Find Gun Policy Facts

Armed violence prevention, gun control laws and the small arms trade:

Mexico — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

Number of Privately Owned Firearms

ChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Mexico is

2017: 1,680,9001
2012: 3,742,310
2010: 15,000,000{q8972 }2 3 2 4
2009: 2,440,4993 2 5 6
2007: 14,761,652
2006: 3,389,077
2005: 15,500,0007 2
2004: 1,793,1858 6 5 2
:

Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

ChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Mexico is

2017: 1.359
2012: 3.18
2010: 13.13
2009: 2.17
2007: 13.5
2006: 3.14
2005: 14.54
2004: 1.7
:

Number of Privately Owned Rifles

In Mexico, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 2,090,11210

Number of Privately Owned Shotguns

In Mexico, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 2,090,15910

Number of Privately Owned Handguns

In Mexico, the number of handguns in civilian possession is reported to be 9,456,52510

Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Mexico ranked at No. 711

Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of privately owned guns in 206 countries, Mexico ranked at No.5411

Proportion of Households with Firearms

In Mexico, the percentage of households with one or more guns is reported to be

2005: 0.0%12

Proportion of Households with Handguns

In Mexico, the percentage of households with one or more handguns is reported to be

2005: 2.8%12

Number of Registered Firearms

ChartThe number of registered guns in Mexico is reported to be

2017: 3,118,5921
2012: 3,118,59213
2010: 2,824,2314
2009: 2,033,74913
2007: 12,301,37710
2006: 2,824,23114
2005: 4,490,00024 7
2004: 1,494,321
:

Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

ChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Mexico is

2017: 2.59
2012: 2.65
2010: 2.47
2009: 1.81
2007: 11.25
2006: 2.62
2005: 4.21
2004: 1.42

Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms

ChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Mexico there are estimated to be

2017: 13,690,4081
2012: 623,7186 5 2 8
2010: 564,8463 2 4
2009: 406,750
2007: 2,460,275
2006: 564,846
2005: 10,000,0004
2004: 298,8648 6 5 2
:

Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 Population

ChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Mexico the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be

2012: 0.532 9
2009: 0.36
2007: 0.43
2006: 0.52
2005: 9.38
2004: 0.28

Government Guns

Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Mexico are reported to have 895,28515 firearms

Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Mexico are reported to have 591,00016 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2017: 23,34417
2016: 17,229
2015: 14,008
2014: 12,927
2013: 15,354
2012: 17,793
2011: 19,981
2010: 19,701
2009: 13,939
2008: 10,386
2007: 6,424
2006: 6,919
2005: 6,333
2004: 6,101
2003: 6,443
2002: 6,620
2001: 6,773
2000: 6,931
1999: 8,253
1998: 9,272

Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2017: 18.9517
2016: 14.15
2015: 11.65
2014: 10.88
2013: 13.09
2012: 15.38
2011: 17.52
2010: 17.52
2009: 12.58
2008: 9.50
2007: 5.95
2006: 6.49
2005: 6.02
2004: 5.88
2003: 6.29
2002: 6.46
2001: 6.70
2000: 6.95
1999: 8.38
1998: 9.55

Total Number of Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total

2017: 21,43817
2016: 15,779
2015: 12,867
2014: 11,902
2013: 14,100
2012: 16,376
2011: 18,427
2010: 18,260
2009: 13,027
2008: 9,743
2007: 5,880
2006: 6,385
2005: 5,784
2004: 5,619
2003: 5,891
2001: 6,178
2000: 6,368

Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is

2017: 35.4917
2016: 26.42
2015: 21.80
2014: 20.41
2013: 24.49
2012: 28.84
2011: 32.92
2010: 33.10
2009: 23.95
2008: 18.15
2007: 11.10
2006: 12.20
2005: 11.19
2004: 11
2003: 11.68
2001: 12.41
2000: 12.96

Total Number of Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total

2017: 1,87717
2016: 1,425
2015: 1,117
2014: 1,001
2013: 1,211
2012: 1,363
2011: 1,490
2010: 1,418
2009: 898
2008: 639
2007: 542
2006: 534
2005: 543
2004: 478
2003: 543
2001: 592
2000: 559

Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is

2017: 2.9917
2016: 2.30
2015: 1.82
2014: 1.65
2013: 2.03
2012: 2.31
2011: 2.57
2010: 2.48
2009: 1.59
2008: 1.15
2007: 0.99
2006: 0.98
2005: 1.01
2004: 0.91
2003: 1.04
2001: 1.15
2000: 1.10

Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual homicides by any means total

2021: 33,30818
2020: 36,57919
2019: 36,661
2018: 36,685
2017: 32,079
2016: 24,559
2015: 20,762
2014: 20,010
2013: 23,063
2012: 25,967
2011: 27,213
2010: 25,757
2009: 19,803
2008: 14,006
2007: 8,867
2006: 10,452
2005: 9,921
2004: 9,329
2003: 10,087
2002: 10,088
2001: 10,285
2000: 10,737
1999: 12,24920 21 22 23
1998: 13,656
1997: 13,552
1996: 14,505
1995: 15,612
1994: 15,84422
1993: 16,056
1992: 16,605
1991: 15,143
1990: 14,520

Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2021: 26.0018
2020: 28.3719
2019: 28.74
2018: 29.07
2017: 25.71
2016: 19.91
2015: 17.04
2014: 16.63
2013: 19.41
2012: 22.14
2011: 23.52
2010: 22.58
2009: 17.61
2008: 12.64
2007: 8.12
2006: 9.72
2005: 9.36
2004: 8.93
2003: 9.79
2002: 9.92
2001: 10.25
2000: 10.86
1999: 12.4424 21
1998: 14.06
1997: 14.16
1996: 15.41
1995: 16.86
1994: 17.5825
1993: 17.9524
1992: 18.91
1991: 17.57
1990: 17.16

Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual male homicides by any means total

2018: 30,10126
2017: 25,892
2016: 19,950
2015: 15,135
2014: 16,684
2013: 19,134
2012: 21,908
2011: 23,328
2010: 22,463
2009: 17,051
2008: 12,633
2007: 7,404

Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2020: 51.2719
2019: 52.13
2018: 53.09
2017: 46.74
2016: 35.93
2015: 30.70
2014: 29.88
2013: 35.10
2012: 40.40
2011: 43.27
2010: 41.80
2009: 30.90
2008: 23.22
2007: 13.80

Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual female homicides by any means total

2018: 2,74626
2017: 2,537
2016: 2,205
2015: 1,737
2014: 2,289
2013: 2,502
2012: 2,630
2011: 2,590
2010: 2,314
2009: 1,834
2008: 1,421
2007: 1,045

Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2018: 4.2826
2017: 4
2016: 3.51
2015: 2.80
2014: 3.74
2013: 4.13
2012: 4.40
2011: 4.40
2010: 3.98
2009: 3.20
2008: 2.52
2007: 1.88

Gun Homicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual firearm homicides total

2020: 25,63519
2019: 25,867
2018: 25,699
2017: 21,917
2016: 15,926
2015: 12,801
2014: 11,944
2013: 14,530
2012: 16,734
2011: 18,433
2010: 18,217
2009: 12,265
2008: 8,837
2007: 4,779
2006: 5,73520 27 21 28 29
2005: 5,102
2004: 4,73220 21 28
2003: 5,129
2002: 5,21120 21 28 30
2001: 5,371
2000: 5,45220 21 28 31
1999: 6,53420 21 31
1998: 7,393
1997: 7,58220 21
1996: 8,28520
1995: 9,035

Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2020: 19.8819
2019: 20.28
2018: 20.37
2017: 17.56
2016: 12.91
2015: 10.50
2014: 9.92
2013: 11.90
2012: 13.80
2011: 15.50
2010: 15.50
2009: 10.91
2008: 7.97
2007: 4.37
2006: 5.31
2005: 4.79
2004: 4.50
2003: 4.94
2002: 5.09
2001: 5.31
2000: 5.46
1999: 6.6424 21 31
1998: 7.61
1997: 7.9324 21
1996: 8.8024
1995: 9.76
1994: 9.8832

Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

ChartIn Mexico, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2015: 61.7%33
2013: 50.2%34
2012: 64%35
2011: 68%35 27 36
2010: 71%35 27 37
2009: 55%27
2008: 39%
2007: 39%
2006: 31%
2005: 29%
2004: 24.5%21
2003: 23.7%
2002: 19.8%
2001: 25.3%
2000: 26.0%
1999: 60.1%
1998: 46.2%
1997: 29.9%

