Bulgaria — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Bulgaria is 

2017: 590,0001
2007: 480,0002 3
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Bulgaria is 

2017: 8.401
2007: 6.22
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Bulgaria ranked at No. 844
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Bulgaria ranked at No. 882
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Proportion of Adults Living in a Home With a GunIn Bulgaria, the percentage of adults living in a household with a firearm is reported to be 

2015: 7%5
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Proportion of Households with FirearmsIn Bulgaria, the percentage of households with one or more guns is reported to be 

2005: 9.7%6
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Proportion of Households with HandgunsIn Bulgaria, the percentage of households with one or more handguns is reported to be 

2005: 6.6%6
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Bulgaria is reported to be 

2014: 211,4863
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Bulgaria is 

2014: 2.937
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Bulgaria is reported to be 

2017: 345,7331
2014: 300,5833
2005: 300,0002
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Bulgaria is 

2014: 4.167
2005: 3.94
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsChartUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Bulgaria there are estimated to be 

2017: 244,2671
2006: 93,2069
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,8 but in Bulgaria the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 1.227
Government GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of Bulgaria are reported to have 176,64010 firearms
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Bulgaria are reported to have 59,40011 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

10912
12613 14 15 16
12013 14 15 16 17
9918
10713 14 15 16
170
136
107
135
139
12813 14 15
155
148
153
154
13313 14 15 19
19413 14 15 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

1.5112
1.73
1.64
1.35
1.45
2.29
1.82
1.42
1.79
1.83
1.67
2.01
1.90
1.95
1.95
1.67
2.41
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Bulgaria, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

10012
11412
112
93
97
155
119
102
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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is 

2.8312
3.21
3.13
2.59
2.68
4.26
3.25
2.77
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Bulgaria, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

912
1212
8
6
10
15
17
5
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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is 

0.2412
0.32
0.21
0.16
0.27
0.40
0.45
0.13
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Homicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual homicides by any means total 

8120
129
9612
90
110
97
113
150
129
145
186
199
244
247
25521
308
332
327
381
398
438
494 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.1320
1.79
1.3312
1.24
1.51
1.32
1.53
2.02
1.73
1.93
2.4
2.6
3.2
3.2
3.221 22
3.9
4.1
4.1
4.7
4.9
5.3
5.9
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual male homicides by any means total 

5923
100
6412
59
83
69
79
110
84
112
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.7023
2.87
1.8112
1.66
2.32
1.92
2.18
3.02
2.30
3.04
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual female homicides by any means total 

2223
29
3212
31
27
28
34
40
45
33
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.6023
0.79
0.8712
0.83
0.72
0.75
0.90
1.06
1.18
0.86
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Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual firearm homicides total 

1120
21
18
24
2513 24 17
39
26
47
2813 24 21
33
27
49
5913 21
74
6513
73
7013 21
51
88
11021
105
107 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.2020
0.30
0.30
0.34
0.34
0.50
0.42
0.63
0.38
0.44
0.35
0.63
0.7613 21
0.95
0.8313
0.92
0.8613 21
0.62
1.07
0.521
0.5
0.5
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Bulgaria, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

18%24
32%24 25
22%24
29%
30%
31%
24%
22%
18.8%21
20.6%
19.0%
20.8%
14.2%
27.6%
24.0%
21.7%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual male firearm homicides total 

1520
20
19
31
21
37
19
30
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.4020
0.60
0.50
0.90
0.60
1.02
0.52
0.82
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual female firearm homicides total 

320
4
6
8
5
10
9
3
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0512
0.10
0.20
0.20
0.10
0.26
0.24
0.08
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Handgun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual handgun homicides total 

1713
17
11
22
22
1413
20
10
29 
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Rate of Handgun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of handgun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.2313
0.23
0.15
0.29
0.29
0.1813
0.26
0.13
0.37
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Long Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual long gun homicides total 

213
4
3
1
4
513
3
1 
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Rate of Long Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of long gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0313
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.05
0.0713
0.04
0.01
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Gun Homicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual gun homicides (other) total 

