortality Estimates: Cause-Specific Mortality, 2000–2016.Geneva:World Health Organization,1 January. (Q14136)Full Citation
- 28.
-
2012.‘Suicide 2000-2009.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9206)Full Citation
- 29.
-
2011.‘Suicide.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5680)Full Citation
- 30.
-
2011.‘Repair Facilities (Establecimientos de reparación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10408)Full Citation
- 31.
-
2011.‘Security Measures (Medidas de seguridad).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10409)Full Citation
- 32.
-
2011.‘Repair Requirements (Requisitos para la reparación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10410)Full Citation
- 33.
-
2011.‘Prohibited Modifications (Prohibición de modificación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10411)Full Citation
- 34.
-
2011.‘Grounds for Denial of the Request - Repair Shops (Causales de denegación de la solicitud).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10412)Full Citation
- 35.
-
2012.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,28 March. (Q10484)Full Citation
- 36.
-
2011.‘Functions of DIASP (Funciones de la DIASP).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10379)Full Citation
- 37.
-
2011.‘Import Licence and Prohibited Re-export (Licencia de importación y prohibición de exportación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10403)Full Citation
- 38.
-
2014.‘International Transfers (Transferencias internacionales).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10477)Full Citation
- 39.
-
2014.‘Record Keeping (Registro).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10479)Full Citation
- 40.
-
2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q82)Full Citation
- 41.
-
2017.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports and Imports.’ Arms Trade Treaty Annual Report.Geneva:Arms Trade Treaty Secretariat,1 January. (Q13951)Full Citation
- 42.
-
2014.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,22 December. (Q16)Full Citation
- 43.
-
2015.‘Ban on Firearm Imports Extended.’ Resolution No. 087/DIASP/15 (Resuelto No. 087/DIASP/15).Panama:Official Gazette of the Republic of Panama,5 June. (Q10525)Full Citation
- 44.
-
CentralAmericaData.com. 2015. ‘Ban on Arms Imports Maintained.’ 9 July. (N381) Full Citation
- 45.
-
2011.‘General Requirements (Requisitos generales).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10404)Full Citation
- 46.
-
2011.‘Advertising Restrictions (Restricción de publicidad).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10375)Full Citation
- 47.
-
2014.‘Marking at Import (Marcaje de importación).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10478)Full Citation
- 48.
-
2012.‘How Is the Trafficking Conducted?.’ Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean: A Threat Assessment.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 September. (Q11644)Full Citation
- 49.
-
2011.‘Special Licence for Brokering (Licencia especial para actividades de intermediación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10405)Full Citation
- 50.
-
2014.‘Brokering (Intermediación).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10480)Full Citation
- 51.
-
1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation
- 52.
-
2011.‘Object (Objectivo).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10370)Full Citation
- 53.
-
2011.‘Authority in Charge of the Implementation (Autoridad responsable de la aplicación).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10371)Full Citation
- 54.
-
2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation
- 55.
-
2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation
- 56.
-
2011.‘Additional Prohibitions (Prohibiciones adicionales ).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10376)Full Citation
- 57.
-
2011.‘Prohibited Firearms and Ammunition (Armas de fuego y municiones prohibidas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10373)Full Citation
- 58.
-
2011.‘Classification of Firearms (Clasificación de las armas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10377)Full Citation
- 59.
-
2011.‘Possession (Tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10390)Full Citation
- 60.
-
2011.‘Certificate of Possession (Certificado de tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10391)Full Citation
- 61.
-
2011.‘Firearm Possession Certificate (Certificado de tenencia de arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10394)Full Citation
- 62.
-
2011.‘Possession and Carrying (Tenencia y porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10372)Full Citation
- 63.
-
2011.‘Authorisation Granted by Licences (Autorización por licencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10399)Full Citation
- 64.
-
2011.‘Firearm Transfer (Cesión del arma de fuego).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10401)Full Citation
- 65.
-
2011.‘Reloading Ammunition (Recarga de municiones).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10402)Full Citation
- 66.
-
2011.‘Ban on Carrying and Possession (Prohibición de porte y tenencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10374)Full Citation
- 67.
-
2011.‘Requirements - Carry (Requisitos - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10397)Full Citation
- 68.
-
2011.‘Requirements (Requisitos).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10392)Full Citation
- 69.
-
2011.‘Object (Objectivo).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q12034)Full Citation
- 70.
-
2011.‘Validity (Vigencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10395)Full Citation
- 71.
-
2011.‘Validity - Carry (Vigencia - Porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10398)Full Citation
- 72.
-
2011.‘Firearms Registry (Registro de armas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10380)Full Citation
- 73.
-
2011.‘Confidentiality of Information (Confidencialidad de la información).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10381)Full Citation
- 74.
-
2011.‘Organisation of the Registry (Organización del Registro).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10378)Full Citation
- 75.
-
2014.‘Record-keeping (Registro).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).Panama:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10531)Full Citation
- 76.
-
2008.‘Illicit Trade in Small Arms.’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,28 March. (Q4755)Full Citation
- 77.
-
2011.‘Sales Report (Informe de ventas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10384)Full Citation
- 78.
-
2011.‘Obligations of the Seller (Obligaciones del vendedor).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10388)Full Citation
- 79.
-
2014.‘Stockpile Management (Gestion de las existencias).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10481)Full Citation
- 80.
-
2014.‘Surplus (Excedentes).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10482)Full Citation
- 81.
-
2010.‘Marking, Registration and Tracing (Marcado, Mantenimiento de Registros y Localización).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4754)Full Citation
- 82.
