Colombia — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian Guns
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Colombia is 

2017: 4,971,0001
2012: 3,200,0002 3 4 5
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Colombia is 

2017: 10.101
2012: 6.92 4 5
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Colombia ranked at No. 306
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Colombia ranked at No. 914
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Colombia is reported to be 

2009: 882,9287 8
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Colombia is 

2009: 2.029
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Colombia is reported to be 

2017: 706,2101
2009: 1,247,6007 10
2006: 706,21011 12 13
2005: 706,21014 4
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Colombia is 

2009: 2.869
2006: 1.6411
2005: 1.709
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,15 but in Colombia there are estimated to be 

2017: 4,264,7901
2009: 800,000 - 2,400,0003
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,15 but in Colombia the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 1.93 to 5.789
Government Guns
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Number of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of Colombia are reported to have 350,68916 firearms
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Routine Arming of PoliceIn Colombia, police officers on routine patrol carry one or more firearms17
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Colombia are reported to have 283,00018 19 20 3 12 13 21 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

9,52322
10,229
12,160
13,259
14,138
15,706
16,714
14,366
14,395
23,32823 24 25
20,33726 27 28 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

20.3822
22.12
26.58
29.31
31.61
35.53
38.27
33.30
33.79
59.34
52.74
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

8,87122
9,475
11,358
12,345
13,140
14,559
15,551
13,352
13,428
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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is 

38.4222
41.47
50.26
55.24
59.47
66.67
72.07
62.64
63.80
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

64422
754
798
902
997
1,146
1,162
1,009
960
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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is 

2.7222
3.22
3.45
3.94
4.41
5.12
5.26
4.62
4.45
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Homicides (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual homicides by any means total 

12,57529
11,918
12,122
12,459
12,957
15,410
16,433
16,125
15,459
15,817
16,136
17,175
17,440
18,100
20,168
23,487
28,53430 31 32 33 34 35
27,68523 32 33 24 34 35
25,68136 32 33 34 35
23,20937 38 32 39 35
23,09640 39 38
25,379
26,84240 39
25,398
26,67640
28,048
28,225
28,28040 41
24,30440
22,772
21,604
17,447
15,735
12,922 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

26.1129
24.99
25.67
26.66
28.02
33.69
36.32
36.05
34.97
36.21
37.40
40.32
41.48
43.63
49.28
58.21
65.0030 33 34
64.023 33 34
61.0036 33 34
56.0037 38 39
54.0040 39 38
61.00
65.0040 39
86.00
89.0040
73.00
53.00
58.0040 41
73.329
70.15
68.00
56.13
51.74
43.44
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual male homicides by any means total 

11,50129
10,868
11,092
11,427
11,834
14,185
15,047
14,777
14,228
14,557
14,876
15,793
16,120
16,610
18,545
21,558
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

48.3229
46.11
47.54
49.49
51.80
62.77
67.33
66.88
65.15
67.46
69.79
75.04
77.59
81.01
91.68
108.07
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual female homicides by any means total 

1,07429
1,050
1,030
1,032
1,123
1,225
1,386
1,348
1,231
1,260
1,260
1,382
1,320
1,490
1,623
1,929
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

4.4129
4.35
4.31
4.36
4.80
5.29
6.05
5.96
5.50
5.70
5.77
6.41
6.21
7.10
7.84
9.45
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Gun HomicidesChartIn Colombia, annual firearm homicides total 

8,87422
9,417
11,31822
12,285
13,093
14,511
15,525
13,125
13,123
11,65542 31 33 43 35
12,04344 32 33 43 31 45 35
14,54546 31 39 43 45 32 35
11,30935 43 31 45 32
24,34035 43 31 32
22,45323 24 43 32 35
21,89847 34 32 35
19,55326 32 47 35
18,91047 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

18.9922
20.36
24.74
27.16
29.27
32.83
35.54
30.42
30.81
27.729 43
29.03
35.549 39 43
28.039 43
61.15
57.11
51.7747 43
50.709 47
46.3547
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Colombia, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