Male Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual male firearm homicides total

2017: 19,60319
2016: 14,551
2015: 11,875
2014: 11,100
2013: 13,379
2012: 15,457
2011: 17,066
2010: 16,905
2009: 11,489
2008: 8,316
2007: 4,406

Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 30.5019
2016: 22.90
2015: 18.90
2014: 17.88
2013: 21.90
2012: 25.70
2011: 28.80
2010: 29
2009: 20.82
2008: 15.29
2007: 8.21

Female Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual female firearm homicides total

2017: 1,69819
2016: 1,349
2015: 1,037
2014: 935
2013: 1,151
2012: 1,278
2011: 1,367
2010: 1,313
2009: 763
2008: 517
2007: 372

Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 2.6019
2016: 2.10
2015: 1.6117
2014: 1.45
2013: 1.90
2012: 2.10
2011: 2.30
2010: 2.18
2009: 1.33
2008: 0.92
2007: 0.67

Handgun Homicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual handgun homicides total

2015: 14720
2014: 83
2013: 79
2012: 86
2011: 61
2010: 30
2009: 56
2008: 39
2007: 12
2006: 7
2005: 5
2004: 4
2003: 14
2002: 14
2001: 8
2000: 14
1999: 31
1998: 35
1997: 39
1996: 15
1995: 23

Rate of Handgun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of handgun homicide per 100,000 population is

2015: 0.1224
2014: 0.07
2013: 0.07
2012: 0.07
2011: 0.05
2010: 0.03
2009: 0.05
2008: 0.04
2007: 0.01
2006: 0.01
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.00
2003: 0.01
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.01
2000: 0.01
1999: 0.03
1998: 0.04
1997: 0.04
1996: 0.02
1995: 0.03

Long Gun Homicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual long gun homicides total

2015: 6020
2014: 102
2013: 107
2012: 120
2011: 122
2010: 74
2009: 78
2008: 108
2007: 39
2006: 44
2005: 55
2004: 53
2003: 47
2002: 63
2001: 48
2000: 56
1999: 80
1998: 108
1997: 91
1996: 94
1995: 101

Rate of Long Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of long gun homicide per 100,000 population is

2015: 0.0524
2014: 0.08
2013: 0.09
2012: 0.10
2011: 0.11
2010: 0.07
2009: 0.07
2008: 0.10
2007: 0.04
2006: 0.04
2005: 0.05
2004: 0.05
2003: 0.05
2002: 0.06
2001: 0.05
2000: 0.06
1999: 0.08
1998: 0.11
1997: 0.10
1996: 0.10
1995: 0.11

Gun Homicides (Other)

ChartIn Mexico, annual gun homicides (other) total

2015: 7,38920
2014: 11,759
2013: 14,216
2012: 16,452
2011: 18,215
2010: 18,093
2009: 12,677
2008: 8,640
2007: 4,982
2006: 5,684
2005: 5,042
2004: 4,675
2003: 5,068
2002: 5,134
2001: 5,315
2000: 5,382
1999: 6,423
1998: 7,250
1997: 7,452
1996: 8,176
1995: 8,911

Rate of Gun Homicide (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of gun homicide (other) per 100,000 population is

2015: 6.0724
2014: 9.78
2013: 11.96
2012: 14.03
2011: 15.74
2010: 15.86
2009: 11.28
2008: 7.79
2007: 4.56
2006: 5.27
2005: 4.73
2004: 4.44
2003: 4.88
2002: 5.01
2001: 5.26
2000: 5.39
1999: 6.52
1998: 7.46
1997: 7.79
1996: 8.69
1995: 9.62

Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual suicides by any means total

2017: 7,00617
2016: 6,776
2015: 6,847
2014: 6,736
2013: 6,309
2012: 5,919
2011: 6,182
2010: 5,434
2009: 5,677
2008: 5,250
2007: 4,842
2006: 4,857
2005: 4,900
2004: 4,750
2003: 4,776
2002: 3,871
2001: 4,498
2000: 4,168
1999: 3,33938
1998: 3,342

Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2019: 017
2018: 0
2017: 5.62
2016: 5.50
2015: 5.62
2014: 5.60
2013: 5.31
2012: 5.05
2011: 5.34
2010: 4.76
2009: 5.05
2008: 4.74
2007: 4.43
2006: 4.50
2005: 4.60
2004: 4.51
2003: 4.60
2002: 3.78
2001: 4.45
2000: 4.18
1999: 3.3924
1998: 3.44
1994: 2.8939

Male Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual male suicides by any means total

2017: 5,73917
2016: 5,566
2015: 5,541
2014: 5,469
2013: 5,212
2012: 4,814
2011: 5,069
2010: 4,493
2009: 4,657
2008: 4,348
2007: 4,021
2006: 4,086
2005: 4,086
2004: 4,005
2003: 4,015
2001: 3,727
2000: 3,550

Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2017: 9.4017
2016: 9.21
2015: 9.28
2014: 9.27
2013: 8.94
2012: 8.36
2011: 8.93
2010: 8.03
2009: 8.44
2008: 7.99
2007: 7.49
2006: 7.71
2005: 7.81
2004: 7.74
2003: 7.86
2001: 7.49
2000: 7.23

Female Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual female suicides by any means total

2017: 1,26517
2016: 1,208
2015: 1,303
2014: 1,267
2013: 1,094
2012: 1,104
2011: 1,111
2010: 941
2009: 1,020
2008: 902
2007: 820
2006: 770
2005: 814
2004: 741
2003: 760
2001: 771
2000: 618

Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2017: 1.9917
2016: 1.92
2015: 2.10
2014: 2.07
2013: 1.81
2012: 1.85
2011: 1.89
2010: 1.62
2009: 1.78
2008: 1.60
2007: 1.47
2006: 1.40
2005: 1.50
2004: 1.38
2003: 1.44
2001: 1.50
2000: 1.22

Gun Suicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual firearm suicides total

2017: 51217
2016: 485
2015: 562
2014: 521
2013: 555
2012: 509
2011: 578
2010: 535
2009: 618
2008: 582
2007: 533
2006: 590
2005: 594
2004: 654
2003: 687
2002: 683
2001: 714
2000: 69338
1999: 731
1998: 728

Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.4217
2016: 0.40
2015: 0.47
2014: 0.44
2013: 0.47
2012: 0.44
2011: 0.51
2010: 0.48
2009: 0.56
2008: 0.53
2007: 0.49
2006: 0.55
2005: 0.56
2004: 0.63
2003: 0.67
2002: 0.67
2001: 0.71
2000: 0.69
1999: 0.74
1998: 0.75
1994: 0.9140

Male Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual male firearm suicides total

2017: 46017
2016: 450
2015: 510
2014: 485
2013: 511
2012: 457
2011: 543
2010: 497
2009: 570
2008: 541
2007: 475
2006: 533
2005: 515
2004: 591
2003: 625
2001: 617
2000: 613

Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.7517
2016: 0.74
2015: 0.85
2014: 0.82
2013: 0.88
2012: 0.79
2011: 0.96
2010: 0.89
2009: 1.03
2008: 0.99
2007: 0.89
2006: 1.01
2005: 0.98
2004: 1.14
2003: 1.22
2001: 1.24
2000: 1.25

Female Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual female firearm suicides total

2017: 5217
2016: 35
2015: 52
2014: 36
2013: 44
2012: 52
2011: 35
2010: 38
2009: 48
2008: 41
2007: 58
2006: 57
2005: 79
2004: 63
2003: 62
2001: 97
2000: 80

Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.0817
2016: 0.06
2015: 0.08
2014: 0.06
2013: 0.07
2012: 0.09
2011: 0.06
2010: 0.07
2009: 0.08
2008: 0.07
2007: 0.10
2006: 0.10
2005: 0.15
2004: 0.12
2003: 0.12
2001: 0.19
2000: 0.16

Handgun Suicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual handgun suicides total

2014: 1438
2013: 9
2012: 7
2011: 10
2010: 12
2009: 12
2008: 8
2007: 11
2006: 7
2005: 7
2004: 5
2003: 4
2002: 7
2001: 4
2000: 6
1999: 8
1998: 11

Rate of Handgun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of handgun suicide per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0124
2013: 0.01
2012: 0.01
2011: 0.01
2010: 0.01
2009: 0.01
2008: 0.01
2007: 0.01
2006: 0.01
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.01
2003: 0.00
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.00
2000: 0.01
1999: 0.01
1998: 0.01

