Brazil — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian Guns
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Brazil is 

2017: 17,510,0001
2012: 16,800,0002 3 4 5 6
2010: 17,600,0007 8 9
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Brazil is 

2017: 8.301
2012: 8.62 3
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Brazil ranked at No. 810
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Brazil ranked at No. 753
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Brazil is reported to be 1,300,00011
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Brazil is 0.7612
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Brazil is reported to be 

2017: 8,080,2951
2010: 5,370,50013 14 15 16 9 4
2009: 7,312,22717
2006: 4,125,40214 15 8
2005: 5,370,50017 3 18 6
2003: 3,155,69115
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Brazil is 

2010: 2.7412 16
2009: 3.7712
2006: 2.19
2005: 2.89
2003: 1.74
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,19 but in Brazil there are estimated to be 3,800,00020 18 to 9,499,84721 6 4 5 8
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,19 but in Brazil the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 4.8512
Government Guns
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Number of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of Brazil are reported to have 1,316,30022 23 5 24 25 18 26 8 firearms
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Brazil are reported to have 803,00027 28 25 29 30 5 8 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

44,93731
45,861
43,196
43,124
39,353
39,648
40,286
38,709
37,352
37,360
36,060
37,113
39,325
37,979
37,122
34,98532 33 34
31,19832
30,211
27,753
26,481
26,764
24,318
22,742
21,086
21,550
20,614
20,440
17,126
16,092
14,869
13,488
12,578
10,830
9,045
9,320
8,71032 6 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

22.0031
22.63
21.49
21.64
19.92
20.25
20.76
20.15
19.64
20.0
19.6
20.7
22.2
21.7
21.5
20.635 12 36
19.035 36
18.7
17.4
16.9
17.235
15.8
15.0
14.2
14.7
14.3
14.4
12.3
11.8
11.1
10.2
9.7
8.6
7.3
7.7
7.335 12
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

42,44731
43,256
40,650
40,550
36,901
37,227
37,805
36,390
35,089
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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is 

42.1231
43.25
40.96
41.19
37.80
38.46
39.41
38.30
37.30
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

2,44931
2,567
2,507
2,543
2,414
2,395
2,445
2,267
2,240
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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is 

2.3731
2.50
2.46
2.52
2.41
2.42
2.49
2.33
2.33
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Homicides (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual homicides by any means total 

62,51737
59,080
60,474
57,396
57,045
52,807
53,016
52,043
50,659
48,219
49,704
48,136
48,909
51,534
49,816
48,032
45,433
42,91438 39
41,950
40,507
38,894
41,59539 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

30.3737
28.92
29.84
28.55
28.62
26.72
27.07
26.82
26.37
25.36
26.42
25.88
26.61
28.39
27.80
27.17
26.06
24.9812 39
24.78
24.28
23.66
25.739
19.0440
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual male homicides by any means total 

57,77337
54,361
55,525
52,522
52,242
48,218
48,493
47,713
46,564
44,392
45,611
44,220
45,053
47,569
45,895
44,129
41,657
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

56.9237
53.95
55.52
52.93
53.07
49.39
50.10
49.74
49
47.18
48.99
48.02
49.49
52.89
51.69
50.36
48.21
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual female homicides by any means total 

4,64537
4,621
4,836
4,769
4,729
4,522
4,477
4,265
4,029
3,778
4,030
3,887
3,831
3,941
3,868
3,851
3,744
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

4.4537
4.46
4.71
4.69
4.69
4.52
4.52
4.35
4.15
3.93
4.24
4.14
4.13
4.30
4.28
4.32
4.26
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Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual firearm homicides total 

41,81731
42,75531
40,369
40,07732
36,737
36,79232 41 42 43
36,62432 42 44
35,104
34,147
34,921
33,419
34,187
36,11532 44 42 43
34,16032 44 42 45
33,40132 44 42
30,86532 44 42 33
26,90232 38
25,674
24,445
22,976
22,30632
18,889
17,002
14,785
15,759
16,588
13,480
10,735
10,717
8,803
8,349
7,947
6,413
6,313
6,452
6,104 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