71.76%48
72.68%49
77%50
78%50 51
77%33 50
77.60%52 33 50 53
78.18%54 33
77.1%55 31 33
71.3%
71.6%
69.5%31 33 32
82.85%46 31 32
83.5%56 32 31
86.3%30 32 31
85.34%32 23
85.08%32 57
84.25%32
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Colombia, annual male firearm homicides total 

8,26922
8,722
10,58122
11,468
12,175
13,460
14,470
12,213
12,241
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

35.8122
38.18
46.82
51.31
55.10
61.63
67.06
57.30
58.16
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Colombia, annual female firearm homicides total 

59722
695
73522
808
917
1,050
1,054
907
875
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

2.5222
2.97
3.18
3.53
4.05
4.69
4.77
4.16
4.06
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Suicides (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual suicides by any means total 

2,34722
2,136
2,07522
2,127
2,052
2,118
2,259
2,234
2,192
1,75158 59 60
1,78661 62 59 60
1,70163 62 59 60
1,93864 62 59 60
2,04565 62 59 60
2,05666 62 59 24 60
2,07067 62 59 60
2,08968 60 62
2,04667 28
1,69267
1,613
1,59065
1,501 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

5.0222
4.62
4.54
4.70
4.59
4.79
5.17
5.18
5.15
4.0058 59 60
3.961 59 60
4.169 59 60
4.80
4.765 59 60
4.866 59 60
4.968 59 60
5.0068 60
5.068 28
4.268
4.1
4.165
4.00
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual male suicides by any means total 

1,86322
1,764
1,66922
1,739
1,669
1,720
1,812
1,783
1,736
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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

8.0722
7.72
7.39
7.78
7.55
7.88
8.40
8.37
8.25
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Colombia, annual female suicides by any means total 

48422
372
40522
387
383
398
447
451
455
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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

2.0522
1.59
1.75
1.69
1.69
1.78
2.02
2.07
2.11
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Gun SuicidesChartIn Colombia, annual firearm suicides total 

32322
382
38922
402
406
480
496
509
534
40469
41562 70
47262 71
56762 64
54962 72
62724 62 73
62162 74
70827 62 28 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.6922
0.83
0.85
0.89
0.91
1.09
1.14
1.18
1.25
0.96
1.00
1.15
1.40
1.38
1.59
1.60
1.849 28
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Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Colombia, annual male firearm suicides total 

30222
361
36622
381
380
452
463
469
501
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Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

1.3122
1.58
1.62
1.70
1.72
2.07
2.15
2.20
2.38
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Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Colombia, annual female firearm suicides total 

2122
21
2322
20
26
28
33
40
33
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Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0922
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.15
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Unintentional Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

5222
43
3822
42
35
48
45
46
72
2575
3176
5177
6078
7025 24
7379
6428 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.1122
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.17
0.06
0.07
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.19
0.1428
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

5022
41
3622
40
33
45
39
41
67
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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.2222
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.15
0.21
0.18
0.19
0.32
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Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Colombia, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

222
2
222
2
2
3
6
5
5
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Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0122
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Colombia, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

17322
210
22022
278
324
391
401
449
342
17824
1228 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.3722
0.45
0.48
0.61
0.72
0.88
0.92
1.04
0.80
0.45
0.0328
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Colombia, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

16222
198
19622
248
294
357
365
415
314
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Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.7022
0.87
0.87
1.11
1.33
1.63
1.69
1.95
1.49
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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Colombia, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

1122
12
2322
30
30
34
36
34
28
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Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0522
0.05
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.13
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Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Colombia, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total 

10122
177
195
252
280
276
247
237
324 
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Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.2222
0.38
0.43
0.56
0.63
0.62
0.57
0.55
0.76
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Male Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Colombia, annual male legal-intervention gun homicides total 

8822
153
179
208
258
245
214
214
305
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Rate of Male Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of male legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.3822
0.67
0.79
0.93
1.17
1.12
0.99
1
1.45
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Female Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Colombia, annual female legal-intervention gun homicides total 