613
4
3
8
21
913
10
16
20 
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Rate of Gun Homicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of gun homicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.0813
0.05
0.04
0.11
0.28
0.1213
0.13
0.21
0.26
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Suicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual suicides by any means total 

72212
72012
872
763
859
868
939
902
1,30719 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

9.9912
9.91
11.93
10.38
11.62
11.69
12.58
12.01
16.5519
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual male suicides by any means total 

55112
57212
673
605
649
662
694
663
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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

15.6012
16.10
18.83
16.82
17.94
18.20
18.98
18.02
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual female suicides by any means total 

17112
14812
199
158
210
206
245
239
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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

4.6312
3.98
5.33
4.21
5.57
5.43
6.43
6.24
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Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual firearm suicides total 

5312
7314
7114 17
6414
58
83
71
57
75
55
57
65
73
64
70
55
87 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.7312
1
0.97
0.87
0.78
1.12
0.95
0.76
0.97
0.71
0.73
0.83
0.93
0.81
0.86
0.67
1.05
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Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual male firearm suicides total 

5112
7112
69
62
54
81
66
55
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Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

1.4412
2
1.93
1.72
1.49
2.23
1.80
1.49
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Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual female firearm suicides total 

212
212
2
2
4
2
5
2
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Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0512
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.11
0.05
0.13
0.05
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Handgun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual handgun suicides total 

3614
49
43
43
55
35
32
49
36 
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Rate of Handgun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of handgun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.5014
0.67
0.59
0.57
0.73
0.46
0.42
0.64
0.47
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Long Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, the number of long gun suicides is 

714
3
2
1
12
8
7
5
3 
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Rate of Long Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of long gun suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1014
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.16
0.10
0.09
0.06
0.04
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Gun Suicides (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual gun suicides (other) total 

3014
19
19
14
16
28
18
21
16 
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Rate of Gun Suicide (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of gun suicide (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.4114
0.26
0.26
0.19
0.21
0.37
0.24
0.27
0.21
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Unintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

1912
1715
1715 17
1015
12
26
25
12
25
23
12
16
10
16
14
20
19 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.2612
0.23
0.23
0.14
0.16
0.35
0.33
0.16
0.32
0.3
0.15
0.2
0.13
0.2
0.17
0.24
0.23
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

1712
1712
14
9
12
24
24
12
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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.4812
0.48
0.39
0.25
0.33
0.66
0.66
0.33
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Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

212
012
3
1
0
2
1
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Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0512
0.08
0.03
0.05
0.03
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Unintentional Handgun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional shooting deaths by handgun total 

215
7
5
5
10
9
8
11
13 
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Rate of Unintentional Handgun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by handgun per 100,000 population is 

0.0315
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.13
0.12
0.10
0.14
0.17
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Unintentional Long Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional shooting deaths by long gun total 

315
3
1
2
2
2
4 
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Rate of Unintentional Long Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by long gun per 100,000 population is 

0.0415
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
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Unintentional Gun Deaths (Other)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual unintentional shooting deaths by firearm (other) total 

1215
7
4
5
14
14
4
10
10 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death (Other) per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by firearm (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.1715
0.10
0.05
0.07
0.18
0.18
0.05
0.13
0.13
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

1012
1116
716 17
816
6
14
12
5
8
12
719 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.1412
0.15
0.10
0.11
0.08
0.19
0.16
0.07
0.10
0.16
0.0919
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Bulgaria, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

912
912
7
7
6
13
10
5
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Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.2512
0.25
0.20
0.19
0.17
0.36
0.27
0.14
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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Bulgaria, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

112
212
0
1
0
1
2
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Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0312
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.05
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Handgun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual deaths by handgun in which the cause remains undecided total 

316
1
6
2
3
1 
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Rate of Handgun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause handgun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0416
0.01
0.08
0.03
0.04
0.01
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Long Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual deaths by long gun in which the cause remains undecided total 

316
3
2
2
1
1 
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Rate of Long Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause long gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0416
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.01
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Gun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Bulgaria, annual deaths by firearm (other) in which the cause remains undecided total 

816
4
5
4
11
6
2
5
10 
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Rate of Gun Death (Other) from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of unknown-cause gun deaths (other) per 100,000 population is 

