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Fiji — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

ChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Fiji is

2017: 5,0001
2007: 4,0002

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

ChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Fiji is

2017: 0.501
2007: 0.52

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Fiji ranked at No. 1763

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Fiji ranked at No. 1692

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Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

The number of licensed gun owners in Fiji is reported to be

1999: 1,3994

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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

The rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Fiji is

1999: 0.175

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Number of Registered Firearms

ChartThe number of registered guns in Fiji is reported to be

2017: 1,5381
2002: 1,5386

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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

The rate of registered guns per 100 people in Fiji is

2002: 0.195

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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms

Unregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,7 but in Fiji there are estimated to be

2017: 3,4621

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Fiji are reported to have 16,7008 firearms

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Routine Arming of Police

In Fiji, police officers on routine patrol do not carry a firearm9

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Fiji are reported to have 2,00010 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn Fiji, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2006: 111
2004: 4
1996: 012

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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2006: 0.1211
2003: 0.49
1996: 0.0012

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual homicides by any means total

2016: 1613
2015: 2614
2014: 2015
2013: 19
2012: 1211
2011: 8
2010: 20
2009: 9
2008: 7
2007: 5
2004: 2316
2003: 25

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 1.7513
2015: 2.8614
2014: 2.2115
2013: 2.12
2012: 1.3511
2011: 0.91
2010: 2.28
2009: 1.04
2008: 0.81
2007: 0.59
2004: 2.816 17
2003: 3.1
2002: 0.9017
1997: 1.74
1996: 1.68
1995: 3.12

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Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual male homicides by any means total

2014: 818
2013: 11
2012: 13
2011: 11
2010: 14
2009: 6
2008: 6
2007: 3

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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2014: 1.8218
2013: 2.50
2012: 2.95
2011: 2.50
2010: 3.19
2009: 1.36
2008: 1.37
2007: 0.69

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Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual female homicides by any means total

2014: 1218
2013: 8
2012: 7
2011: 9
2010: 6
2009: 3
2008: 1
2007: 2

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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2014: 2.8218
2013: 1.88
2012: 1.65
2011: 2.13
2010: 1.43
2009: 0.70
2008: 0.24
2007: 0.48

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Fiji, annual firearm homicides total

2003: 411
1996: 012

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2003: 1.1511
1996: 012

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Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual suicides by any means total

2016: 10913
2015: 12814

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 11.9913
2015: 14.0814

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Gun Suicides

ChartIn Fiji, annual firearm suicides total

2016: 013
2015: 014
2012: 011
2011: 0

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2016: 0.0013
2015: 0.0014
2012: 0.0011
2011: 0.00

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn Fiji, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2012: 011
2011: 0
2006: 1
1996: 012

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.0011
2011: 0.00
2006: 0.11
1996: 0.0012

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Unintentional Male Gun Deaths

In Fiji, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total

2006: 111

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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 People

In Fiji, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is

2006: 0.2311

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Fiji, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence,19 but is not conducted in practice20

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Firearm Exports

In Fiji, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law21 22 23 24 25

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Fiji is reported by Customs to be US$15426 (2011)

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Firearm Imports

In Fiji, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law21 27 28 29 30 22 23 24 25

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Firearm Imports (Number)

The annual number of firearms imported to Fiji is reported to be

2015: 3,66731

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Fiji is reported by Customs to be US$27,46726 (2011)

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Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Fiji is low4 23

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Fiji, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law32 33 34

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Fiji do not include35 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Fiji is categorised as restrictive36

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Fiji includes the Arms and Ammunition Act 200337

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Fiji are regulated by the Commissioner of Police, and the Minister of Police38 19 39 40 41 42

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Fiji, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law43 44 35

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Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Fiji, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic weapons and those converted to have a barrel length less than 24 inches45 46

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Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Fiji, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited45 47

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Law Regulates Handguns

In Fiji, civilian possession of handguns is regulated by law45

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Law Regulates Long Guns

In Fiji, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law45

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Fiji, only licensed gun owners38 47 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Fiji are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, animal control, and sport shooting48