1322
24
15
42
22
31
33
23
19
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Rate of Female Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Colombia, the annual rate of female legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0522
0.10
0.06
0.18
0.10
0.14
0.15
0.11
0.09
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Non-fatal Gun InjuriesIn Colombia, the annual number of non-fatal firearm injuries is 

6,79780
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Rate of Non-fatal Gun Injury per 100,000 PeopleIn Colombia, the annual rate of non-fatal firearm injury per 100,000 population is 

17.299

ProductionGun IndustryCompare
Regulation of Firearm MakersIn Colombia, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is prohibited, for all excluding official government manufacturers81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92
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Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Colombia was ranked 'small'93
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Home-made GunsIn Colombia, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be high94 95 96

TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingCompare
Firearm ExportsIn Colombia, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law82 97 98 99 100 92 101 102 103 104
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Firearm Exports (Number)ChartThe annual number of firearms exported from Colombia is reported by manufacturers to be 

2009: 155105
2007: 350
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Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Colombia is reported by Customs to be US$7,848,243106 (2011)
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Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Colombia was categorized as 'minor'107
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Firearm ImportsIn Colombia, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law81 82 97 98 99 100 92 101 102 103 90
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Firearm Imports (Number)The annual number of firearms imported to Colombia is reported to be 

2009: 2,150105
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Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Colombia is reported by Customs to be US$53,773,869106 (2011)108 109 110 111
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Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Colombia is high112 113 95 91 114 115 116
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Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Colombia, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law117 118 119
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End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Colombia include98 120 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use
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Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Colombia scored 

2014: 8.50121
2013: 8.75122 

MeasuresGun RegulationCompare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Colombia is categorised as restrictive123
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Colombia includes the Constitution, Article 223,81 the Decree 2535 of 1993,124 the Decree 0006 of 1993,125 the Decree 356 of 1994,125 the Decree 1809 of 1994,126 the Decree 2685 of 1999,127 the Law 599 of 2000 (Penal Code), Articles 365 and 366, as amended by Articles 38 and 55 of the Law 1142 of 2007, the Law 1119 of 2006128 the Decree 626 of 2001,125 the Decree 334 and Decree 1612 of 2002125
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Colombia are regulated by the Arms Committee of the Ministry of National Defence,129 130 the Head of the Department for the Trade Control of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives, the Chiefs of Staff of the Tactical Operations Units or their equivalent in the Navy or the Air Force and the Executive and Deputy-Heads of Tactical Units of the National Army, or their equivalents in the Navy and the Air Force131
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Colombia, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law132 133 81 134
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Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Colombia, civilians are not allowed to possess pistols and revolvers of calibre superior to 9.652mm, automatic arms, semi-automatic rifles and carbines over .22 calibre LR, arms with military-style devices (infrared and laser sights, grenade launchers and silencers),135 126 136 and explosive, toxic, expanding and fragmenting ammunition 137
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Regulation of Automatic WeaponsIn Colombia, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited with only narrow exemptions135 138 139 140 51
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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Colombia, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is prohibited with only narrow exemptions135 140
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Regulation of HandgunsIn Colombia, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence141 135 138 139 140 51
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Law Regulates Long GunsIn Colombia,  civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law141 135 51
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Colombia, only licensed gun owners81 134 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 84 149 150 151 51 130 90 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Colombia are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example personal protection, security, hunting, target shooting, collection152 148 143 153 146 149 150 151
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Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Colombia is 18 years151
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Colombia must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health, health and addiction148 154 151 51 records
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Reference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Colombia, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required155
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Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Colombia, licensing authorities are not required155 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence
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Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Colombia stipulates156 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked
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Firearm Safety TrainingIn Colombia, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required (for surveillance or private security services)157 for a firearm licence
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Gun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Colombia, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every ten years (for firearms not to be carried outside of the house or property),146 three years (for self-defence) and one year (for restricted weapons)158 159
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Licensing RecordsIn Colombia, authorities maintain a record160 161 12 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Limit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Colombia are permitted to possess two firearms for individuals147 139 and up to five firearms for legal persons and rural properties162 163 164
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Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Colombia are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition155
Firearm Registration
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Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Colombia, the law requires165 166 160 140 167 161 12 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
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Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Colombia, licensed firearm dealers are required90 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
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Gun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Colombia, licensed gun makers are required86 168 165 166 90 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority
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State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Colombia, State agencies are required165 166 160 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control
Gun Sales and Transfers
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Regulation of Private Gun SalesIn Colombia, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited,82 except in rare cases and with authorisation169 170 171
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Colombia, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful82 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 90 91
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Number of Licensed Gun DealersThe number of licensed firearm dealers in Colombia is reported to be 