Long Gun Suicides

ChartIn Mexico, the number of long gun suicides is

2014: 1638
2013: 20
2012: 16
2011: 17
2010: 17
2009: 12
2008: 12
2007: 10
2006: 19
2005: 14
2004: 15
2003: 13
2002: 16
2001: 16
2000: 14
1999: 8
1998: 6

Rate of Long Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of long gun suicide per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0124
2013: 0.02
2012: 0.01
2011: 0.02
2010: 0.02
2009: 0.01
2008: 0.01
2007: 0.01
2006: 0.02
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.01
2003: 0.01
2002: 0.02
2001: 0.02
2000: 0.01
1999: 0.01
1998: 0.01

Gun Suicides (Other)

ChartIn Mexico, annual gun suicides (other) total

2014: 49938
2013: 545
2012: 501
2011: 568
2010: 518
2009: 614
2008: 567
2007: 523
2006: 565
2005: 576
2004: 640
2003: 674
2002: 660
2001: 700
2000: 673
1999: 715
1998: 711

Rate of Gun Suicide (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of gun suicide (other) per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.4124
2013: 0.46
2012: 0.43
2011: 0.49
2010: 0.45
2009: 0.55
2008: 0.51
2007: 0.48
2006: 0.52
2005: 0.54
2004: 0.61
2003: 0.65
2002: 0.64
2001: 0.69
2000: 0.67
1999: 0.73
1998: 0.73

Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2017: 48617
2016: 581
2015: 572
2014: 405
2013: 515
2012: 442
2011: 239
2010: 584
2009: 403
2008: 542
2007: 655
2006: 265
2005: 266
2004: 365
2003: 383
2002: 371
2001: 484
2000: 47741
1999: 568
1998: 714

Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.3917
2016: 0.47
2015: 0.47
2014: 0.34
2013: 0.43
2012: 0.38
2011: 0.21
2010: 0.51
2009: 0.36
2008: 0.49
2007: 0.60
2006: 0.25
2005: 0.25
2004: 0.35
2003: 0.37
2002: 0.36
2001: 0.48
2000: 0.48
1999: 0.58
1998: 0.74
1994: 1.2742

Unintentional Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total

2017: 44717
2016: 552
2015: 533
2014: 363
2013: 474
2012: 406
2011: 219
2010: 539
2009: 370
2008: 499
2007: 592
2006: 238
2005: 238
2004: 329
2003: 351
2001: 440
2000: 426

Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.7317
2016: 0.91
2015: 0.89
2014: 0.62
2013: 0.81
2012: 0.71
2011: 0.39
2010: 0.96
2009: 0.67
2008: 0.92
2007: 1.10
2006: 0.45
2005: 0.45
2004: 0.64
2003: 0.69
2001: 0.88
2000: 0.87

Unintentional Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total

2017: 3917
2016: 28
2015: 38
2014: 40
2013: 40
2012: 34
2011: 19
2010: 44
2009: 33
2008: 43
2007: 62
2006: 27
2005: 28
2004: 36
2003: 30
2001: 44
2000: 51

Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.0617
2016: 0.04
2015: 0.06
2014: 0.07
2013: 0.07
2012: 0.06
2011: 0.03
2010: 0.08
2009: 0.06
2008: 0.08
2007: 0.11
2006: 0.05
2005: 0.05
2004: 0.07
2003: 0.06
2001: 0.09
2000: 0.10

Unintentional Handgun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional shooting deaths by handgun total

2014: 341
2013: 1
2012: 4
2011: 1
2010: 1
2009: 3
2008: 3
2007: 2
2006: 1
2005: 2
2004: 2
2003: 0
2002: 1
2001: 1
2000: 3
1999: 5
1998: 7

Rate of Unintentional Handgun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by handgun per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0024
2013: 0.00
2012: 0.00
2011: 0.00
2010: 0.00
2009: 0.00
2008: 0.00
2007: 0.00
2006: 0.00
2005: 0.00
2004: 0.00
2003: 0.00
2002: 0.00
2001: 0.00
2000: 0.00
1999: 0.01
1998: 0.01

Unintentional Long Gun Deaths

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional shooting deaths by long gun total

2014: 2141
2013: 14
2012: 14
2011: 8
2010: 11
2009: 15
2008: 14
2007: 11
2006: 15
2005: 15
2004: 12
2003: 13
2002: 17
2001: 11
2000: 20
1999: 27
1998: 17

Rate of Unintentional Long Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by long gun per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0224
2013: 0.01
2012: 0.01
2011: 0.01
2010: 0.01
2009: 0.01
2008: 0.01
2007: 0.01
2006: 0.01
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.01
2003: 0.01
2002: 0.02
2001: 0.01
2000: 0.02
1999: 0.02
1998: 0.02

Unintentional Gun Deaths (Other)

ChartIn Mexico, annual unintentional shooting deaths by firearm (other) total

2014: 45741
2013: 563
2012: 473
2011: 256
2010: 618
2009: 438
2008: 539
2007: 688
2006: 249
2005: 254
2004: 352
2003: 380
2002: 353
2001: 489
2000: 454
1999: 536
1998: 690

Rate of Unintentional Gun Death (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by firearm (other) per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.3824
2013: 0.47
2012: 0.40
2011: 0.22
2010: 0.54
2009: 0.39
2008: 0.49
2007: 0.63
2006: 0.23
2005: 0.24
2004: 0.33
2003: 0.37
2002: 0.34
2001: 0.48
2000: 0.46
1999: 0.54
1998: 0.71

Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2017: 80017
2016: 500
2015: 435
2014: 508
2013: 526
2012: 865
2011: 1,478
2010: 1,048
2009: 699
2008: 486
2007: 473
2006: 397
2005: 443
2004: 418
2003: 310
2002: 355
2001: 297
2000: 329
1999: 420
1998: 437

Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2019: 017
2018: 0
2017: 0.64
2016: 0.41
2015: 0.36
2014: 0.42
2013: 0.44
2012: 0.74
2011: 1.28
2010: 0.92
2009: 0.62
2008: 0.44
2007: 0.43
2006: 0.37
2005: 0.42
2004: 0.40
2003: 0.30
2002: 0.35
2001: 0.29
2000: 0.33
1999: 0.43
1998: 0.45

Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2017: 72717
2016: 460
2015: 40017
2014: 46917
2013: 483
2012: 801
2011: 1,343
2010: 973
2009: 644
2008: 448
2007: 423
2006: 354
2005: 405
2004: 380
2003: 279
2001: 259
2000: 292

Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2017: 1.1917
2016: 0.76
2015: 0.67
2014: 0.79
2013: 0.83
2012: 1.39
2011: 2.37
2010: 1.74
2009: 1.17
2008: 0.82
2007: 0.79
2006: 0.67
2005: 0.77
2004: 0.73
2003: 0.55
2001: 0.52
2000: 0.59

Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2017: 7117
2016: 39
2015: 35
2014: 37
2013: 41
2012: 62
2011: 127
2010: 73
2009: 54
2008: 38
2007: 50
2006: 43
2005: 38
2004: 37
2003: 30
2001: 38
2000: 37

Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2017: 0.1117
2016: 0.06
2015: 0.06
2014: 0.06
2013: 0.07
2012: 0.10
2011: 0.22
2010: 0.13
2009: 0.09
2008: 0.07
2007: 0.09
2006: 0.08
2005: 0.07
2004: 0.07
2003: 0.06
2001: 0.07
2000: 0.07

Handgun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual deaths by handgun in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 243
2013: 0
2012: 2
2011: 2
2010: 5
2009: 1
2008: 0
2007: 3
2006: 3
2005: 6
2004: 1
2003: 4
2002: 8
2001: 5
2000: 3
1999: 1
1998: 33

Rate of Handgun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause handgun deaths per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0024
2013: 0.00
2012: 0.00
2011: 0.00
2010: 0.00
2009: 0.00
2008: 0.00
2007: 0.00
2006: 0.00
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.00
2003: 0.00
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.01
2000: 0.00
1999: 0.00
1998: 0.03

Long Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual deaths by long gun in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 243
2013: 1
2012: 3
2011: 4
2010: 2
2009: 4
2008: 2
2007: 1
2006: 3
2005: 3
2004: 3
2003: 4
2002: 5
2001: 3
2000: 6
1999: 6
1998: 5

Rate of Long Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause long gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.0024
2013: 0.00
2012: 0.00
2011: 0.00
2010: 0.00
2009: 0.00
2008: 0.00
2007: 0.00
2006: 0.00
2005: 0.00
2004: 0.00
2003: 0.00
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.00
2000: 0.01
1999: 0.01
1998: 0.01