20.4731
21.10
20.08
20.11
18.59
18.79
18.88
18.27
17.96
18.7
18.135 44 42 39
19.1
20.435 44 42
19.635 44 42 45
19.435 44 42
18.235 44 42 12
16.435
15.9
15.3
14.6
14.3
12.3
11.235 46
9.935
10.7
11.5
9.5
7.7
7.8
6.6
6.3
6.2
5.1
5.1
5.3
5.1
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Brazil, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

95.5%47
70%41
71.2%38 48 49
71.2%38 39
71.6%
71.1%
70.2%
70.7%
70.8%38
68.7%
69.7%
68.0%
62.7%
61.2%
60.3%
59.1%
70.1%47
70.1%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual male firearm homicides total 

39,50031
40,329
38,007
37,715
34,442
34,576
34,402
33,040
32,144
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

39.2031
40.32
38.30
38.31
35.28
35.72
35.86
34.77
34.17
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual female firearm homicides total 

2,27831
2,390
2,323
2,332
2,258
2,194
2,191
2,016
1,987
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

2.2031
2.33
2.28
2.31
2.26
2.22
2.23
2.08
2.07
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Suicides (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual suicides by any means total 

11,17831
10,65331
10,533
10,321
9,852
9,448
9,374
9,206
8,868
10,34950 51
10,048
10,113
9,803
9,494
9,363
8,186
6,98534 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

5.4731
5.26
5.24
5.18
4.99
4.82
4.83
4.79
4.66
5.550 51
5.4
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.3
4.7
3.9134
3.4652
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual male suicides by any means total 

8,78031
8,41931
8,309
8,061
7,762
7,375
7,500
7,289
6,995
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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

8.7131
8.42
8.37
8.19
7.95
7.62
7.82
7.67
7.43
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual female suicides by any means total 

2,39631
2,23331
2,223
2,257
2,089
2,073
1,872
1,917
1,872
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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

2.3231
2.18
2.18
2.24
2.09
2.09
1.91
1.97
1.95
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Gun SuicidesChartIn Brazil, annual firearm suicides total 

90531
97331
1,040
98932
916
969
1,06932 48
1,108
1,141
1,138
1,226
1,247
1,330
1,366
1,408
1,33032 34
1,26032
1,407
1,539
1,543
1,555
1,321
1,169
1,085
1,037
989
850
827
951
788
781
766
789
657
731
660 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.4431
0.48
0.52
0.50
0.46
0.49
0.55
0.58
0.60
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.835 34
0.835
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.835 53
0.735
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
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Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual male firearm suicides total 

81831
87431
933
880
832
868
958
995
1,005
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Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.8131
0.87
0.94
0.89
0.85
0.90
1
1.05
1.07
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Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual female firearm suicides total 

8731
9931
107
109
84
101
111
113
136
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Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0831
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.14
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Unintentional Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

31431
38231
326
28432
264
352
35132 48
347
320
404
244
201
283
318
336
32932 34
88832
371
250
270
534
353
456
859
1,140
658
605
586
677
669
575
515
566
467
448
386 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.1531
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.13
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.235 34
0.535
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.335 54
0.635
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

29631
36131
301
258
246
321
312
317
292
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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.2931
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.25
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.31
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Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

1831
2131
25
26
18
31
39
30
28
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Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0231
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Brazil, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

95931
95831
869
1,06632
827
779
1,63332 48
1,735
1,232
897
1,171
1,478
1,597
2,135
1,977
2,46132 34
2,14832
2,759
1,519
1,692
2,369
3,755
4,115
4,357
3,614
2,379
5,505
4,978
3,747
4,609
3,783
3,350
3,062
1,608
1,689
1,560 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.4731
0.47
0.43
0.53
0.42
0.40
0.84
0.90
0.65
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.2
1.1
1.435 34
1.335
1.7
1.0
1.1
1.5
2.4
2.735 53
2.935
2.5
1.7
3.9
3.6
2.7
3.4
2.9
2.6
2.4
1.3
1.4
1.3
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Brazil, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