0.1116
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.15
0.08
0.03
0.06
0.13
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Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.In Bulgaria, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total 

1512
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Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.2112
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Male Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesIn Bulgaria, annual male legal-intervention gun homicides total 

1312
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Rate of Male Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.3712
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Female Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesIn Bulgaria, annual female legal-intervention gun homicides total 

212
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Rate of Female Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0512

ProductionGun IndustryCompare
Regulation of Firearm MakersIn Bulgaria, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence26 27 28 29 30
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Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Bulgaria was ranked 'medium'31
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Home-made GunsIn Bulgaria, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be low32

TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingCompare
Firearm ExportsIn Bulgaria, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
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Firearm Exports (Number)ChartThe annual number of firearms exported from Bulgaria is reported by manufacturers to be 

2018: 66,06142
2017: 41,854
2016: 60,944
2015: 29,025
2014: 60,58943
2013: 44,060
2012: 68,943
2011: 103,443
2010: 45,301
2009: 38,398
2008: 32,101
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Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Bulgaria is reported by Customs to be US$

2016: 458,000,00044
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Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Bulgaria was categorized as 'major'45 46
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Firearm ImportsIn Bulgaria, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
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Firearm Imports (Number)ChartThe annual number of firearms imported to Bulgaria is reported to be 

2018: 7,63742
2017: 5,233
2016: 4,626
2015: 26,556
2014: 5,46143
2013: 6,788
2012: 8,816
2011: 1,285
2009: 5,083
2008: 7,388
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Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Bulgaria is reported by Customs to be US$

2016: 26,000,00047
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Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Bulgaria is low48
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Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Bulgaria, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law49 50 36 51 52
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End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Bulgaria include53 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use
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Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Bulgaria scored 

2019: 12.0054
2018: 13.0055
2016: 12.5056
2014: 13.2557
2013: 12.0058
2012: 11.2559
2011: 12.0060
2010: 10.5061
2009: 7.5062
2008: 6.2563
2007: 2.0064
2006: 4.2565
2005: 4.2566
2004: 0.0067 

MeasuresGun RegulationCompare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Bulgaria is categorised as restrictive68
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Bulgaria includes the Law on Arms, Ammunitions, Explosive Substances and Pyrotechnical Articles of 2012,27 69 the Law on the Control of Foreign Trade Activity in Arms and in Dual–Use Goods and Technologies,70 the Law on Export Control on Defence ­related Products and Dual-­use Items and Technologies and its regulation,33 49 the Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons,71 72 la Regulación de la Unión Europa de armas de fuego de 2012 y la Posición Común sobre el control de corretaje de armas de 200373
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Bulgaria are regulated by the Ministry of the Interior,74 75 and the European Commission72
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Bulgaria, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law76 77 78
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Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Bulgaria, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, firearms disguised as other objects, and armour-piercing, incendiary and expanding ammunition79 80
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Regulation of Automatic WeaponsIn Bulgaria, private possession of fully automatic weapons is permitted under licence78 79 80 25
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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Bulgaria, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence78 81 82 80
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Regulation of HandgunsIn Bulgaria, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence78 79 81 82 80 25
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Law Regulates Long GunsIn Bulgaria,  civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law25
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Bulgaria, only licensed gun owners74 83 79 81 25 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Bulgaria are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example self-defence, hunting, sporting, cultural purposes84 85 86
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Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Bulgaria is full legal age87 86
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Bulgaria must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health and substance abuse87 86 25 records
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Reference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Bulgaria, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required78
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Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Bulgaria does not stipulate78  that a gun licence should be denied or revoked
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Firearm Safety TrainingIn Bulgaria, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required78 for a firearm licence
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Limit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Bulgaria are permitted to possess any number of firearms78 
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Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Bulgaria are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition78 88
Firearm Registration
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Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Bulgaria, the law requires89 90 91 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
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Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Bulgaria, licensed firearm dealers are required28 91 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
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Gun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Bulgaria, licensed gun makers are required92 93 89 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority
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State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Bulgaria, State agencies are required89 90 94  to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control
Gun Sales and Transfers
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Regulation of Private Gun SalesIn Bulgaria, the private sale and transfer of firearms is permitted78 
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Bulgaria, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful28 29 95 82
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Background Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Bulgaria is obliged87 to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Bulgaria is obliged87  to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Bulgaria, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined78
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Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Bulgaria, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated78 in law
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Bulgaria include28 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Bulgaria do not include78  written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Bulgaria include94  written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities
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Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Bulgaria include96 29 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit
Carrying Guns
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Carrying Guns Openly in PublicIn Bulgaria, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed without a permit85 25
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Carrying Hidden Handguns in PublicIn Bulgaria, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed without a permit85 25
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Penalty for Illicit Firearm PossessionIn Bulgaria, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm97 is six years in prison and/or a fine98 27

