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Finland — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned RiflesNumber of Privately Owned ShotgunsNumber of Privately Owned HandgunsNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Finland ranked at No. 3313 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Finland ranked at No. 47 Proportion of Adults Living in a Home With a GunIn Finland, the percentage of adults living in a household with a firearm is reported to be 2015: 13%14 Proportion of Households with FirearmsProportion of Households with RiflesProportion of Households with ShotgunsProportion of Households with HandgunsNumber of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Finland is 12.628 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Finland is 3020 Estimated Number of Illicit FirearmsEstimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Finland the rate of illicit firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 2.968 ImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Finland, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2014: 13523 2013: 177 2012: 15724 25 26 27 2011: 18424 25 26 2010: 19528 2009: 20624 25 29 2008: 238 2007: 19724 25 26 29 2006: 206 2005: 184 2004: 253 2003: 255 2002: 229 2001: 270 2000: 23524 25 30 29 1999: 31324 25 26 29 1998: 295 1997: 346 1996: 323 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Finland, annual homicides by any means total 2016: 8331 2015: 8832 2014: 7523 2013: 77 2012: 72 2011: 99 2010: 101 2009: 120 2008: 133 2007: 130 2006: 119 2005: 117 2004: 146 2003: 105 2002: 132 2001: 156 2000: 148 1999: 14333 1998: 113 1997: 13933 34 1996: 153 1995: 146 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Finland, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2016: 1.5031 2015: 1.6032 2014: 2.4823 2013: 3.26 2012: 2.90 2011: 3.42 2010: 3.64 2009: 2.2 2008: 2.5 2007: 2.5 2006: 2.3 2005: 2.2 2004: 2.8 2003: 2.0 2002: 2.5 2001: 3.0 2000: 2.9 1999: 2.833 1998: 2.2 1997: 2.7 1996: 3.0 1995: 2.9 1994: 3.2435 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Finland, annual firearm homicides total 2014: 1124 2013: 15 2012: 16 2011: 18 2010: 14 2009: 2224 37 33 2008: 30 2007: 23 2006: 17 2005: 11 2004: 3024 33 2003: 18 2002: 2024 2001: 30 2000: 32 1999: 33 1998: 2224 33 1997: 4024 1996: 34 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Finland, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 2014: 0.2023 2013: 0.28 2012: 0.30 2011: 0.33 2010: 0.26 2009: 0.4124 8 33 2008: 0.56 2007: 0.43 2006: 0.32 2005: 0.21 2004: 0.5724 33 2003: 0.35 2002: 0.3824 2001: 0.58 2000: 0.62 1999: 0.64 1998: 0.4324 33 1997: 0.7824 1996: 0.66 1994: 0.8638 Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsHandgun HomicidesLong Gun HomicidesGun Homicides (Other)Suicides (any method)Gun SuicidesHandgun SuicidesLong Gun SuicidesGun Suicides (Other)Unintentional Gun DeathsUnintentional Handgun DeathsUnintentional Long Gun DeathsGun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Finland, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2014: 129 2013: 2 2012: 0 2011: 0 2010: 1 2009: 3 2008: 1 2007: 1 2006: 2 2005: 3 2004: 2 2003: 2 2002: 1 2001: 4 2000: 3 1999: 6 1998: 3 1997: 2 1996: 8 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseHandgun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLong Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseGun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseProductionGun IndustrySmall Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Finland was ranked 'small'47 TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm ImportsSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Finland is low76 Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Finland scored 2018: 14.5083 2016: 14.7584 2014: 14.7585 2013: 14.2586 2012: 14.2587 2011: 14.0088 2010: 14.2589 2009: 15.0090 2008: 15.0091 2007: 14.7592 2006: 15.0093 2005: 15.5094 2004: 14.7595 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Finland is categorised as restrictive96 Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Finland includes the Firearms Act and Decree of 1998,97 46 the Act on the Export and Transit of Defence Materiel,98 the Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons,99 100 the European Union Firearms Regulation of 2012, the Common Position on the Control of Arms Brokering of 2003,101 and the Convention of 1 July 1969 on Reciprocal Recognition of Proofmarks on Small Arms102 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Finland, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, disguised firearms, armour piercing and incendiary ammunition108 109 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsRegulation of HandgunsLaw Regulates Long GunsIn Finland, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law39 Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Finland, only licensed gun owners52 116 117 118 115 112 39 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceDomestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Finland does not stipulate107 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingIn Finland, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required (in the workplace)120 for a firearm licence Licensing RecordsIn Finland, authorities maintain a record129 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition Limit on Number of GunsFirearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Finland, licensed gun makers are required46 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Finland, State agencies are required132 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control Gun Sales and TransfersStorage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Finland include143 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Finland include144 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Finland include140 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingBallistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Finland, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not107 recorded in a register Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Finland are known to have155 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Firearms Surrendered and SeizedSmall Arms DestroyedMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsEuropean UnionEuropean Union Export ReportingUnder the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, Finland is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that Finland has submitted one or more national reports162 on its arms transfers Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006163 by Finland. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified164 by Finland United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified165 by Finland United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Finland committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects166 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Finland, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated174 UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportUNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated172 by Finland to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Finland has declared175 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Finland has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1955176 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists177 Finland as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Finland, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Finland ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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