89631
90331
824
999
782
718
1,529
1,629
1,142
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Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.8931
0.90
0.83
1.01
0.80
0.74
1.59
1.71
1.21
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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Brazil, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

6131
5331
45
66
44
57
99
102
83
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Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0631
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.09
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Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total 

94231
793
592
708
609
756
609
415
512 
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Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.4631
0.39
0.29
0.36
0.31
0.39
0.31
0.22
0.27
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Male Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual male legal-intervention gun homicides total 

93731
789
585
698
599
744
604
409
506
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Rate of Male Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.9331
0.79
0.59
0.71
0.61
0.77
0.63
0.43
0.54
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Female Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual female legal-intervention gun homicides total 

531
4
7
10
10
12
5
6
6
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Rate of Female Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

031
0
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

ProductionGun IndustryCompare
Regulation of Firearm MakersIn Brazil, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 8 63 64 65
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Number of Small Arms ManufacturedThe reported annual number of small arms manufactured in Brazil is 

2002/07: 2,300,0008
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Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Brazil was ranked 'medium'66 67
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Home-made GunsIn Brazil, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be low68 69 65

TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingCompare
Firearm ExportsIn Brazil, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law70 71 55 56 58 72 73 74 75 76
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Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Brazil is reported by Customs to be US$284,590,75477 (2011)78 79 80 81 82
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Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Brazil was categorized as 'major'83 84 85 86 82 87  43
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Firearm ImportsIn Brazil, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law88 61 55 56 58 62 72 74 75 76
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Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Brazil is reported by Customs to be US$14,291,31877 (2011)89 90 91 92
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Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Brazil is high93 94 95 96 97
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Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Brazil, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law98 99 73 100 101
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End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Brazil include71 73 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use
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Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Brazil scored 

2018: 8.75102
2016: 7.00103
2014: 7.00104
2013: 7.50105
2012: 7.50106
2011: 8.50107
2010: 9.00108
2009: 9.00109
2008: 9.00110
2007: 8.50111
2006: 8.00112
2005: 8.50113
2004: 9.00114 

