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Grenada — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Grenada is

2017: 5,0001

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Grenada is

2017: 4.601

Government Guns

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Grenada are reported to have 1,0002 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2016: 53
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 1
2011: 4
2010: 1
2009: 1
2008: 1
2007: 3

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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2016: 4.503
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0.92
2011: 3.69
2010: 0.93
2009: 0.93
2008: 0.94
2007: 2.83

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Total Number of Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total

2016: 53
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 1
2011: 3
2010: 1
2009: 1
2008: 1
2007: 3

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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is

2016: 8.873
2012: 1.81
2011: 5.48
2010: 1.84
2009: 1.85
2008: 1.86
2007: 5.63

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Total Number of Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 1
2010: 0

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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 People

In Grenada, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is

2011: 1.863

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual homicides by any means total

2016: 73
2015: 4
2014: 4
2013: 64
2012: 17
2011: 10
2010: 12
2009: 75 6 7 8 9
2008: 19
2007: 11
2006: 11
2005: 9
2004: 7
2003: 8
2002: 14
2001: 66 7 8 9
2000: 15

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 6.293
2015: 3.61
2014: 3.63
2013: 5.474
2012: 15.59
2011: 9.22
2010: 11.13
2009: 6.53
2008: 17.83
2007: 10.39
2006: 10.46
2005: 8.60
2004: 6.73
2003: 7.74
2002: 13.61
2001: 5.96 7 8 9
2000: 14.8
1997: 3.1610
1996: 3.07
1995: 0.0

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Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual male homicides by any means total

2016: 73
2015: 43
2014: 3
2013: 44
2012: 12
2011: 8
2010: 10
2009: 4
2008: 17
2007: 9
2006: 8
2005: 6
2004: 7
2003: 5
2002: 11

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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 12.423
2015: 7.14
2014: 5.38
2013: 7.224
2012: 21.78
2011: 14.61
2010: 18.37
2009: 7.40
2008: 31.66
2007: 16.88
2006: 15.12
2005: 11.42
2004: 13.42
2003: 9.65
2002: 21.35

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Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual female homicides by any means total

2016: 311
2015: 2
2014: 13
2013: 2
2012: 5
2011: 2
2010: 2
2009: 3
2008: 2
2007: 2
2006: 3
2005: 3
2004: 0
2003: 3
2002: 3

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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 5.6111
2015: 3.76
2014: 1.843
2013: 3.694
2012: 9.28
2011: 3.73
2010: 3.75
2009: 5.65
2008: 3.78
2007: 3.80
2006: 5.74
2005: 5.76
2004: 0
2003: 5.83
2002: 5.85

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Grenada, annual firearm homicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 05
2012: 05 6
2011: 2
2010: 05 6 7
2009: 06 7
2008: 712 6 7
2007: 8
2006: 9
2005: 9
2004: 17
2003: 0
2002: 0

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0.0013
2012: 0.00
2011: 1.843
2010: 0.0013 7
2009: 0.00
2008: 7.112 13 7
2007: 8.2
2006: 8.3
2005: 9.1
2004: 1.07
2003: 0.0
2002: 0.0

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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

ChartIn Grenada, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2013: 0%5
2012: 0%5 6
2011: 20%
2010: 0%
2009: 0%6
2008: 6%
2007: 18%
2006: 8%
2005: 9%
2004: 16.7%7
2003: 0.0%
2002: 0.0%

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Male Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Grenada, annual male firearm homicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 1
2010: 0

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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

In Grenada, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2011: 1.833

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Female Gun Homicide Victims

ChartIn Grenada, annual female firearm homicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 1
2010: 0

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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

In Grenada, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2011: 1.863

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Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual suicides by any means total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 2
2011: 1
2010: 0
2008: 214
2007: 3
2006: 1
2005: 614 15
2004: 114
2003: 4
2002: 6
2001: 1
2000: 4

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 1.833
2011: 0.92
2010: 0
2008: 1.914
2007: 2.83
2006: 1.0
2005: 5.914 15
2004: 1.014
2003: 3.9
2002: 5.9
2001: 1.0
2000: 3.9

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Male Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual male suicides by any means total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 2
2011: 1
2010: 0
2007: 2

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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2012: 3.633
2011: 1.83
2007: 3.75

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Female Suicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Grenada, annual female suicides by any means total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0
2007: 13

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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

In Grenada, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2007: 1.903

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Gun Suicides

ChartIn Grenada, annual firearm suicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Male Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Grenada, annual male firearm suicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Female Gun Suicide Victims

ChartIn Grenada, annual female firearm suicides total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2016: 53
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 1
2011: 2
2010: 1
2009: 1
2008: 1
2007: 3

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2016: 4.503
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0.92
2011: 1.84
2010: 0.93
2009: 0.93
2008: 0.94
2007: 2.83

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Unintentional Male Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total

2016: 53
2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 1
2011: 2
2010: 1
2009: 1
2008: 1
2007: 3

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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Grenada, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is

2016: 8.873
2012: 1.81
2011: 3.65
2010: 1.84
2009: 1.85
2008: 1.86
2007: 5.63

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Unintentional Female Gun Deaths

ChartIn Grenada, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Grenada, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Grenada, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Grenada, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2015: 03
2014: 0
2013: 0
2012: 0
2011: 0
2010: 0

