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Burkina Faso — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

ChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Burkina Faso is

2017: 175,0001
2007: 148,0002 3

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

ChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Burkina Faso is

2017: 0.901
2007: 1.12

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Number of Privately Owned Shotguns

In Burkina Faso, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 2,0004

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Number of Privately Owned Handguns

In Burkina Faso, the number of handguns in civilian possession is reported to be 5004

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Burkina Faso ranked at No. 1265

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Burkina Faso ranked at No. 1492

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Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

The number of licensed gun owners in Burkina Faso is reported to be 1,0004

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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

The rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Burkina Faso is 0.016

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Burkina Faso are reported to have 43,7807 firearms

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Burkina Faso are reported to have 43,0008 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Total Number of Gun Deaths

In Burkina Faso, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

1995: 5009

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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

1995: 5.056

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Burkina Faso, annual homicides by any means total

2015: 6710
2014: 138
2013: 122
2012: 84
2011: 82
2010: 93
2009: 77
2008: 108
2007: 94

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Burkina Faso, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2015: 0.3710
2014: 0.78
2013: 0.71
2012: 0.51
2011: 0.51
2010: 0.59
2009: 0.51
2008: 0.73
2007: 0.66
2006: 4.67
2005: 0.85
2004: 9.57
2003: 1.02
2002: 7.06
2001: 1.1211
2000: 1.02
1998: 0.38
1997: 0.25
1996: 0.58

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Male Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Burkina Faso, annual male homicides by any means total

2015: 5012
2010: 6112

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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2015: 0.5512

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Female Homicide Victims (any method)

ChartIn Burkina Faso, annual female homicides by any means total

2015: 1712
2010: 3012

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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2015: 0.1912

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Gun Homicides

In Burkina Faso, annual firearm homicides total

1995: 49

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

1995: 0.039

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Suicides (any method)

In Burkina Faso, annual suicides by any means total

1995: 1009

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

1995: 0.779

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Gun Suicides

In Burkina Faso, annual firearm suicides total

1995: 159

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

1995: 0.129

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

In Burkina Faso, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

1995: 59

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

1995: 0.049

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Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

In Burkina Faso, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

1995: 4769

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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

In Burkina Faso, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

1995: 3.669

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Burkina Faso, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence13 14

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Home-made Guns

In Burkina Faso, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be high3 15 16

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Firearm Exports

In Burkina Faso, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law17 18 19 20

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Burkina Faso is reported by Customs to be US$47,41621 (2011)

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Firearm Imports

In Burkina Faso, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law17 18 19 20 22 23

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Firearm Imports (Number)

The annual number of firearms imported to Burkina Faso is reported to be

2016: 5,24324

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Burkina Faso is reported by Customs to be US$953,88521 (2011)

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Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Burkina Faso is moderate25 26 27

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Burkina Faso, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law28

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Burkina Faso include20 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Burkina Faso is categorised as restrictive29

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Burkina Faso includes the Decree No.2009/301 of 8 May 2009 Governing the System for Arms and Munitions in Burkina Faso,30 the Decree No. 2006/174 on the National Commission for the Fight Against the Proliferation of Small Arms (CNLPAL), the Decree No. 2007/049 on the High Authority for the Control of Arms Imports and their Use,22 the Decree No. 2015/809 of 7 July 2015 modifying the Decree No. 2002/556 of 27 November 2002 on the delegation of signature of the President of Burkina Faso,18 the Order No. 81-1 of 1981 on Firearm Imports and Manufacturing and the Criminal Code20

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Burkina Faso are regulated by the Ministry of National Defence and Ministry of Security18 22

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Burkina Faso, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law31 32

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Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Burkina Faso, civilians are not allowed to possess handguns with a calibre over 7.65mm4

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Law Regulates Automatic Weapons

In Burkina Faso, civilian possession of automatic weapons is regulated by law33

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Regulation of Handguns

In Burkina Faso, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence, for handguns up to 7.65mm4 33

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Law Regulates Long Guns

In Burkina Faso, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law33

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Burkina Faso, only licensed gun owners3 33 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Burkina Faso are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example personal protection3

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Burkina Faso is 18 years3

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Burkina Faso must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health and domestic violence4 33 records

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Burkina Faso stipulates34 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Licensing Records

In Burkina Faso, authorities maintain a record4 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Burkina Faso, the law requires35 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Burkina Faso, licensed firearm dealers are required36 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Burkina Faso, licensed gun makers are required14 36 37 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Burkina Faso, State agencies are required38 39 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Burkina Faso do not include4 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Burkina Faso include38 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Burkina Faso include4 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Marking

In Burkina Faso, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law14 19 37

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Firearm Tracing

In Burkina Faso, state authorities carry out36 39 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Burkina Faso, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not37 recorded in a register

Carrying Guns

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Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In Burkina Faso, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law3 33

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Burkina Faso, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited3

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Burkina Faso, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit3

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Burkina Faso, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm40 is six months in prison and/or a fine3

Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

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Firearms Surrendered and Seized

ChartIn Burkina Faso, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2013: 1,23141
2012: 852
2011: 174

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Small Arms Destroyed

In Burkina Faso, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be

2009: 2,12742

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Burkina Faso, it is state policy38 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

African Union

In June 2006, as a member of the African Union, Burkina Faso adopted an African Common Position to take to the Conference to Review the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA), held in June 200643 44

Economic Community of West African States

In June 2006, as a member of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Burkina Faso adopted the ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition and other Related Materials. This stipulates strict controls on the transfer, manufacture, possession and security of small arms and light weapons45

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 200746 by Burkina Faso.

