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Costa Rica — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Costa Rica ranked at No. 876 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Costa Rica ranked at No. 644 Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationNumber of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsImpactsDeath and InjuryTotal Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Costa Rica, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 2014: 36117 2013: 315 2012: 29318 2011: 345 2010: 390 2009: 331 2008: 325 2007: 226 2002: 18719 20 Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Male Gun DeathsRate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleTotal Number of Female Gun DeathsHomicides (any method)ChartIn Costa Rica, annual homicides by any means total 2018: 64121 2017: 658 2016: 626 2015: 575 2014: 477 2013: 411 2012: 407 2011: 474 2010: 527 2009: 409 2008: 392 2007: 268 2006: 351 2005: 335 2004: 280 2003: 300 2002: 258 2001: 257 2000: 249 1999: 24519 1998: 224 1997: 210 1996: 189 1995: 184 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Costa Rica, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2018: 12.8521 2017: 13.35 2016: 12.85 2015: 11.94 2014: 10.03 2013: 8.75 2012: 8.78 2011: 10.36 2010: 11.67 2009: 9.18 2008: 8.92 2007: 6.19 2006: 8.0 2005: 7.8 2004: 6.6 2003: 7.2 2002: 6.3 2001: 6.4 2000: 6.4 1999: 6.419 1998: 6.0 1997: 5.8 1996: 5.3 1995: 5.3 Male Homicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Homicide Victims (any method)Gun HomicidesChartIn Costa Rica, annual firearm homicides total 2014: 30717 2013: 257 2012: 234 2011: 289 2010: 322 2009: 271 2008: 275 2007: 179 2006: 21822 19 23 2005: 19619 23 2004: 150 2003: 147 2002: 131 2001: 134 1999: 12619 1998: 118 1997: 108 1996: 95 1995: 87 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunMale Gun Homicide VictimsRate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Homicide VictimsSuicides (any method)ChartIn Costa Rica, annual suicides by any means total 2014: 26817 2013: 312 2012: 302 2011: 316 2010: 311 2009: 280 2008: 261 2007: 270 2006: 30827 28 2005: 27327 2004: 277 2003: 280 2002: 246 2001: 181 2000: 244 1995: 21120 Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Male Suicide Victims (any method)Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)Female Suicide Victims (any method)Gun SuicidesUnintentional Gun DeathsChartIn Costa Rica, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 2014: 417 2013: 2 2012: 218 2011: 3 2010: 2 2009: 4 2008: 2 2007: 2 2002: 320 Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Male Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleUnintentional Female Gun DeathsRate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleIn Costa Rica, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 2014: 0.0417 Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Costa Rica, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 2014: 717 2013: 6 2012: 418 2011: 6 2010: 24 2009: 5 2008: 7 2007: 4 2000: 1020 Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleMale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseRate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleFemale Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseLegal Intervention Gun HomicidesRate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleMale Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingFirearm ExportsFirearm ImportsIn Costa Rica, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law29 30 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 32 37 50 38 39 Firearm Imports (Number)Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Costa Rica is reported by Customs to be US$3,619,98041 (2011) Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Costa Rica is moderate8 Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Costa Rica, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law51 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Costa Rica is categorised as restrictive52 Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Costa Rica includes the Arms and Explosives Law No. 7530 of 1995,53 33 its Regulation of 2013,54 the Regulation for the Administration, Use, and Control of Firearms by the Ministry of Public Works and Transport,55 the Agreement No. 180 of 2014 on the Import of Firearms Similar to Prohibited Firearms,56 the Agreement No. 112 of 2015,57 as amended by Agreement No. 122,58 the Circular No. 147 of 2012 on Reducing the Number of Arms Belonging to the State59 and the Directive No. 0 of 201260 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Costa Rica, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, machine guns, sub-machine guns, as well as rifles and semi-automatic carbines whose magazine can hold more than ten rounds (except rimfire cartridges), silencers and armour-piercing, tracer, explosive and incendiary ammunition70 71 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsRegulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Costa Rica, only licensed gun owners76 69 77 78 79 32 80 26 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Costa Rica, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required95 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Costa Rica, licensing authorities are not required95 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Costa Rica stipulates82 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Costa Rica, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every year, only for a special licence to carry a firearm for self-defence69 Licensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsFirearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Costa Rica is obliged82 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesWaiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Costa Rica, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined95 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Costa Rica, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated95 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentFirearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Costa Rica include48 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingGun Free ZonesIn Costa Rica, private guns are prohibited in State facilities, public institutions, health and educational institutions, and in demonstrations or public meetings124 Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Costa Rica are known to have128 129 11 130 65 131 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Costa Rica, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 2015: 1,711132 2014: 1,960 2013: 1,834133 2012: 2,037134 2011: 2,291 2010/14: 38,000135 136 137 10 2010: 2,453138 2009: 3,333139 2006/08: 14,38211 2004: 3,241140 130 2003: 1,002140 2002: 1,047 Small Arms DestroyedMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Costa Rica is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material146 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Costa Rica adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified147 148 by Costa Rica Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006149 by Costa Rica. Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified150 by Costa Rica United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified151 by Costa Rica United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Costa Rica committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects152 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Costa Rica, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated159 UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Costa Rica submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent160 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated158 by Costa Rica to other UN Member States UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided158 to Costa Rica by other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Costa Rica has not declared161 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Costa Rica has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945162 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list163 Costa Rica as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Costa Rica, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Costa Rica ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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2013.‘Registration of Firearms for Hunting or Sports Shooting Purposes (Inscripción de armas para el tiro deportivo o cacería).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11471)Full Citation
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1995.‘Intervention of the Department (Intervención del Departamento).’ Arms and Explosives Law 7530 of 1995 (Ley de Armas y Explosivos, Ley 7530 de 1995).San Jose:Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica,10 July. (Q4111)Full Citation
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2013.‘Application and Requirements to Obtain a Carrying Permit for Individuals (Solicitud y requisitos para obtener el permiso de portación para personas físicas).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11478)Full Citation
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2013.‘Registration of Firearms and Ammunition Dealers (Inscripción de los establecimientos comerciales para la venta habitual de armas permitidas y su munición).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11483)Full Citation
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2013.‘Fingerprints Register (Registro de huellas dactilares).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11571)Full Citation
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