Gun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Mexico, annual deaths by firearm (other) in which the cause remains undecided total

2014: 54743
2013: 564
2012: 920
2011: 1,606
2010: 1,110
2009: 751
2008: 502
2007: 505
2006: 392
2005: 440
2004: 415
2003: 302
2002: 342
2001: 290
2000: 320
1999: 413
1998: 399

Rate of Gun Death (Other) from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of unknown-cause gun deaths (other) per 100,000 population is

2014: 0.4524
2013: 0.47
2012: 0.78
2011: 1.39
2010: 0.97
2009: 0.67
2008: 0.45
2007: 0.46
2006: 0.36
2005: 0.41
2004: 0.39
2003: 0.29
2002: 0.33
2001: 0.29
2000: 0.32
1999: 0.42
1998: 0.41

Legal Intervention Gun Homicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total

2015: 7317
2014: 92
2013: 112
2012: 106
2011: 43

ProductionGun Industry

Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Mexico, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52

Small Arms Manufacture - World Ranking

In a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Mexico was ranked 'small'53

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

Firearm Exports

In Mexico, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61

Firearm Exports (Number)

ChartThe annual number of firearms exported from Mexico is reported by manufacturers to be

2020: 10062
2019: 1,250
2018: 0
2017: 5,800
2016: 0
2015: 0
2010: 55063

Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

ChartThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Mexico is reported by Customs to be US$

2021: 8,793,00064
2020:
2019:
2018: 50,947,000
2017: 45,417,000
2016: 56,799,000
2015: 43,509,000
2014:
2013: 41,002,000
2012: 31,011,000
2011: 10,918,000
2010: 12,019,000
2009: 11,062,000
2008: 10,317,000
2007: 7,880,000
2006: 5,249,000
2005: 5,257,000
2004: 5,377,000
2003: 3,874,000
2002: 2,628,000

Small Arms Exports - World Ranking

In a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Mexico was categorized as 'major'65 66 67

Firearm Imports

In Mexico, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law54 68 69 56 57 47 58 59 49 60

Firearm Imports (Number)

ChartThe annual number of firearms imported to Mexico is reported to be

2020: 82,51562
2019: 55,695
2018: 39,900
2017: 35,013
2016: 39,538
2015: 46,543
2014: 49,00363
2013: 80,165
2012: 38,321
2011: 30,173
2010: 39,973
2009: 56,917
2008: 49,143
2007: 48,182
2006: 673

Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

ChartThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Mexico is reported by Customs to be US$

2021: 1,383,00070
2020: 11,645,000
2019: 8,140,000
2018: 65,201,000
2017: 40,263,000
2016: 57,496,000
2015: 78,138,000
2014: 7,619,000
2013: 66,336,000
2012: 74,144,000
2011: 42,590,000
2010: 52,306,000
2009: 44,433,000
2008: 35,685,000
2007: 30,840,000
2006: 20,198,000
2005: 17,479,000
2004: 9,777,000
2003: 15,987,000
2002: 16,346,000
:

Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Mexico is high71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88

Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Mexico, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law44 89

End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Mexico include55 90 61 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

Transparency of Small Arms Transfers

ChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Mexico scored

2020: 11.50
2019: 13.7591
2018: 11.7592
2016: 8.7593
2014: 8.2594
2013: 8.7595
2012: 9.0096
2011: 9.2597
2010: 9.2598
2009: 9.7599
2008: 9.50100
2007: 9.75101
2006: 9.50102
2005: 8.75103
2004: 8.25104

MeasuresGun Regulation

Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Mexico is categorised as restrictive105

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Mexico includes the Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of 1972 (last amended in 2015),106 the Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives,107 and Articles 160 to 163 of the Penal Code47 49

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Mexico are regulated by the Ministry of National Defence, the Ministry of the Interior108 109 110 44 and the Federal Registry of Arms111

Right to Possess Firearms

In Mexico, the right to private gun ownership is conditionally guaranteed by the Constitution,112 113 114 115 as limited by statute law116 117 118

Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Mexico, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war, including automatic firearms, sub-machine guns, machine guns, .357 Magnum revolvers and those greater than .38 calibre, handguns greater than 9mm, rifles and carbines of .223, 7mm, 7.62 and .30 calibres, or shotguns with barrels shorter than 635mm or greater than 12 gauge119 120 121

Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Mexico, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited119 120 36

Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Mexico, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted122 123 124

Regulation of Handguns

In Mexico, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted,122 123 124 with some exceptions119 36

Law Regulates Long Guns

In Mexico, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law122 123 124 36

Gun Ownership and Possession

In Mexico, only registered gun owners111 112 125 36 may lawfully acquire or possess a firearm or ammunition

Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Gun owners in Mexico are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting,126 farming,127 collection,128 personal protection, or employment112 129 130 131 47

Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Mexico is 18 years132

Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Mexico must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health, physical and addiction130 131 36 records

Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Mexico, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are required to carry pistols and revolvers47

Partner to be Advised or Interviewed

In Mexico, licensing authorities are not required133 134 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence

Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Mexico does not stipulate133 134 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

Firearm Safety Training

In Mexico, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required133 134 for a firearm licence

Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Mexico, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every two years, for carry permits135

Licensing Records

In Mexico, authorities maintain a record136 137 127 138 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Limit on Number of Guns

Firearm owners in Mexico are permitted to possess 2 firearms for legitimate defence purposes. To own more than two firearms requires special justification139

Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Firearm owners in Mexico are permitted to possess 500 cartridges in .22 calibre, 1,000 cartridges for shotguns, and 200 cartridges for other permitted firearms140 141 142 143

Firearm Registration

Civilian Gun Registration

In Mexico, the law requires109 111 144 125 127 138 145 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Mexico, licensed firearm dealers are required146 147 148 149 150 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Mexico, licensed gun makers are required146 147 148 48 151 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

State-Owned Firearm Records

In Mexico, State agencies are required111 152 125 153 154 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Mexico, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited without an extraordinary permit155 156

Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Mexico, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful44 149 47 150

Limit on Gun Dealer Sales

In Mexico, the number and type of firearms which can be sold by a licensed gun dealer to a single gun owner is limited to one firearm per transaction. To sell individuals more than one gun, dealers must have receive special permission in advance157

Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Mexico, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined133 134

Regulation of Gun Shows

In Mexico, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated133 134 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Mexico include158 159 160 126 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Mexico include161 45 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Mexico include153 162 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Mexico include163 164 165 166 167 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Carrying Guns

Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In Mexico, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law168 135 130 131 165 169 47 10 36

Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Mexico, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited165

Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Mexico, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit165

Gun Free Zones

In Mexico, private guns are prohibited in public demonstrations, celebrations, meetings and in deliberative assemblies170

Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Mexico, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm171 is three years in prison47 and seven years in prison for illegal carrying172 173

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

Organization of American States

On 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Mexico adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified174 175 by Mexico

United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

The UNCCPCJ, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, lists176 Mexico as an elected member

Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006177 by Mexico.

Arms Trade Treaty

The Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified178 by Mexico

United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified179 by Mexico

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Mexico committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects180

UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Mexico against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 2181 182 183 184 among 159 Member States

UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Mexico has submitted one or more national reports185 186 on its implementation of the UNPoA

UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Mexico, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated186

UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Mexico, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated186

UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Mexico submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent186 187

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated186 by Mexico to other UN Member States

UNPoA International Assistance – Recipient

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been provided186 to Mexico by other UN Member States

United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Mexico has declared188 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Mexico has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945189

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies list190 Mexico as a Participating State

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal Profile

About SDG 16

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part. SDG 16,191 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2). In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.

Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual homicides by any means total

2021: 33,30818
2020: 36,57919
2019: 36,661
2018: 36,685
2017: 32,079
2016: 24,559
2015: 20,762
2014: 20,010
2013: 23,063
2012: 25,967
2011: 27,213
2010: 25,757
2009: 19,803
2008: 14,006
2007: 8,867
2006: 10,452
2005: 9,921
2004: 9,329
2003: 10,087
2002: 10,088
2001: 10,285
2000: 10,737
1999: 12,24920 21 22 23
1998: 13,656
1997: 13,552
1996: 14,505
1995: 15,612
1994: 15,84422
1993: 16,056
1992: 16,605
1991: 15,143
1990: 14,520

Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2021: 26.0018
2020: 28.3719
2019: 28.74
2018: 29.07
2017: 25.71
2016: 19.91
2015: 17.04
2014: 16.63
2013: 19.41
2012: 22.14
2011: 23.52
2010: 22.58
2009: 17.61
2008: 12.64
2007: 8.12
2006: 9.72
2005: 9.36
2004: 8.93
2003: 9.79
2002: 9.92
2001: 10.25
2000: 10.86
1999: 12.4424 21
1998: 14.06
1997: 14.16
1996: 15.41
1995: 16.86
1994: 17.5825
1993: 17.9524
1992: 18.91
1991: 17.57
1990: 17.16

Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual male homicides by any means total

2018: 30,10126
2017: 25,892
2016: 19,950
2015: 15,135
2014: 16,684
2013: 19,134
2012: 21,908
2011: 23,328
2010: 22,463
2009: 17,051
2008: 12,633
2007: 7,404

Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2020: 51.2719
2019: 52.13
2018: 53.09
2017: 46.74
2016: 35.93
2015: 30.70
2014: 29.88
2013: 35.10
2012: 40.40
2011: 43.27
2010: 41.80
2009: 30.90
2008: 23.22
2007: 13.80

Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, annual female homicides by any means total

2018: 2,74626
2017: 2,537
2016: 2,205
2015: 1,737
2014: 2,289
2013: 2,502
2012: 2,630
2011: 2,590
2010: 2,314
2009: 1,834
2008: 1,421
2007: 1,045

Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2018: 4.2826
2017: 4
2016: 3.51
2015: 2.80
2014: 3.74
2013: 4.13
2012: 4.40
2011: 4.40
2010: 3.98
2009: 3.20
2008: 2.52
2007: 1.88

Gun Homicides

ChartIn Mexico, annual firearm homicides total

2020: 25,63519
2019: 25,867
2018: 25,699
2017: 21,917
2016: 15,926
2015: 12,801
2014: 11,944
2013: 14,530
2012: 16,734
2011: 18,433
2010: 18,217
2009: 12,265
2008: 8,837
2007: 4,779
2006: 5,73520 27 21 28 29
2005: 5,102
2004: 4,73220 21 28
2003: 5,129
2002: 5,21120 21 28 30
2001: 5,371
2000: 5,45220 21 28 31
1999: 6,53420 21 31
1998: 7,393
1997: 7,58220 21
1996: 8,28520
1995: 9,035

Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2020: 19.8819
2019: 20.28
2018: 20.37
2017: 17.56
2016: 12.91
2015: 10.50
2014: 9.92
2013: 11.90
2012: 13.80
2011: 15.50
2010: 15.50
2009: 10.91
2008: 7.97
2007: 4.37
2006: 5.31
2005: 4.79
2004: 4.50
2003: 4.94
2002: 5.09
2001: 5.31
2000: 5.46
1999: 6.6424 21 31
1998: 7.61
1997: 7.9324 21
1996: 8.8024
1995: 9.76
1994: 9.8832

Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

ChartIn Mexico, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2015: 61.7%33
2013: 50.2%34
2012: 64%35
2011: 68%35 27 36
2010: 71%35 27 37
2009: 55%27
2008: 39%
2007: 39%
2006: 31%
2005: 29%
2004: 24.5%21
2003: 23.7%
2002: 19.8%
2001: 25.3%
2000: 26.0%
1999: 60.1%
1998: 46.2%
1997: 29.9%

Male Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual male firearm homicides total

2017: 19,60319
2016: 14,551
2015: 11,875
2014: 11,100
2013: 13,379
2012: 15,457
2011: 17,066
2010: 16,905
2009: 11,489
2008: 8,316
2007: 4,406

Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 30.5019
2016: 22.90
2015: 18.90
2014: 17.88
2013: 21.90
2012: 25.70
2011: 28.80
2010: 29
2009: 20.82
2008: 15.29
2007: 8.21

Female Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Mexico, annual female firearm homicides total

2017: 1,69819
2016: 1,349
2015: 1,037
2014: 935
2013: 1,151
2012: 1,278
2011: 1,367
2010: 1,313
2009: 763
2008: 517
2007: 372

Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Mexico, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2017: 2.6019
2016: 2.10
2015: 1.6117
2014: 1.45
2013: 1.90
2012: 2.10
2011: 2.30
2010: 2.18
2009: 1.33
2008: 0.92
2007: 0.67

Conflict Deaths

For a profile of conflict in Mexico, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Disarmament

Authorities in Mexico are known to have192 193 194 195 196 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

Surrendered in Gun Amnesty

ChartIn Mexico, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be

2016: 75,000197
2012: 53,115198

Exchanged in Gun Buyback

ChartIn Mexico, the total number of firearms exchanged for monetary or in-kind compensation during recent gun buyback and disposal programmes is reported to be

2012: 55,590199 200
2009: 30,522201
2007: 9,524195

Firearms Surrendered and Seized

ChartIn Mexico, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2020: 19,775202
2019: 7,486
2018: 6,447
2017: 7,241
2016: 6,323
2014: 8,540203
2013: 8,759
2012: 25,803204 198 205 206 207 199 208
2011: 40,996
2010: 30,291
2009: 32,407209
2008: 27,721210
2007: 15,330195
2006/09: 38,404210

Small Arms Destroyed

ChartIn Mexico, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be

2019: 32,342211
2018: 52,199
2017: 17,769212
2016: 75,000197
2014: 69,108213
2009: 79,074196
2007: 28,302195

Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Mexico, it is state policy214 215 216 201 151 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

Marking and Tracing

Firearm Marking

In Mexico, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law217 218 219 59 48 220 221 151 222 154

Firearm Tracing

In Mexico, state authorities carry out223 221 224 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Mexico, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not originally 221 222 recorded in a register

Global Peace Index

To see where Mexico ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Mexico on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page


Short References

1.

Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation

2.

Alpers, Philip.2016.‘Gun Numbers in Mexico.’ Note from the Editor.Sydney:GunPolicy.org,31 December. (Q13248)Full Citation

3.

GunPolicy.org. 2016. ‘Number of Privately Owned Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 12 December.
(G1) Full Citation

4.

Karp, Aaron.2012.‘Country Analyses: Mexico.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q11419)Full Citation

5.

GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms and of Privately Owned Firearms - Mexico.’ Number of Registered Firearms, Mexico.Sydney:GunPolicy.org,15 December. (Q13241)Full Citation

6.

UNODC.2010.‘Value of the Global Firearms Market (Licit and Illicit).’ The Globalization of Crime: A Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment (TOCTA).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 June. (Q13189)Full Citation

7.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

8.

GunPolicy.org. 2019. ‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January.
(G14) Full Citation

9.

GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Calculated Rates - Mexico (Possession Data).’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,22 December. (Q4263)Full Citation

10.

Mexico.2007.‘Registered Firearms and Licences to Carry - Mexico, 2007.’ Information Request.Mexico City:Secretary of National Defence and National Institute on Transparency, Access to Information and Protection of Personal Data,8 May. (Q11308)Full Citation

11.

GunPolicy.org.2022.‘Calculated Ranking.’ Estimating global civilian-held firearm numbers..Geneva:GunPolicy.org,30 June. (Q15876)Full Citation

12.

van Dijk, Jan, John van Kesteren and Paul Smit.2007.‘Ownership of Firearms and Handguns in Countries and Main Cities (percentages): 1989-2005 ICVS and 2005 EU ICS.’ Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective: Key findings from the 2004-2005 ICVS and EU ICS.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime / UNODC,1 January. (Q11809)Full Citation

13.

Frontera NorteSur / Mexidata. 2014. ‘The Zooming-Upward Number of Guns Owned by Mexican Citizens.’ 7 April. (N326) Full Citation

14.

OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Legally Registered Civilian Firearms.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9208)Full Citation

15.

Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Military Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Military-Owned Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13436)Full Citation

16.

Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation

17.

WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation

18.

InSight Crime. 2022. ‘InSight Crime's 2021 Homicide Round-Up.’ 1 February. (N864) Full Citation

19.

UNODC.2020.‘Intentional Homicide Victims.’ dataunodc.un.org (web site).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q13355)Full Citation

20.

Mexico.2015.‘Homicides (1995-2015).’ INEGI - Mortality Statistics.Mexico City:Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI),31 December. (Q11309)Full Citation

21.

UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Mexico.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6346)Full Citation

22.