2006: 3492 91
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Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Colombia, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined155
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Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Colombia, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated155 in law
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Colombia include176 150 177 178 159 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Colombia include86 85 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Colombia include178 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities
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Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Colombia include144 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit
Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm MarkingIn Colombia, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law88 179 180 181 182 183 167 90
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Firearm TracingIn Colombia, state authorities carry out160 184 185 90 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures
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Ballistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Colombia, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not181 recorded in a register
Carrying Guns
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Law Regulates Firearms in PublicIn Colombia, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law81 134 186 158 147 159 51 10 90
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Carrying Guns Openly in PublicIn Colombia, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit81 134 186 158 147 159 51 10
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Carrying Hidden Handguns in PublicIn Colombia, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit81 134 186 158 147 159 51 10
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Gun Free ZonesIn Colombia, private guns are prohibited in political meetings, elections or public corporations' meetings81
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Penalty for Illicit Firearm PossessionIn Colombia, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm187 is 12 years in prison188 189 159 190
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Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Colombia are known to have191 192 193 194 195 196 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation
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Surrendered in Gun AmnestyChartIn Colombia, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 

2010: 250194
2005: 418,688197
2004: 743,688
2003-06: 18,051198
2003: 488197
1996-97: 2,688
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Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Colombia, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 

2013: 44,139199 200 201
2012: 75,213
2011: 42,062202 201
2010: 44,572201
2009: 47,941203 204 205
2008: 45,725203
2007: 56,682206 195 207
2006: 70,036206 208
2005: 20,967209
2004: 71,937210 209
2003: 54,756
2002: 18,409209
2001: 15,195
2000: 15,637
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Small Arms DestroyedChartIn Colombia, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 

2013: 41,073200
2012: 74,359
2011: 42,052211
2010: 9,487194
2009: 26,014193 7
2008: 27,864
2007: 28,103195 7
2005: 418,688197
2004: 743,688
2003/06: 141,719212
2003: 488
2002: 15,026196
1997: 2,688197
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Colombia, it is not state policy213 214 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls
Regional Agreements
Andean CommunityAs a member of the Andean Community, Colombia 

adopted Decision 552: The Andean Plan to Prevent, Fight and Eradicate Illicit Trafficking in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects in June, 2003215
Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Colombia adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified216 217 by Colombia
United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal JusticeThe UNCCPCJ, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, lists218 Colombia as an elected member
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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2008219 by Colombia.
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Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed, but not yet ratified220 by Colombia
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United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed221 by Colombia
United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA
UNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Colombia committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects222
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UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreIn its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Colombia against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 36223 224 225 226 among 159 Member States
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UNPoA National ReportingUnder the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Colombia has submitted one or more national reports227 228 on its implementation of the UNPoA
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UNPoA National Point of ContactIn Colombia, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated229 228
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UNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Colombia, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated229
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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Colombia submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent230 229
UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated228 by Colombia to other UN Member States
UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided228 to Colombia by other UN Member States
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United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Colombia has declared231 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.
United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Colombia has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945232
Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list233 Colombia as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry ProfileLink
Conflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Colombia, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Colombia ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

