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Finland — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned RiflesNumber of Privately Owned ShotgunsNumber of Privately Owned HandgunsNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Finland ranked at No. 3313 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Finland ranked at No. 47 Proportion of Adults Living in a Home With a GunIn Finland, the percentage of adults living in a household with a firearm is reported to be 2015: 13%14 Proportion of Households with FirearmsProportion of Households with RiflesProportion of Households with ShotgunsProportion of Households with HandgunsNumber of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationNumber of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Finland, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2015: 13224 2014: 136 2013: 177 2012: 15725 26 27 28 2011: 18425 26 27 2010: 19529 2009: 207 2008: 238 2007: 19725 26 27 30 2006: 206 2005: 184 2004: 253 2003: 255 2002: 229 2001: 270 2000: 23525 26 31 30 1999: 31325 26 27 30 1998: 295 1997: 346 1996: 323 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Finland, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 7832 2015: 82 2014: 88 2013: 89 2012: 88 2011: 110 2010: 119 2009: 120 2008: 133 2007: 129 2006: 119 2005: 117 2004: 146 2003: 105 2002: 132 2001: 156 2000: 148 1999: 14333 1998: 113 1997: 13933 34 1996: 153 1995: 146 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Finland, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 1.4232 2015: 1.50 2014: 1.61 2013: 1.64 2012: 1.63 2011: 2.04 2010: 2.22 2009: 2.25 2008: 2.51 2007: 2.44 2006: 2.3 2005: 2.2 2004: 2.8 2003: 2.0 2002: 2.5 2001: 3.0 2000: 2.9 1999: 2.833 1998: 2.2 1997: 2.7 1996: 3.0 1995: 2.9 1994: 3.2435 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Finland, annual firearm homicides total 2015: 1024 2014: 1125 2013: 15 2012: 16 2011: 18 2010: 14 2009: 2225 37 33 2008: 30 2007: 23 2006: 17 2005: 11 2004: 3025 33 2003: 18 2002: 2025 2001: 30 2000: 32 1999: 33 1998: 2225 33 1997: 4025 1996: 34 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Finland, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 2015: 0.1824 2014: 0.20 2013: 0.28 2012: 0.30 2011: 0.33 2010: 0.26 2009: 0.41 2008: 0.57 2007: 0.44 2006: 0.32 2005: 0.21 2004: 0.5725 33 2003: 0.35 2002: 0.3825 2001: 0.58 2000: 0.62 1999: 0.64 1998: 0.4325 33 1997: 0.7825 1996: 0.66 1994: 0.8638 Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsHandgun HomicidesLong Gun HomicidesGun Homicides (Other)Suicides (any method)ChartIn Finland, annual suicides by any means total 2015: 72924 2014: 78324 2013: 887 2012: 872 2011: 908 2010: 951 2009: 1,032 2008: 1,032 2007: 993 1998: 1,22831 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesChartIn Finland, annual firearm suicides total 2015: 11924 2014: 12224 2013: 160 2012: 13926 28 2011: 16526 2010: 179 2009: 181 2008: 207 2007: 172 2006: 183 2005: 169 2004: 219 2003: 232 2002: 205 2001: 234 2000: 200 1999: 268 1998: 267 1997: 302 1996: 278 Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Suicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Suicide VictimsHandgun SuicidesLong Gun SuicidesGun Suicides (Other)Unintentional Gun DeathsChartIn Finland, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2015: 124 2014: 127 2013: 0 2012: 227 28 2011: 127 2010: 1 2007: 1 2006: 4 2005: 1 2004: 2 2003: 3 2002: 3 2001: 2 2000: 031 1999: 627 1998: 3 1997: 2 1996: 3 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Handgun DeathsUnintentional Long Gun DeathsGun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Finland, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2015: 124 2014: 130 2013: 2 2012: 0 2011: 0 2010: 1 2009: 3 2008: 1 2007: 1 2006: 2 2005: 3 2004: 2 2003: 2 2002: 1 2001: 4 2000: 3 1999: 6 1998: 3 1997: 2 1996: 8 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleHandgun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLong Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseGun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesRate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesProductionGun IndustrySmall Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Finland was ranked 'small'47 TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm ImportsTransparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Finland scored 2019: 14.7588 2018: 14.5089 2016: 14.7590 2014: 14.7591 2013: 14.2592 2012: 14.2593 2011: 14.0094 2010: 14.2595 2009: 15.0096 2008: 15.0097 2007: 14.7598 2006: 15.0099 2005: 15.50100 2004: 14.75101 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Finland is categorised as restrictive102 Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Finland includes the Firearms Act and Decree of 1998,103 46 the Act on the Export and Transit of Defence Materiel,104 the Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons,105 106 the European Union Firearms Regulation of 2012, the Common Position on the Control of Arms Brokering of 2003,107 and the Convention of 1 July 1969 on Reciprocal Recognition of Proofmarks on Small Arms108 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Finland, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, disguised firearms, armour piercing and incendiary ammunition114 115 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsRegulation of HandgunsLaw Regulates Long GunsIn Finland, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law39 Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Finland, only licensed gun owners53 122 123 124 121 118 39 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceDomestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Finland does not stipulate113 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingIn Finland, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required (in the workplace)126 for a firearm licence Licensing RecordsIn Finland, authorities maintain a record135 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition Limit on Number of GunsFirearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Finland, licensed gun makers are required46 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Finland, State agencies are required138 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control Gun Sales and TransfersStorage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Finland include149 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Finland include150 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Finland include146 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingBallistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Finland, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not113 recorded in a register Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Finland are known to have161 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Firearms Surrendered and SeizedSmall Arms DestroyedMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsEuropean UnionEuropean Union Export ReportingUnder the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, Finland is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that Finland has submitted one or more national reports170 on its arms transfers Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006171 by Finland. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified172 by Finland United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified173 by Finland United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Finland committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects174 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Finland, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated182 UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportUNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated180 by Finland to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Finland has declared183 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Finland has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1955184 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists185 Finland as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Finland, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Finland ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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