MeasuresInternational Controls
Regional Agreements
European UnionAs a member of the European Union, Bulgaria is bound by the provisions of the ‘EU Firearms Directive’ – the 2007 Legislative Resolution on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons of the European Parliament99 100
European Union Export ReportingUnder the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, Bulgaria is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that Bulgaria has submitted one or more national reports101 on its arms transfers
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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006102 by Bulgaria.
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Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified103 by Bulgaria
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United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified104 by Bulgaria
United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA
UNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Bulgaria committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects105
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UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreIn its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Bulgaria against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 27106 107 108 109 among 159 Member States
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UNPoA National ReportingUnder the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Bulgaria has submitted one or more national reports110 111 on its implementation of the UNPoA
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UNPoA National Point of ContactIn Bulgaria, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated112 111
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UNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Bulgaria, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated111
UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated111 by Bulgaria to other UN Member States
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United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Bulgaria has declared113 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.
United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Bulgaria has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1955114
Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists115 Bulgaria as a Participating State

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileLink
About SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.

SDG 16,116 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).

In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.
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Homicides (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual homicides by any means total 

8120
129
9612
90
110
97
113
150
129
145
186
199
244
247
25521
308
332
327
381
398
438
494 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.1320
1.79
1.3312
1.24
1.51
1.32
1.53
2.02
1.73
1.93
2.4
2.6
3.2
3.2
3.221 22
3.9
4.1
4.1
4.7
4.9
5.3
5.9
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual male homicides by any means total 

5923
100
6412
59
83
69
79
110
84
112
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.7023
2.87
1.8112
1.66
2.32
1.92
2.18
3.02
2.30
3.04
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, annual female homicides by any means total 

2223
29
3212
31
27
28
34
40
45
33
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

0.6023
0.79
0.8712
0.83
0.72
0.75
0.90
1.06
1.18
0.86
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Gun HomicidesChartIn Bulgaria, annual firearm homicides total 

1120
21
18
24
2513 24 17
39
26
47
2813 24 21
33
27
49
5913 21
74
6513
73
7013 21
51
88
11021
105
107 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.2020
0.30
0.30
0.34
0.34
0.50
0.42
0.63
0.38
0.44
0.35
0.63
0.7613 21
0.95
0.8313
0.92
0.8613 21
0.62
1.07
0.521
0.5
0.5
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Bulgaria, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

18%24
32%24 25
22%24
29%
30%
31%
24%
22%
18.8%21
20.6%
19.0%
20.8%
14.2%
27.6%
24.0%
21.7%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual male firearm homicides total 

1520
20
19
31
21
37
19
30
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.4020
0.60
0.50
0.90
0.60
1.02
0.52
0.82
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Bulgaria, annual female firearm homicides total 

320
4
6
8
5
10
9
3
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Bulgaria, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0512
0.10
0.20
0.20
0.10
0.26
0.24
0.08
Link
Conflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Bulgaria, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University
Disarmament
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Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Bulgaria, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 

302117
980118
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Small Arms DestroyedChartIn Bulgaria, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 

168119
1,450120
573
28121
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Bulgaria, it is not state policy122 123 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market
Marking and Tracing
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Firearm MarkingIn Bulgaria, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law124 90 125 126 127
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Firearm TracingIn Bulgaria, state authorities carry out124 126 91 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures
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Ballistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Bulgaria, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not78 recorded in a register
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Bulgaria ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Bulgaria on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page