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136.: Colombia.1993.‘Prohibited Firearms (Armas Prohibidas).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9729)Full Citation
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138.: Colombia.1993.‘Restricted Firearms (Armas de Uso Restringido).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogotá:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q5226)Full Citation
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140.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5363)Full Citation
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144.: Colombia.1993.‘Transport of Firearms (Transporte de Armas).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9732)Full Citation
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147.: Colombia.1993.‘Authorisations for Individuals (Autorizaciones a Personas Naturales).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9736)Full Citation
148.: Colombia.1993.‘Requirements for the Request of an Ownership Permit (Requisitos para Solicitud de Permiso para Tenencia).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9740)Full Citation
149.: Colombia.1993.‘Firearm Collectors (Coleccionistas de Armas de Fuego).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9752)Full Citation
150.: Colombia.1994.‘Permits for Firearm Collectors (Permisos para Coleccionistas de Armas).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9767)Full Citation
151.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5410)Full Citation
152.: Colombia.1993.‘Classification (Clasificación).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogotá:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q5227)Full Citation
153.: Colombia.1993.‘Requirements for the Request of a Carrying Permit (Requisitos para Solicitud de Permiso para Porte).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9741)Full Citation
154.: Colombia.1994.‘Medical Certificate (Certificado Médico).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9761)Full Citation
155.: Colombia.1993.‘Scope (Ambito).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogotá:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q12039)Full Citation
156.: Colombia.2008.‘Protection Measures in Cases of Domestic Violence (Medidas de Protección en Casos de Violencia Intrafamiliar).’ Law 1257 of 2008 on Violence and Discrimination against Women (Ley 1257 de 2008 sobre Violencia y Discriminación contra las Mujeres).Bogotá:Congress of Colombia,4 December. (Q5143)Full Citation
157.: Colombia.1993.‘Fitness for the Use of Firearms (Idoneidad para el Uso de Armas).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9755)Full Citation
158.: Colombia.1993.‘Carrying Permit (Permiso para Porte).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9735)Full Citation
159.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5431)Full Citation
160.: Colombia.2010.‘Marking, Registration and Tracing (Marcado, Registro y Localización).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q3411)Full Citation
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162.: Colombia.1993.‘Authorisations for Legal Persons (Autorizaciones para Personas Jurídicas).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9737)Full Citation
163.: Colombia.1993.‘Authorisations for Rural Properties (Autorizaciones para Inmuebles Rurales).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9738)Full Citation
164.: Colombia.1993.‘Use of Firearms by Private Security and Surveillance Services (Uso de Armas para Servicios de Vigilancia y Seguridad Privada).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9754)Full Citation
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166.: Colombia.2008.‘Marking (Marcación).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q3493)Full Citation
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169.: Colombia.1993.‘Request for the Transfer of the Use of Firearms (Solicitud para la Cesión del Uso de Armas).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9742)Full Citation
170.: Colombia.1993.‘Transfer Process (Procedencia de la Cesión).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9743)Full Citation
171.: Colombia.1994.‘Transfer of Firearms for Restricted Purposes (Cesión de Armas de Uso Restringido).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9762)Full Citation
172.: Colombia.1993.‘Ammunition Sales (Venta de Municiones).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9744)Full Citation
173.: Colombia.1993.‘Sales to Club Members (Venta a Socios).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9751)Full Citation
174.: Colombia.1994.‘Ammunition Sales to Club Members (Venta de Municiones a Socios de Clubes).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9766)Full Citation
175.: Colombia.1994.‘Ammunition Sale for Private Security (Venta de Munición para Seguridad Privada).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9769)Full Citation
176.: Colombia.1993.‘Storage (Depósito).’ Decree 2535 of 1993 on Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (Decreto 2535 de 1993 sobre Armas, Municiones y Explosivos).Bogota:Presidency of Colombia,17 December. (Q9753)Full Citation
177.: Colombia.1994.‘Security Measures for Firearm Collectors (Medidas de Seguridad para Coleccionistas).’ Decree No. 1809 of 1994, Firearms Regulation.Bogota:President of the Republic of Colombia,3 August. (Q9768)Full Citation