Polanska, Malgorzata.2009.‘Homicides by States and Regions (Homicidios por Entidad Federativa y Regiones ).’ Security and Defence Atlas of Mexico 2009 (Atlas de la Seguridad y la Defensa de México 2009).Mexico City:CASEDE - Security Analysis with Democracy Partnership (Colectivo de Análisis de la Seguridad con Democracia),1 July. (Q5507)Full Citation

23.

Mexico.2016.‘Number of Homicides (Any Method) 1997-2016.’ Number of Homicides, Kidnappings, Extortions and Vehicle Thefts 1997-2016 (Cifras de homicidio doloso, secuestro, extorsión y robo de vehículos).Mexico City:Centro Nacional de Información,20 February. (Q11775)Full Citation

24.

GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Calculated Rates - Mexico (Gun Death and Injury).’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,6 August. (Q11335)Full Citation

25.

Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1301)Full Citation

26.

Igarapé Institute.2019.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2018.’ Homicide Monitor.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,28 June. (Q13953)Full Citation

27.

UNODC.2014.‘Homicides and Gun Homicides in Mexico.’ Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),10 April. (Q10165)Full Citation

28.

OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide Committed by Firearms 2000-2010.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9210)Full Citation

29.

UNODC.2008.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Tenth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2005-2006).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,10 December. (Q10)Full Citation

30.

UNODC.2005.‘Recorded Homicide and Firearm Homicide in 53 Countries, Completed or Attempted.’ Eighth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2001-2002).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,15 April. (Q1077)Full Citation

31.

UNODC.2004.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998-2000).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,19 March. (Q91)Full Citation

32.

Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1297)Full Citation

33.

Mariana Hernández, Édgar Sandoval, Rafael López. 2016. ‘By Firearm, 60% of Homicides this Year: SNSP.’ Milenio (Mexico). 27 July. (N655) Full Citation

34.

Rodríguez, José de Jesús González.2014.‘Victims, Homicide Deaths and Firearms-related Crimes 2013 (Víctimas, Defunciones por Homicidio y Delitos con Portación de Arma 2013).’ Firearms Trafficking: Context, Legislative Proposals and Public Opinion (Trafico de Armas: Entorno, Propuestas Legislativas y Opinión Pública).Mexico City:Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública (Social Studies and Public Opinion Center),1 December. (Q11772)Full Citation

35.

Igarapé Institute.2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Mexico.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11116)Full Citation

36.

Butchart, Alexander, Christopher Mikton and Etienne Krug.2014.‘Country Profile: Mexico.’ Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014.Geneva:World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),10 December. (Q9626)Full Citation

37.

Chávez, Juliana and Alonso Tobón García.2012.‘Homicides Committed with Firearms.’ Regional Report on States' Capacities to Address Armed Violence - Latin America and the Caribbean.London:Action on Armed Violence and Seguridad Humana en Latinoamérica y el Caribe,1 May. (Q11768)Full Citation

38.

Mexico.2014.‘Suicides (1998 - 2014).’ INEGI - Mortality Statistics.Mexico City:Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI),31 December. (Q11326)Full Citation

39.

Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1302)Full Citation

40.

Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1298)Full Citation

41.

Mexico.2014.‘Unintentional Gun Deaths (1998-2014).’ INEGI - Mortality Statistics.Mexico City:Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI),31 December. (Q11317)Full Citation

42.

Krug, E G, K E Powell and L L Dahlberg.1998.‘Firearm-Related Deaths in the United States and 35 Other High- and Upper-Middle-Income Countries.’ International Journal of Epidemiology.Atlanta:National Centre for Injury Prevention & Control, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention / CDC,16 April. (Q1299)Full Citation

43.

Mexico.2014.‘Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause (1998-2014).’ INEGI - Mortality Statistics.Mexico City:Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI),31 December. (Q11319)Full Citation

44.

Mexico.2015.‘Firearms Manufacture and Commerce (Fábricas y Comercios de Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2268)Full Citation

45.

Mexico.1972.‘Articles 34 and 35.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4510)Full Citation

46.

Mexico.1972.‘General Permits for Manufacture (Permisos Generales de Fabricación).’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q11320)Full Citation

47.

Mexico.1931.‘Prohibited Firearms (Armas prohibidas).’ Federal Penal Code (Código Penal Federal).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,14 August. (Q4958)Full Citation

48.

Mexico.2014.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11168)Full Citation

49.

Mexico.2010.‘Legislation (Legislación).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3808)Full Citation

50.

Mexico.2003.‘Manufacture, Possession and Storing.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,16 June. (Q2381)Full Citation

51.

Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Industry and Exports].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11850)Full Citation

52.

Mexico.2020.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q14388)Full Citation

53.

Small Arms Survey.2001.‘Ranking of World's Small Arms Producers (By Sales).’ Small Arms Survey 2001: Profiling the Problem.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q103)Full Citation

54.

Mexico.2015.‘Customs Processes (Despachos Aduanales).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2274)Full Citation

55.

Mexico.2015.‘Export Permits (Permisos de Exportación).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2273)Full Citation

56.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 61.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4516)Full Citation

57.

Mexico.2015.‘Imports and Exports of Firearms by Tourists (Importaciones y Exportaciones de Armas de Turistas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2276)Full Citation

58.

Mexico.2014.‘International Transfers.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11170)Full Citation

59.

Mexico.2014.‘International Transfers - Marking at Import and Record Keeping.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11172)Full Citation

60.

Mexico.2003.‘Import and Export.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,16 June. (Q2383)Full Citation

61.

Mexico.2010.‘Export Control (Control de las Exportaciones).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3803)Full Citation

62.

Arms Trade Treaty Secretariat.2017.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports and Imports.’ Arms Trade Treaty Annual Report.Geneva:Arms Trade Treaty Secretariat,1 January. (Q13951)Full Citation

63.

UN Register of Conventional Arms.2018.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports and Imports.’ UNROCA - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,1 January. (Q13952)Full Citation

64.

International Trade Centre (ITC).2022.‘Exported values (2002-2021).’ Trade Map.Geneva:International Trade Centre (ITC),31 August. (Q16040)Full Citation

65.

Holtom, Paul and Christelle Rigual.2015.‘Exporters of Small Arms Based on UN Comtrade, 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2015: Weapons and the World.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 June. (Q11069)Full Citation

66.

Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Exporters of Small Arms Based on UN Comtrade, 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q11037)Full Citation

67.

Small Arms Survey.2001.‘60 Known Legal Small Arms Exporting Countries, 2001.’ Small Arms Survey 2001: Profiling the Problem.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q867)Full Citation

68.

Mexico.2015.‘Import Permits - Destination (Permisos de Importación - Destino).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2272)Full Citation

69.

Mexico.2015.‘Purchases of Firearms Abroad (Adquisición de Armas en el Extranjero).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2275)Full Citation

70.

International Trade Centre (ITC).2022.‘Imported values (2002-2021).’ Trade Map.Geneva:International Trade Centre (ITC),31 August. (Q16041)Full Citation

71.

US House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs - Democrats. 2016. ‘Engel Welcomes New Report on Firearms Trafficking to Mexico.’ 11 January. (N426) Full Citation

72.

Schroeder, Matt.2013.‘Sources of Illicit Small Arms in Mexico.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q8490)Full Citation

73.

Diaz, Tom.2009.‘The Role of the U.S. Civilian Firearms Market.’ Iron River: Gun Violence and Illegal Firearms Trafficking on the US-Mexico Border.Washington, DC:Violence Policy Center,1 April. (Q5322)Full Citation

74.

Mayors Against Illegal Guns.2010.‘Top Ten Sources of Traced U.S. Guns Recovered in Mexican Crimes.’ The Movement of Illegal Guns Across the US-Mexico Border.Washington, DC:Mayors Against Illegal Guns,1 September. (Q5323)Full Citation

75.

USGAO.2009.‘Results in Brief.’ Firearms Trafficking: U.S. Efforts to Combat Arms Trafficking to Mexico Face Planning and Coordination Challenges.Washington, DC:United States Government Accountability Office,1 June. (Q5324)Full Citation

76.

Goodman, Colby and Michel Marizco.2010.‘Introduction.’ US Firearms Trafficking to Mexico: New Data and Insights Illuminate Key Trends and Challenges.San Diego, CA:Trans-Border Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of San Diego,1 September. (Q2523)Full Citation

77.

Goodman, Colby and Michel Marizco.2010.‘US Government Actions.’ US Firearms Trafficking to Mexico: New Data and Insights Illuminate Key Trends and Challenges.San Diego, CA:Trans-Border Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of San Diego,1 September. (Q2526)Full Citation

78.