Short References

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81.: European Council.1991.‘Article 7.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2411)Full Citation
82.: European Council.1991.‘Article 8.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2412)Full Citation
83.: European Council.1991.‘Article 4a.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2407)Full Citation
84.: Bulgaria.2000.‘Article 5.’ Law on the Control of Explosives, Firearms and Ammunitions.Sofia:National Assembly of Bulgaria,17 October. (Q1765)Full Citation
85.: Bulgaria.2000.‘Article 14.’ Law on the Control of Explosives, Firearms and Ammunitions.Sofia:National Assembly of Bulgaria,17 October. (Q1773)Full Citation
86.: European Council.1991.‘Article 5.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2409)Full Citation
87.: Bulgaria.2000.‘Article 16.’ Law on the Control of Explosives, Firearms and Ammunitions.Sofia:National Assembly of Bulgaria,17 October. (Q1774)Full Citation
88.: European Council.1991.‘Article 10.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2413)Full Citation
89.: Bulgaria.2005.‘Marking and Record Keeping.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4545)Full Citation
90.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Marking and Record Keeping.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12606)Full Citation
91.: European Council.1991.‘Article 4.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2406)Full Citation
92.: Bulgaria.2018.‘Manufacture.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13652)Full Citation
93.: Bulgaria.2010.‘National Marking Practices.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4543)Full Citation
94.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12602)Full Citation
95.: European Council.1991.‘Article 4.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2405)Full Citation
96.: Bulgaria.2000.‘Article 11.’ Law on the Control of Explosives, Firearms and Ammunitions.Sofia:National Assembly of Bulgaria,17 October. (Q1770)Full Citation
97.: GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Penalty for Unlawful Firearm Possession.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 22 January. (G93) Full Citation
98.: European Commission.2014.‘Sanctions.’ Study to Support an Impact Assessment on Options for Combatting Illicit Firearms Trafficking in the European Union.Luxembourg:Centre for Strategy & Evaluation Services,1 July. (Q12307)Full Citation
99.: European Parliament.2007.‘Roll-call Vote: EU Firearms Directive.’ Legislative Resolution on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons.Brussels:VoteWatch.eu,29 November. (Q1346)Full Citation
100.: EU Parliament.2007.‘Draft Legislative Resolution on the EU Parliament Firearms Directive 2007.’ Report on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Directive 91/477/EEC on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons.Brussels:European Parliament,12 July. (Q1970)Full Citation
101.: Saferworld.2010.‘EU Arms Transfer Reporting Database.’ Saferworld European Union Arms Transfer Reporting Database.London:Saferworld,9 December. (Q3364)Full Citation
102.: GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
103.: UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
104.: UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
105.: UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
106.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
107.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
108.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
109.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
110.: Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
111.: UNODA.2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation
112.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation
113.: UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation
114.: UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation
115.: Wassenaar Arrangement.1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation
116.: United Nations.2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation
117.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Collection.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12605)Full Citation
118.: Bulgaria.2014.‘Confiscation and Seizure.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,4 February. (Q12608)Full Citation
119.: Bulgaria.2018.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13654)Full Citation
120.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Destruction.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12604)Full Citation
121.: Bulgaria.2014.‘Destruction.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,4 February. (Q12607)Full Citation
122.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Surplus.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12603)Full Citation
123.: Bulgaria.2012.‘Surplus.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q12609)Full Citation
124.: Bulgaria.2010.‘Marking, Record Keeping and Tracing.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4544)Full Citation
125.: Bulgaria.2016.‘Marking at Import.’ National Report of Bulgaria on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Bulgaria to the United Nations,31 March. (Q12599)Full Citation
126.: European Council.1991.‘Article 4.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2404)Full Citation
127.: European Commission.2014.‘Marking Requirement in National Illicit Firearms Trafficking Legislation.’ Study to Support an Impact Assessment on Options for Combatting Illicit Firearms Trafficking in the European Union.Luxembourg:Centre for Strategy & Evaluation Services,1 July. (Q12315)Full Citation

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