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Estonia — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned RiflesIn Estonia, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 4,2003 Number of Privately Owned ShotgunsIn Estonia, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 28,2003 Number of Privately Owned HandgunsIn Estonia, the number of handguns in civilian possession is reported to be 10,1003 Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Estonia ranked at No. 1314 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Estonia ranked at No. 652 Proportion of Households with FirearmsProportion of Households with HandgunsNumber of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Estonia is reported to be 31,0003 Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Estonia is 2.236 Number of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Estonia is 3.536 Estimated Number of Illicit FirearmsImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Estonia, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2014: 199 10 11 2013: 24 2012: 349 10 11 12 2011: 419 10 13 11 2010: 3414 2009: 389 10 11 2008: 269 10 13 11 2007: 249 10 11 2006: 299 10 13 11 2005: 389 10 11 2004: 36 2003: 429 10 13 11 2002: 489 10 11 2001: 45 2000: 629 10 13 11 1999: 71 1998: 829 10 13 1997: 799 10 13 11 1996: 1079 10 13 1995: 151 1994: 182 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Estonia, annual homicides by any means total 2015: 4216 2014: 4215 2013: 52 2012: 65 2011: 6517 18 19 2010: 62 2009: 70 2008: 84 2007: 93 2006: 9117 20 2005: 113 2004: 9117 21 2003: 147 2002: 14217 18 2001: 137 2000: 14317 22 1999: 15722 1998: 196 1997: 17823 1996: 214 1995: 246 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Estonia, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2015: 3.2016 2014: 1.4915 2013: 1.88 2012: 2.64 2011: 3.16 2010: 2.61 2009: 5.4 2008: 6.417 18 24 2007: 7.1 2006: 6.917 20 24 2005: 8.5 2004: 6.817 21 24 2003: 11.0 2002: 10.517 18 24 2001: 10.1 2000: 10.517 22 24 1999: 11.3222 24 1998: 13.94 1997: 12.2123 24 1996: 14.60 1995: 16.58 1994: 28.2125 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Estonia, annual firearm homicides total 2014: 29 2013: 3 2012: 29 12 2011: 99 2010: 4 2009: 7 2008: 39 18 2007: 59 2006: 9 2005: 5 2004: 5 2003: 14 2002: 21 2001: 18 2000: 23 1999: 31 1998: 40 1997: 31 1996: 55 1995: 91 1994: 121 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsHandgun HomicidesLong Gun HomicidesGun Homicides (Other)Suicides (any method)Gun SuicidesHandgun SuicidesLong Gun SuicidesGun Suicides (Other)Unintentional Gun DeathsUnintentional Handgun DeathsUnintentional Gun Deaths (Other)Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Estonia, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2014: 311 2013: 4 2012: 411 12 2011: 511 2010: 8 2009: 8 2008: 3 2007: 1 2006: 5 2005: 9 2004: 7 2003: 4 2002: 6 2001: 2 2000: 7 1999: 7 1997: 6 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseHandgun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLong Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseGun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Estonia is moderate3 End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Estonia include56 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Estonia is categorised as restrictive57 Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Estonia includes the Weapons Act 2001,58 the Strategic Goods Act,40 53 the Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons,59 60 the European Union Firearms Regulation of 2012 and the Common Position on the Control of Arms Brokering of 200361 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Estonia, civilians are not allowed to possess smoothbore guns with an overall length of less than 840mm, automatic firearms, military weapons, armour-piercing, explosive, incendiary, or hollow-pointed ammunition, and silencers, laser or night sight devices68 69 70 71 72 73 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsRegulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Estonia, only licensed gun owners77 78 79 80 81 82 83 72 74 19 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Estonia, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required67 Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Estonia does not stipulate67 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodLicensing RecordsFirearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Manufacturer Record KeepingGun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Estonia is obliged90 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Estonia is obliged90 to pass official background checks before taking possession Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Estonia include106 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingBallistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Estonia, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not67 recorded in a register Gun Free ZonesIn Estonia, private guns are prohibited in public events124 Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesFirearms Surrendered and SeizedMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsEuropean UnionEuropean Union Export ReportingUnder the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, Estonia is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that Estonia has submitted one or more national reports135 on its arms transfers Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed136 by Estonia. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified137 by Estonia United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified138 by Estonia United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Estonia committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects139 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyUNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportUNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated145 by Estonia to other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Estonia has declared147 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Estonia has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1991148 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists149 Estonia as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Estonia, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Estonia ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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