Goodman, Colby and Michel Marizco.2010.‘US Government Actions.’ US Firearms Trafficking to Mexico: New Data and Insights Illuminate Key Trends and Challenges.San Diego, CA:Trans-Border Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of San Diego,1 September. (Q2528)Full Citation

79.

Goodman, Colby and Michel Marizco.2010.‘Types of Firearms Recovered in Mexico.’ US Firearms Trafficking to Mexico: New Data and Insights Illuminate Key Trends and Challenges.San Diego, CA:Trans-Border Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of San Diego,1 September. (Q2530)Full Citation

80.

Goodman, Colby and Michel Marizco.2010.‘Introduction.’ US Firearms Trafficking to Mexico: New Data and Insights Illuminate Key Trends and Challenges.San Diego, CA:Trans-Border Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of San Diego,1 September. (Q2522)Full Citation

81.

Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Smuggling].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11851)Full Citation

82.

Prensa Latina (Havana). 2008. ‘Mexican Army Seizes 4 Tons Weapons.’ 8 February. (N245) Full Citation

83.

UNODC.2012.‘How Is the Trafficking Conducted?.’ Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean: A Threat Assessment.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 September. (Q11644)Full Citation

84.

Rodríguez, José de Jesús González.2014.‘Firearm Smuggling.’ Firearms Trafficking: Context, Legislative Proposals and Public Opinion (Trafico de Armas: Entorno, Propuestas Legislativas y Opinión Pública).Mexico City:Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública (Social Studies and Public Opinion Center),1 December. (Q11773)Full Citation

85.

U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO).2021.‘Findings.’ Firearms Trafficking U.S. Efforts to Disrupt Gun Smuggling into Mexico Would Benefit from Additional Data and Analysis.Washington DC:U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO),22 February. (Q14239)Full Citation

86.

Mexico.2020.‘National Action Plan.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q14389)Full Citation

87.

Hernándeza, Gerardo and Zulia Orozco Reynosoa.2021.‘Regulatory Analysis of the Policy on Arms in Mexico.’ Estudios Fronterizos.Mexicali:Autonomous University of Baja California,17 November. (Q16098)Full Citation

88.

Hernándeza, Gerardo and Zulia Orozco Reynosoa.2021.‘Baja California, Regional Consequences of Arms Without Borders.’ Estudios Fronterizos.Mexicali:Autonomous University of Baja California,17 November. (Q16099)Full Citation

89.

Mexico.2014.‘Brokering.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11173)Full Citation

90.

Mexico.2014.‘End-user Certificate.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11171)Full Citation

91.

Picard, Michael, Paul Holtom and Fiona Mangan.2019.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2019.’ Trade Update 2019: Transfers, Transparency, and South-east Asia Spotlight.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,12 December. (Q14069)Full Citation

92.

Holtom, Paul and Irene Pavesi.2018.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.’ The 2018 Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q13505)Full Citation

93.

Pavesi, Irene.2016.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2016.’ Trade Update 2016: Transfers and Transparency.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 June. (Q12070)Full Citation

94.

Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi, and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2014.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q10547)Full Citation

95.

Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2013.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q6871)Full Citation

96.

Lazarevic, Jasna.2012.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q6869)Full Citation

97.

Lazarevic, Jasna.2011.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 July. (Q10549)Full Citation

98.

Lazarevic, Jasna.2010.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2010.’ Small Arms Survey 2010: Gangs, Groups and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 June. (Q10550)Full Citation

99.

Lazarevic, Jasna.2009.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2009.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,9 July. (Q10551)Full Citation

100.

Close, Helen and Chris Stevenson.2008.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2008.’ Small Arms Survey 2008: Risk and Resilience.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 July. (Q10552)Full Citation

101.

Glatz, Anne-Kathrin and Lora Lumpe.2007.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2007.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q10553)Full Citation

102.

Khakee, Anna, Pablo Dreyfus and Anne-Kathrin Glatz.2006.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2006.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10554)Full Citation

103.

Khakee, Anna.2005.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2005.’ Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,11 July. (Q10555)Full Citation

104.

Khakee, Anna.2004.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2004.’ Small Arms Survey 2004: Rights at Risk.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10556)Full Citation

105.

Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

106.

Mexico.2015.‘General Rules (Reglas Generales).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2249)Full Citation

107.

Mexico.1972.‘General Rules.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4502)Full Citation

108.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 3.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4508)Full Citation

109.

Mexico.2015.‘Authority (Autoridades).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2250)Full Citation

110.

Mexico.2015.‘Secretariat of National Defence (Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2266)Full Citation

111.

Mexico.2015.‘Firearms Possession (Posesión de Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2251)Full Citation

112.

Mexico.2004.‘Article 10.’ The Political Constitution of the Mexican United States.Mexico City:National Congress of the United Mexican States / Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas,28 July. (Q8508)Full Citation

113.

Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation

114.

Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation

115.

Mexico.2004.‘Article 10.’ The Political Constitution of the Mexican United States.Mexico City:National Congress of the United Mexican States / Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas,28 July. (Q2148)Full Citation

116.

Mexico.2015.‘General Rules (Reglas Generales).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q8509)Full Citation

117.

Sherman, Amy and David Kopel.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8506)Full Citation

118.

Cook, Philip J, Wendy Cukier and Keith Krause.2009.‘Firearms and Firearm Regulation in North America: Mexico.’ The Illicit Firearms Trade in North America.London:Criminology & Criminal Justice,1 August. (Q5321)Full Citation

119.

Mexico.2015.‘Military Firearms (Armas Militares).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2287)Full Citation

120.

Mexico.2015.‘Possession and Carrying of Prohibited Firearms (Posesión y Portación De Armas Prohibidas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2252)Full Citation

121.

Mexico.2015.‘Prohibited Firearms (Armas Prohibidas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2256)Full Citation

122.

Mexico.2015.‘Permitted Firearms (Armas Permitidas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2253)Full Citation

123.

Mexico.2015.‘Shooting or Hunting Firearms (Armas de Tiro o Cacería).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2254)Full Citation

124.

Mexico.2015.‘Permitted Hunting or Shooting Firearms (Armas para Tiro o Cacería Permitidas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2261)Full Citation

125.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 11.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4504)Full Citation

126.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 17.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4505)Full Citation

127.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 24.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4513)Full Citation

128.

Mexico.2015.‘Collections or Museums (Colecciones O Museos).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2262)Full Citation

129.

Mexico.2015.‘Possession of Firearms at Home (Posesión de Armas en el Domicilio).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2258)Full Citation

130.

Mexico.2015.‘Requirements for Firearms Carrying Licences (Requisitos para Licencias para Portar Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2265)Full Citation

131.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 25.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4512)Full Citation

132.

Mexico.2015.‘Cases, Conditions, Requirements and Places for the Carrying of Arms.’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q4905)Full Citation

133.

Mexico.2015.‘General Rules.’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q4907)Full Citation

134.

Mexico.1972.‘General Rules.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4906)Full Citation

135.

Mexico.2015.‘Duration of a Firearms Carrying Licence (Duración de una licencia para la portación de armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2264)Full Citation

136.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 13.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4515)Full Citation

137.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 9.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4503)Full Citation

138.

Mexico.2014.‘Record-keeping.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11179)Full Citation

139.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 21.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4506)Full Citation

140.

Mexico.2015.‘Limits on Ammunition Possession (Limites para la Posesión de Cartuchos).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2255)Full Citation

141.

Mexico.2015.‘Limits on Sales of Ammunition (Limites de Municiones para la Venta).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2269)Full Citation

142.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 51.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4509)Full Citation

143.

Mexico.2015.‘Sanctions (Sanciones).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q11339)Full Citation

144.

Mexico.2015.‘Firearms Acquisition (Adquisiciones de Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2259)Full Citation

145.

Mexico.2003.‘Registration.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,16 June. (Q2380)Full Citation

146.

Mexico.2015.‘Detailed Report of Activities (Informe Detallado de las Actividades).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2284)Full Citation

147.

Mexico.1972.‘Manufacturer and Dealer Reports (Informe de Fabricantes y Comerciantes).’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q11323)Full Citation

148.

Mexico.1972.‘Records on Sales and Purchases (Libros de Compras y de Ventas).’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q11321)Full Citation

149.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 50.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4514)Full Citation

150.

Mexico.2003.‘Controls on the Sale of Firearms.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,16 June. (Q2382)Full Citation

151.

Mexico.2003.‘Marking.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,16 June. (Q2384)Full Citation

152.

Mexico.2015.‘Authorities Responsible for the Registration (Autoridades Responsables para la Registración).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2260)Full Citation

153.