-
2011.‘Sale between Individuals (Compraventa entre particulares).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10387)Full Citation
- 83.
-
2011.‘Prohibited Transfers (Prohibición de transferencias).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10389)Full Citation
- 84.
-
2011.‘Certified Dealer (Certificación como comerciante distribuidor).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10383)Full Citation
- 85.
-
2011.‘Requirements to Purchase Firearms (Requisitos para la compra de armas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10385)Full Citation
- 86.
-
2011.‘Authorisation to Deliver (Autorización de entrega).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10386)Full Citation
- 87.
-
2011.‘Licence Extension (Extensión de la licencia).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10406)Full Citation
- 88.
-
2011.‘Compliance with Security Measures (Cumplimiento de medidas de seguridad).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10407)Full Citation
- 89.
-
2011.‘Licence to Carry (Licencia de porte).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10396)Full Citation
- 90.
-
2011.‘Exclusive Use for Individuals (Uso exclusivo de personas naturales).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10400)Full Citation
- 91.
-
2011.‘Carrying - Concept (Porte - Concepto).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10393)Full Citation
- 92.
-
GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Penalty for Unlawful Firearm Possession.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 22 January. (G93) Full Citation - 93.
-
2011.‘Very Serious Offences (Infracciones gravísimas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10413)Full Citation
- 94.
-
2011.‘Serious Offences (Infracciones graves).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10414)Full Citation
- 95.
-
2011.‘Minor Offences (Infracciones leves).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10415)Full Citation
- 96.
-
2007.‘Central American Programme on Small Arms Control.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Central American Integration System / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,1 January. (Q3221)Full Citation
- 97.
-
1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials / CIFTA.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Organization of American States / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 November. (Q3244)Full Citation
- 98.
-
1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA): Signatures and Ratifications.’ Organization of American States, Department of International Law.Washington, DC:Organization of American States,14 November. (Q3262)Full Citation
- 99.
-
2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
- 100.
-
2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
- 101.
-
2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
- 102.
-
2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
- 103.
-
2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
- 104.
-
2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
- 105.
-
2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
- 106.
-
2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
- 107.
-
2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
- 108.
-
2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation
- 109.
-
2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation
- 110.
-
2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation
- 111.
-
2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation
- 112.
-
1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation
- 113.
-
2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation
- 114.
-
2011.‘Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Entrega voluntaria de armas).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10418)Full Citation
- 115.
-
2010.‘Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (Disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR)).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,1 June. (Q10420)Full Citation
- 116.
-
2003.‘Panama.’ Small Arms Control in Latin America: Monitoring the Implementation of Small Arms Control Projects (MISAC).London:International Alert, Security and Peacebuilding Programme,1 March. (Q5564)Full Citation
- 117.
-
2012.‘Collection.’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,28 March. (Q10486)Full Citation
- 118.
-
2014.‘Number of SALW Collected (Número de armas pequeñas y ligeras recogidas).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,3 November. (Q10483)Full Citation
- 119.
-
2020.‘Arms Seized, Found, and Surrendered, by Type.’ Illicit Arms Flows Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,7 January. (Q14056)Full Citation
- 120.
-
2015.‘Number of Firearms Reported Seized by Police, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10542)Full Citation
- 121.
-
2012.‘Confiscation, Seizure & Collection.’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,28 March. (Q10485)Full Citation
- 122.
-
2013.‘Firearms Seized per Country in 2011-2012 (Total de Armas Incautadas por País 2011-2012).’ Number of Seized Firearms and Ammunition 2009-2013.Managua:Programa Centroamericano para el Control de Armas Pequeñas y Ligeras (CASAC),31 December. (Q11837)Full Citation
- 123.
-
2013.‘Firearms and Ammunition Seized in 2009 (Número de armas y municiones incautadas 2009).’ Number of Seized Firearms and Ammunition 2009-2013.Managua:Programa Centroamericano para el Control de Armas Pequeñas y Ligeras (CASAC),31 December. (Q11835)Full Citation
- 124.
-
2010.‘Seized and Destroyed Arms (Armas Decomisadas y Destruidas).’ IX Seminar: Control of Arms Transfers and Trafficking - Compilation (IX Seminario: Control del Tráfico y Transferencia de Armas de Fuego - Sistematización).Santa Marta:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime / UNODC,25 February. (Q5508)Full Citation
- 125.
-
2006.‘Seized Firearms (Decomiso de Armas).’ The Problem of Illegal Arms in Central America (El problema de las Armas Ilegales en Centroamérica).Guatemala City:REDCEPAZ (Red Centroamericana para la Construcción de la Paz y la Seguridad Humana),1 March. (Q5509)Full Citation
- 126.
-
2003.‘Firearms in Panama (Armas de Fuego en Panamá).’ Report of the Binational Workshop Costa Rica - Panama: Traffic and Control of Firearms (Memoria Taller Binacional Costa Rica - Panamá, Tráfico y Control de Armas de Fuego).San Jose:International Alert,11 March. (Q5560)Full Citation
- 127.
-
2010.‘Seizure and Destruction (Incautación y Eliminacíon).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,1 June. (Q5665)Full Citation
- 128.
-
2010.‘Seizure and Destruction (Incautación y Eliminacíon).’ National Report of Panama on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Panama to the United Nations,1 June. (Q10422)Full Citation
- 129.
-
2011.‘Data Bank (Banco de datos).’ Act No. 57 on Firearms, Ammunition and Related Materials (Ley Nº 57 general de armas de fuego, municiones y materiales relacionados).Panama:National Assembly of the Republic of Panama,27 May. (Q10382)Full Citation