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Fiji is 21 years49

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Fiji must pass a background check which considers criminal and mental health38 47 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Fiji, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required35

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Fiji does not stipulate35 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Fiji, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required40 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Fiji, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every one year50 40

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Licensing Records

In Fiji, authorities maintain a record50 40 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Fiji are permitted to possess any number of firearms35

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Fiji are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition35

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Fiji, the law requires51 52 50 53 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Fiji, licensed firearm dealers are required54 55 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Fiji, State agencies are required51 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Fiji, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited without a permit54 55

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Fiji, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful54 55

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Fiji, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined35

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Fiji, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated35 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Fiji include56 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Fiji include54 57 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Fiji include58 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Fiji do not include35 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Carrying Guns

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Fiji, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited59 47

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Fiji, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is prohibited59 47

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Gun Free Zones

In Fiji, private guns are prohibited in all public places59

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Fiji, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm60 is up to five years in prison and/or a $50,000 fine61

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

Pacific Islands Forum

As a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, Fiji adopted the March, 2000 Nadi Framework agreement, which aims to harmonise small arms-related legislation across Oceania. In August 2003, the Nadi Framework’s draft model Weapons Control Bill was unanimously accepted for consideration by all 16 member states of the Pacific Islands Forum62 63

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 200864 by Fiji.

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Arms Trade Treaty

The Arms Trade Treaty has not been signed65 by Fiji

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed66 by Fiji

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Fiji committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects67

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UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Fiji against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 5868 69 70 71 among 159 Member States

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Fiji has submitted one or more national reports72 73 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Fiji, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has not been designated74 73

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UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Fiji, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated73

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Fiji submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was not apparent73

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been donated73 by Fiji to other UN Member States

UNPoA International Assistance – Recipient

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been provided73 to Fiji by other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Fiji has not declared75 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Fiji has been a Member State of the United Nations since 197076

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list77 Fiji as a Participating State

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal Profile

Link
About SDG 16

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part. SDG 16,78 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2). In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual homicides by any means total

2016: 1613
2015: 2614
2014: 2015
2013: 19
2012: 1211
2011: 8
2010: 20
2009: 9
2008: 7
2007: 5
2004: 2316
2003: 25

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2016: 1.7513
2015: 2.8614
2014: 2.2115
2013: 2.12
2012: 1.3511
2011: 0.91
2010: 2.28
2009: 1.04
2008: 0.81
2007: 0.59
2004: 2.816 17
2003: 3.1
2002: 0.9017
1997: 1.74
1996: 1.68
1995: 3.12

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Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual male homicides by any means total

2014: 818
2013: 11
2012: 13
2011: 11
2010: 14
2009: 6
2008: 6
2007: 3

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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2014: 1.8218
2013: 2.50
2012: 2.95
2011: 2.50
2010: 3.19
2009: 1.36
2008: 1.37
2007: 0.69

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Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, annual female homicides by any means total

2014: 1218
2013: 8
2012: 7
2011: 9
2010: 6
2009: 3
2008: 1
2007: 2

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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2014: 2.8218
2013: 1.88
2012: 1.65
2011: 2.13
2010: 1.43
2009: 0.70
2008: 0.24
2007: 0.48

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Fiji, annual firearm homicides total

2003: 411
1996: 012

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Fiji, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2003: 1.1511
1996: 012

Link
Conflict Deaths

For a profile of conflict in Fiji, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Disarmament

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Firearms Surrendered and Seized

In Fiji, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2010/16: 679

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Fiji, it is not state policy80 81 82 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

Marking and Tracing

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Firearm Marking

In Fiji, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law53 50 83

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Firearm Tracing

In Fiji, state authorities carry out84 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Fiji, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not35 recorded in a register

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Fiji ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Fiji on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page

Short References

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

3.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

4.