Mexico.2014.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11174)Full Citation

154.

Mexico.2020.‘Marking and Record-keeping.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q14387)Full Citation

155.

Mexico.2015.‘Sale or Purchase Between Individuals (Compra-venta Entre Particulares).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2271)Full Citation

156.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 54.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4507)Full Citation

157.

Mexico.2015.‘Sales of More than One Firearm (Ventas de Más de un Arma).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2270)Full Citation

158.

Mexico.2015.‘Firearms Storage (Almacenamiento de Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2281)Full Citation

159.

Mexico.2015.‘Authorised Quantities and Storage Premises (Cantidades y Locales de Almacenamiento Autorizados).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2282)Full Citation

160.

Mexico.2015.‘Storage Requirements (Requisitos de Almacenamiento).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2283)Full Citation

161.

Mexico.1972.‘Storage (de Almacenamiento).’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q11322)Full Citation

162.

Mexico.2010.‘Stockpile Management (Gestión de los Arsenales).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3801)Full Citation

163.

Mexico.2015.‘Security Measures for Transports (Medidas de Seguridad para los Transportes).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2278)Full Citation

164.

Mexico.2015.‘Transport Permits (Autorizaciones para el Transporte).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2277)Full Citation

165.

Mexico.1972.‘Articles 29 and 30.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4511)Full Citation

166.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 67.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4518)Full Citation

167.

Mexico.1972.‘Article 68.’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q4517)Full Citation

168.

Mexico.2015.‘Firearms Carrying Licence (Licencia de Porte de Armas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2263)Full Citation

169.

Mexico.2015.‘Requirements for Individual and Collective Licences (Requisitos para Licencias Colectivas e Individuales).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q11338)Full Citation

170.

Mexico.2015.‘Carrying Firearms in Public Places (Portar Armas en Lugares Públicos).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2267)Full Citation

171.

GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Penalty for Unlawful Firearm Possession.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 22 January.
(G93) Full Citation

172.

Mexico.2015.‘Sanctions for Illegal Carrying (Sanciones para Porte Ilegal).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2285)Full Citation

173.

Hernándeza, Gerardo and Zulia Orozco Reynosoa.2021.‘Regulatory Analysis of the Policy on Arms in Mexico.’ Estudios Fronterizos.Mexicali:Autonomous University of Baja California,17 November. (Q16097)Full Citation

174.

OAS / UNODA.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials / CIFTA.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Organization of American States / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 November. (Q3244)Full Citation

175.

OAS.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA): Signatures and Ratifications.’ Organization of American States, Department of International Law.Washington, DC:Organization of American States,14 November. (Q3262)Full Citation

176.

UNCCPCJ / UNODC.1991.‘Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice.’ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Vienna:United Nations Economic and Social Council / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q3222)Full Citation

177.

GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation

178.

UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation

179.

UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation

180.

UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation

181.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation

182.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation

183.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation

184.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation

185.

Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation

186.

UNODA.2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation

187.

Mexico.2010.‘Civil Society Cooperation (Cooperación con la Sociedad Civil).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3807)Full Citation

188.

UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - Transparency in the Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation

189.

UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation

190.

Wassenaar Arrangement.1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation

191.

United Nations.2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation

192.

Mexico.1972.‘Amnesty (Amnistía).’ Regulation of the Federal Firearms Law and Explosives (Reglamento de la Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos).Mexico City:Presidency of Mexico,6 May. (Q11324)Full Citation

193.

Mexico.2014.‘Collection.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11177)Full Citation

194.

Mexico.2014.‘Confiscation and Seizure.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11176)Full Citation

195.

Mexico.2008.‘Achievements made in the Implementation of the Programme of Action.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,31 March. (Q2379)Full Citation

196.

Associated Press. 2009. ‘Mexico Begins Destroying Over 79,000 Seized Arms.’ 26 August. (N244) Full Citation

197.

Plano Informativo (Mexico). 2016. ‘Sedena Exchanges More Than 75,000 Guns.’ 11 April. (N513) Full Citation

198.

Schroeder, Matt.2013.‘Illicit Small Arms in Mexico.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q8489)Full Citation

199.

Mexico.2012.‘Collection.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11167)Full Citation

200.

News (Mexico). 2013. ‘Sonora Launches Buyback Scheme.’ 19 June. (N427) Full Citation

201.

Mexico.2010.‘Disarmament (Desarme).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3805)Full Citation

202.

UNODC.2020.‘Arms Seized, Found, and Surrendered, by Type.’ Illicit Arms Flows Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,7 January. (Q14056)Full Citation

203.

Rodríguez, José de Jesús González.2014.‘Arms Seized 2013-2014.’ Firearms Trafficking: Context, Legislative Proposals and Public Opinion (Trafico de Armas: Entorno, Propuestas Legislativas y Opinión Pública).Mexico City:Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública (Social Studies and Public Opinion Center),1 December. (Q11771)Full Citation

204.

Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Number of Firearms Reported Seized by Police, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10542)Full Citation

205.

Schroeder, Matt.2013.‘Table 12.1: Illicit Weapons Recovered by the Mexican Military, 2009-12.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q8487)Full Citation

206.

Schroeder, Matt.2013.‘Analysing the Data.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q8488)Full Citation

207.

Mexico.2012.‘Confiscation and Seizure.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11166)Full Citation

208.

CASAC.2013.‘Firearms Seized per Country in 2011-2012 (Total de Armas Incautadas por País 2011-2012).’ Number of Seized Firearms and Ammunition 2009-2013.Managua:Programa Centroamericano para el Control de Armas Pequeñas y Ligeras (CASAC),31 December. (Q11837)Full Citation

209.

CASAC.2013.‘Firearms and Ammunition Seized in 2009 (Número de armas y municiones incautadas 2009).’ Number of Seized Firearms and Ammunition 2009-2013.Managua:Programa Centroamericano para el Control de Armas Pequeñas y Ligeras (CASAC),31 December. (Q11835)Full Citation

210.

UNODC.2010.‘Number of Firearms Seized in Mexico.’ The Globalization of Crime: A Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment (TOCTA).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 June. (Q13180)Full Citation

211.

Mexico.2020.‘Collection.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q14386)Full Citation

212.

Wilma Gandoy Vázquez and Ximena García Hidalgo. 2022. ‘Mexico's Bold Move Against Gun Companies.’ Arms Control Association. 1 September. (N896) Full Citation

213.

Rodríguez, José de Jesús González.2014.‘Arms Destroyed 2013-2014.’ Firearms Trafficking: Context, Legislative Proposals and Public Opinion (Trafico de Armas: Entorno, Propuestas Legislativas y Opinión Pública).Mexico City:Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública (Social Studies and Public Opinion Center),1 December. (Q11770)Full Citation

214.

Mexico.2015.‘Seized Firearms (Armas Decomisadas).’ Federal Law of Firearms and Explosives of January 11, 1972 - Last amended in 2015 (Ley Federal de Armas y Explosivos del 11 de enero de 1972 - Última reforma publicada en 2015).Mexico City:Congress of Mexico,12 November. (Q2286)Full Citation

215.

Mexico.2014.‘Surplus.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11175)Full Citation

216.

Mexico.2010.‘Destruction of Surplus Firearms Owned by the State (Eliminación de los Excedentes de Armas Ligeras en Poder del Estado).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3802)Full Citation

217.

Mexico.2008.‘Marking (Marcaje).’ Internal Regulation of the National Defence Secretariat (Reglamento Interior de la Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional).Mexico City:Presidency of the Republic of Mexico,29 December. (Q11328)Full Citation

218.

Mexico.2010.‘Conclusions (Conclusiones).’ Marking Practices (Prácticas de Marcaje).Mexico City:Secretary of National Defence and Organization of American States,1 December. (Q11329)Full Citation

219.

Mexico.2014.‘Marking.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11178)Full Citation

220.

Mexico.2010.‘Marking (Marcado).’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3804)Full Citation

221.

Mexico.2008.‘Implementation of the International Tracing Instrument.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,31 March. (Q2378)Full Citation

222.

Juárez, Mario Arroyo.2015.‘Mexico Ballistics Register.’ Personal E-mail correspondence.Mexico City:Mexico National Security Commission,12 February. (Q11256)Full Citation

223.

Mexico.2014.‘Tracing.’ National Report of Mexico on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations,1 January. (Q11180)Full Citation

224.

Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Summary of Reported International Requests for Tracing of Firearms, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10546)Full Citation