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Arms Trade Treaty

The Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified47 by Burkina Faso

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified48 by Burkina Faso

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Burkina Faso committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects49

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UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Burkina Faso against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 3150 51 52 53 among 159 Member States

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Burkina Faso has submitted one or more national reports54 55 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Burkina Faso, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated56 55

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UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Burkina Faso, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated56 55

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Burkina Faso submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent56 55

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated55 by Burkina Faso to other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Burkina Faso has not declared57 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Burkina Faso has been a Member State of the United Nations since 196058

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list59 Burkina Faso as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in Burkina Faso, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Burkina Faso ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Civilian Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Civilian-Held Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13434)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

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Le Pays.2016.‘The August 1983 Revolution Encouraged the Illicit Circulation of Firearms.’ Le Pays (Burkina Faso).Ouagadougou:Le Pays (Burkina Faso),25 February. (Q11675)Full Citation

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United Nations.1999.‘Analysis of Country Responses.’ United Nations International Study on Firearm Regulation.Vienna:UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division,30 August. (Q1)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

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GunPolicy.org.2014.‘Calculated Rates - Burkina Faso.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,4 July. (Q4213)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Military Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Military-Owned Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13436)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation

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Petrini, Benjamin.2011.‘Sub-Saharan Africa, 1995-2008, Total Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed, Rate per 100,000 Population.’ World Bank Homicide Rate Dataset 1995-2008.Washington, DC:Social Development Department, World Bank,10 February. (Q3812)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2018.‘Manufacture (Fabrication).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13530)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2016.‘Manufacture (Fabrication).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q12454)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2018.‘Manufacture (Fabrication).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13531)Full Citation

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Florquin, Nicolas, Sigrid Lipott and Francis Wairagu.2019.‘Excerpts on Illicit/Craft Production - Burkina Faso.’ Weapons Compass: Mapping Illicit Small Arms Flows in Africa.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 January. (Q13968)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2018.‘International Transfers (Transferts internationaux).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13532)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2015.‘Articles 1 and 2 - Decree No.2015-809.’ Decree No.2015-809/PRES-TRANS/PM of July 7, 2015, amending Decree No. 2002-556/PRES of 27 November 2002 on the delegation of signature.Ouagadougou:Prime Minister of Burkina Faso,7 July. (Q13578)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2016.‘International Transfers (Transferts internationaux).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q12455)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2014.‘International Transfers (Transferts internationaux).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,20 January. (Q12453)Full Citation

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Marsh, Nicholas.2014.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,22 December. (Q16)Full Citation

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Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Comparison of the Main Regulatory Aspects Examined - Burkina Faso.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q4002)Full Citation

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IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q82)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2018.‘International Transfers (Transferts internationaux).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13533)Full Citation

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Florquin, Nicolas, Sigrid Lipott, and Francis Wairagu.2019.‘Excerpts on Trafficking - Burkina Faso.’ Weapons Compass: Mapping Illicit Small Arms Flows in Africa.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 January. (Q13967)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2018.‘Brokering (Courtage).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13534)Full Citation

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Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2009.‘Decree No. 2009-301 (Décret n°2009-301).’ Decree No. 2009-301/PRES/PM/ SECU/MATD/MEF/DEF/MECV/MJ/MCPEA of May 8, 2009, on the civilian arms and ammunition regime in Burkina Faso.Ouagadougou:Ministry of National Security,8 May. (Q13744)Full Citation

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GERDDES.2011.‘Burkina Faso Legislation on Armed Domestic Violence (Législation du Burkina Faso sur les violences domestiques armées).’ Email response to request for information on legal provisions with regard to firearms and domestic violence.Cotonou:Research Group on the Democratic, Economic, and Social Development of Africa (GERDDES),14 June. (Q5398)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2005.‘Tracing (Traçage).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,21 January. (Q4804)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2005.‘Management and Securing of the Armed Forces Firearms Stockpiles (Gestion et Sécurisation des Stocks des Armes dans les Forces Armées).’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,21 January. (Q4805)Full Citation

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Burkina Faso.2012.‘Firearms Destroyed.’ National Report of Burkina Faso on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Burkina Faso to the United Nations,1 January. (Q12452)Full Citation

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