178.: Colombia.2008.‘Stockpile Management (Gestión de los Arsenales).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q3558)Full Citation
179.: Colombia.2002.‘Firearm Marking - Act 737 of 2002 (Ley 737 de 2002).’ Act No. 737 of 2002, on the Implementation of the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials.Bogota:Republic of Colombia,5 March. (Q9851)Full Citation
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182.: Colombia.2006.‘Marking, Record-keeping and Tracing (Marcado, Mantenimiento de Registros y Localización).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,14 March. (Q9779)Full Citation
183.: Colombia.2003.‘Marking, Tracing and Record Keeping (Marcaje, Rastreo y Archivo).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,30 April. (Q3495)Full Citation
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199.: Colombia.2014.‘Confiscation and Seizure.’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,2 March. (Q9926)Full Citation
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202.: Colombia.2012.‘Confiscation and Seizure (Confiscación y Expropiación).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,2 March. (Q9929)Full Citation
203.: Colombia.2010.‘Seized Firearms in 2008, 2009 and 2010 (Armas Incautadas en 2008, 2009 y 2010).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q9772)Full Citation
204.: Rodríguez, Cesar Mauricio.2010.‘Multicriminal Symbiosis of Arms Trafficking (Simbiosis multicriminal del tráfico de armas).’ IX Seminar: Control of Arms Transfers and Trafficking - Compilation (IX Seminario: Control del Tráfico y Transferencia de Armas de Fuego - Sistematización).Santa Marta:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime / UNODC,25 February. (Q8985)Full Citation
205.: Colombia.2010.‘Information Exchange (Intercambio de Información).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q9773)Full Citation
206.: Colombia.2008.‘Types of Seized Firearms 2006–2007 (Incautación de Armas según Clase 2006-2007).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 March. (Q9778)Full Citation
207.: Urrutia, Nicolas, Miguel Ortegoa, Gustavo Andrade and An Vranckx.2009.‘Seized Firearms.’ Arms Tracing: Perspectives on Control, Traffic and Use of Illegal Weapons in Colombia.Bogotá:University of Ghent, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belgium, Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP),1 November. (Q9974)Full Citation
208.: Cellone, Maria Paula.2010.‘Firearm Collection Programmes (Planes de Recolección de Armas).’ Plurinational Meeting: Transfer and Illicit trafficking in Firearms: Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile.New York, NY:Fundación Arias para la Paz y el Progreso Humano (ARIAS) y el Centro de Estudios Judiciales,4 October. (Q11398)Full Citation
209.: Calvani, Sandro and Stefan Liller.2006.‘Firearms Seized by the Police 2000-2005.’ Violence, Crime and Illegal Arms Trafficking in Colombia.Bogota:United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC),1 December. (Q11631)Full Citation
210.: Colombia.2006.‘Seized Firearms and Ammunition 2003-2004 (Armas de Fuego Incautadas 2003-2004).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,14 March. (Q9782)Full Citation
211.: Colombia.2012.‘Collection (Recogida).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,2 March. (Q9930)Full Citation
212.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q11758)Full Citation
213.: Colombia.2014.‘Surplus.’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,2 March. (Q9925)Full Citation
214.: Colombia.2016.‘Surplus (Excedentes).’ National Report of Colombia on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Colombia to the United Nations,1 April. (Q12305)Full Citation
215.: UNODA.2003.‘Decision 552: Andean Plan to Prevent, Fight and Eradicate Illicit Trafficking in Small Arms and Light Weapons in all its Aspects.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Andean Community / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,11 April. (Q3220)Full Citation
216.: OAS / UNODA.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials / CIFTA.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Organization of American States / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 November. (Q3244)Full Citation
217.: OAS.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA): Signatures and Ratifications.’ Organization of American States, Department of International Law.Washington, DC:Organization of American States,14 November. (Q3262)Full Citation
218.: UNCCPCJ / UNODC.1991.‘Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice.’ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Vienna:United Nations Economic and Social Council / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q3222)Full Citation
219.: GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
220.: UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
221.: UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
222.: UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
223.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
224.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
225.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
226.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
227.: Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
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