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Grenada, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence,16 17 18 19 20 21 22 but is not conducted in practice23 24

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Firearm Exports

In Grenada, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law25 26 27

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Grenada is reported by Customs to be US$1,05528 (2009)

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Firearm Imports

In Grenada, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law25 29 26 30 27

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Grenada is reported by Customs to be US$27,32128 (2011)

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Grenada, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law31

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Grenada do not include27 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Grenada is categorised as restrictive32

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Grenada includes the Firearms Act of 196833 and the Firearms Regulations of 196934

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Grenada are regulated by the Minister of Home Affairs29 and the Chief of Police35

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Grenada, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law36 37

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Grenada, only licensed gun owners38 22 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Grenada are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm29

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Grenada is 17 years17

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Grenada must pass a background check which considers criminal and mental health29 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Grenada, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required39

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Partner to be Advised or Interviewed

In Grenada, licensing authorities are not required39 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Grenada does not stipulate39 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Grenada, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required39 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Grenada, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every five years40

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Licensing Records

In Grenada, authorities maintain a record41 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Grenada are permitted to possess any number of firearms39

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Grenada are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition39

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Grenada, the law requires42 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Grenada, licensed firearm dealers are required43 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Grenada, licensed gun makers are required43 19 44 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Grenada, State agencies are required45 42 46 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Grenada, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited without a permit47 17 41 22 48

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Grenada, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful16 17 41 18 19 21 49 22 48

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Background Checks for Private Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Grenada is obliged50 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Background Checks for Dealer Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Grenada is obliged50 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Grenada, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined39

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Grenada, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated39 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Grenada include51 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Grenada include45 46 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Grenada do not include39 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Marking

In Grenada, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law52 24 30

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Firearm Tracing

In Grenada, state authorities carry out53 54 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Grenada, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not39 recorded in a register

Carrying Guns

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Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In Grenada, carrying a gun in a public place is permitted under licence55

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Grenada, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm56 is five years in prison38

Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

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Firearms Surrendered and Seized

ChartIn Grenada, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2015: 2557
2011: 2158

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Grenada, it is state policy59 60 58 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

Organization of American States

On 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Grenada adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified61 62 by Grenada

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed63 by Grenada.

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Arms Trade Treaty

The Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified64 by Grenada

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified65 by Grenada

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Grenada committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects66

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UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Grenada against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 14467 68 69 70 among 159 Member States

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Grenada has submitted one or more national reports71 72 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Grenada, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated73 72

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Grenada submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was not apparent72

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated72 by Grenada to other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Grenada has declared74 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Grenada has been a Member State of the United Nations since 197475

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list76 Grenada as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in Grenada, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Short References

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation

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WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation

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Igarapé Institute.2019.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2018.’ Homicide Monitor.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,28 June. (Q13953)Full Citation

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Igarapé Institute.2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Grenada.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11110)Full Citation

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UNODC.2014.‘Homicides and Gun Homicides in Grenada.’ Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),10 April. (Q10106)Full Citation

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UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Grenada.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6363)Full Citation

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UNODC.2017.‘Intentional Homicide Victims by Sex.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:UNODC,19 May. (Q13356)Full Citation

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OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide Committed by Firearms 2000-2010.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9210)Full Citation

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GunPolicy.org.2015.‘Calculated Rates - Grenada.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,15 December. (Q10155)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘General Restrictions Upon Manufacture and Dealing in Firearms and Ammunitions.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9008)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Restrictions Upon Acquisition and Disposal of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9009)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Special Restrictions Upon Holders of Firearm Manufacturers' or Firearm Dealers' Licences.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9011)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Restriction Relating to Gunsmiths.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9013)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Special Restrictions on Shortening and Converting Firearms.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9014)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Notice to Be Displayed by Licensees.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9015)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Types of Licences, Certificates and Permits.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9020)Full Citation

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Grenada.2012.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,1 January. (Q10152)Full Citation

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Grenada.2012.‘Marking.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,1 January. (Q10145)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘Restriction on Importation, Exportation, and Transhipment of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9007)Full Citation

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Grenada.2012.‘International Transfers - Record Keeping.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,1 January. (Q10149)Full Citation

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Grenada.2012.‘International Transfers.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,1 January. (Q10151)Full Citation

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Marsh, Nicholas.2014.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,22 December. (Q16)Full Citation

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Grenada.1968.‘General Provisions as to Grant and Issue of Licences, Certificates and Permits.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9021)Full Citation

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Grenada.2016.‘Marking at Import.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,11 April. (Q12438)Full Citation

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Grenada.2012.‘Brokering.’ National Report of Grenada on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Grenada to the United Nations,1 January. (Q10148)Full Citation

32.

Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

33.

Grenada.1968.‘Firearms Act.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9005)Full Citation

34.

Grenada.1969.‘Title.’ Firearms Regulations of 1969.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,25 January. (Q9418)Full Citation

35.

Grenada.1968.‘Appropriate Authority.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9024)Full Citation

36.

Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation

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Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation

38.

Grenada.1968.‘Possession of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q9018)Full Citation

39.

Grenada.1968.‘Firearms Act.’ Firearms Act of 1968, Last Amended in 1990.St George's:Ministry of Legal Affairs,28 September. (Q12071)Full Citation

40.

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