United Nations.1999.‘Analysis of Country Responses.’ United Nations International Study on Firearm Regulation.Vienna:UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division,30 August. (Q1)Full Citation

5.

GunPolicy.org.2011.‘Calculated Rates - Fiji.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,22 August. (Q4234)Full Citation

6.

Fiji.2001.‘Summary of Firearms by Category.’ Police Fact Sheet.Nadi:Fiji Police,1 May. (Q420)Full Citation

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GunPolicy.org. 2019. ‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January. (G14) Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Military Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Military-Owned Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13436)Full Citation

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Alpers, Philip and Conor Twyford.2003.‘Stockpiles and Trafficking in the Pacific: Police Inventories.’ Small Arms in the Pacific.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,31 March. (Q145)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation

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WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation

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Jackson, Thomas.2005.‘Global Gun Deaths.’ NISAT Firearm Mortality Database 2005.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 January. (Q12)Full Citation

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Fiji.2018.‘Forensic Pathology Activities 2016-2017.’ Annual Report August 2016 - July 2017.Suva:Fiji Police Force,1 June. (Q14149)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘Forensic Science Services.’ Annual Report 2015.Suva:Fiji Police Force,1 January. (Q14148)Full Citation

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UNODC.2020.‘Intentional Homicide Victims.’ dataUNODC.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q13355)Full Citation

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UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Fiji.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6247)Full Citation

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Petrini, Benjamin.2011.‘East Asia and the Pacific, 1995-2008, Total Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed, Rate per 100,000 Population.’ World Bank Homicide Rate Dataset 1995-2008.Washington, DC:Social Development Department, World Bank,10 February. (Q3814)Full Citation

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UNODC.2017.‘Intentional Homicide Victims by Sex.’ Crime and Drugs Data.Vienna:UNODC,19 May. (Q13356)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Prohibition on the Manufacture of Arms and Ammunition.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q446)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of the Republic of Fiji on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations,13 September. (Q12393)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Import and Export Licensing.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q450)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Arms and Ammunition in Transit.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4889)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Concealing and Trafficking Arms and Ammunition.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4890)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘International Transfers.’ National Report of the Republic of Fiji on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations,13 September. (Q12394)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘Record Keeping [Import and Export].’ National Report of the Republic of Fiji on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations,13 September. (Q12396)Full Citation

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Marsh, Nicholas.2014.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,22 December. (Q16)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Import and Export Licensing.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q451)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Exemption from Arms Licences.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4882)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Ports and Places of Import and Export.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4887)Full Citation

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UN Register of Conventional Arms.2018.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports and Imports.’ UNROCA - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,1 January. (Q13952)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘Brokering.’ National Report of the Republic of Fiji on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations,13 September. (Q12397)Full Citation

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Fiji.2016.‘Brokering.’ National Workshop on Arms Trade Treaty 2016 Report.Suva:Fiji Ministry of Defence, National Security and Immigration,13 May. (Q12221)Full Citation

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IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q82)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Preliminary.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4881)Full Citation

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Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

37.

Fiji.2003.‘Short Title and Commencement.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,26 August. (Q1511)Full Citation

38.

Fiji.2003.‘Licence May Be Refused.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q434)Full Citation

39.

Fiji.2003.‘Power to Grant Amnesty.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q441)Full Citation

40.

Fiji.2003.‘Issue and Renewal of Arms Licences.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4827)Full Citation

41.

Fiji.2003.‘Prohibition of Arms in Certain Areas.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4891)Full Citation

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Fiji.2003.‘Regulations.’ Arms and Ammunition Act.Suva:Office of the Attorney-General,1 January. (Q4895)Full Citation

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Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation

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46.

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Butchart, Alexander, Christopher Mikton and Etienne Krug.2014.‘Country Profile: Fiji.’ Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014.Geneva:World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),10 December. (Q9490)Full Citation

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51.

Fiji.2016.‘Record Keeping.’ National Report of the Republic of Fiji on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of the Republic of Fiji to the United Nations,13 September. (Q12400)Full Citation

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