MeasuresGun RegulationCompare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Brazil is categorised as restrictive115
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Brazil includes the Firearms Act  No. 10 826 of 2003,116 117 and its regulation No. 5 123,118 the Decree No. 3 665 of 2000,119 Ministerial Act No. 7 of 2006,59 Ministerial Act No. 16 of  2004,74 the Constitution and the Penal Code of Brazil57
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Brazil are regulated by the Ministry of Justice and the Federal Police,120 through the National Arms System (SINARM),58 and the Command of the Brazilian Armed Forces121 61 122 123
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Brazil, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law124 125 126
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Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Brazil, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons for the exclusive use of the Army,127 automatic firearms, certain handguns, smooth bore long guns or with a rifled barrel, disguised firearms128 and imitation firearms,62 with few exceptions129
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Regulation of Automatic WeaponsIn Brazil, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited,128 130 131 132 with few exceptions129
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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Brazil, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence133 130
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Regulation of HandgunsIn Brazil, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is prohibited,128 with only narrow exemptions133 134 129 130 131 132
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Law Regulates Long GunsIn Brazil,  civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law128 133 132
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Brazil, only licensed gun owners135 136 137 138 139 132 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Brazil are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting, security136 140 141 134 131 117
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Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Brazil is 25 years,142 140 141 143 117 with only narrow exemptions144 145 146
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Brazil must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health and employment136 147 134 141 132 117 records
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Reference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Brazil, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required126
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Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Brazil, licensing authorities are not required126 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence
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Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Brazil does not stipulate126 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked
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Firearm Safety TrainingIn Brazil, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required147 136 141  for a firearm licence
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Gun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Brazil, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every three years136 56 117
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Licensing RecordsIn Brazil, authorities maintain a record148 58 130 149 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Limit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Brazil are permitted to possess one firearm per authorisation150 151 117
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Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Brazil are permitted to possess a limited quantity of ammunition150 117
Firearm Registration
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Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Brazil, the law requires152 148 137 129 58 153 154 130 149 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
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Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Brazil, licensed firearm dealers are required155 136 58 149 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
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Gun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Brazil, licensed gun makers are required58 156 149 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority
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State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Brazil, State agencies are required152 129 154 157 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control
Gun Sales and Transfers
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Regulation of Private Gun SalesIn Brazil, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited without a licence from the Federal Police158 136
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Brazil, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful55 56 135 155 58 61 159 154
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Background Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Brazil is obliged136 147 to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Brazil is obliged136 147 to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Limit on Gun Dealer SalesIn Brazil, the number and type of firearms which can be sold by a licensed gun dealer to a single gun owner is limited to three firearms (one handgun, one rifle, one shotgun) every two years, for retired military officials and non-commissioned officers160
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Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Brazil, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is 30 business days136 
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Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Brazil, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are regulated161 in law
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Brazil include162 139 144 163 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Brazil include164 165 166 161 163 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Brazil include157 167 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities
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Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Brazil include168 169 138 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit
Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm MarkingIn Brazil, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law59 148 60 61 75 170 171
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Firearm TracingIn Brazil, state authorities carry out60 61 172 173 174 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures
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Ballistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Brazil, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not126 43 recorded in a register
Carrying Guns
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Law Regulates Firearms in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law135 140 134 175 176 43 132
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Carrying Guns Openly in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited177 176
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Carrying Hidden Handguns in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit140
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Gun Free ZonesIn Brazil, private guns are prohibited in sports arenas, churches, banks, schools, government buildings and other gathering places177 178
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Penalty for Illicit Firearm PossessionIn Brazil, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm179 is two to four years in prison and a fine135 57 180 144 181 182 183 184 171 163
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Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Brazil are known to have185 186 187 188 17 189 190 8 191 192 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation
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Surrendered in Gun AmnestyChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 

2009: 212,279193 194 195
2008: 60,196193
2005: 459,855194 195 196 197 8 198
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Exchanged in Gun BuybackChartIn Brazil, the total number of firearms exchanged for monetary or in-kind compensation during recent gun buyback and disposal programmes is reported to be 

2012: 27,329199
2011: 40,000
2003/09: 1,100,000200
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Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 

2015: 8,681201
2014: 18,630201 202
2013: 13,681201 203
2012: 15,740204 203
2011: 15,560
2010: 14,441
2009: 11,664204
2008: 11,112
2004: 469,0008
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Small Arms DestroyedChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 

2012: 500,000205
2005: 253,321206 207 195 198
2003: 5,000197
2002: 10,000
2001: 100,000197
1997/2013: 2,800,000205
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Brazil, it is state policy208 209 17 206 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls
Regional Agreements
Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Brazil adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified210 211 by Brazil
United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal JusticeThe UNCCPCJ, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, lists212 Brazil as an elected member
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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006213 by Brazil.
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Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed, but not yet ratified214 by Brazil
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United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified215 by Brazil
United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA
UNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Brazil committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects216
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UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreIn its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Brazil against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 62217 218 219 220 among 159 Member States
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UNPoA National ReportingUnder the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Brazil has submitted one or more national reports221 101 on its implementation of the UNPoA
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UNPoA National Point of ContactIn Brazil, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated222 101
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UNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Brazil, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated101
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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Brazil submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent222
UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated101 by Brazil to other UN Member States
UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided101 to Brazil by other UN Member States
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United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Brazil has not declared223 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.
United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Brazil has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945224
Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list225 Brazil as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry ProfileLink
Conflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Brazil, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Brazil ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

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Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January. (G14) Full Citation
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30.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Public Security Agencies (Law Enforcement) and Criminal Justice: Strength and Holdings.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3379)Full Citation
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33.: Jackson, Thomas, Nicholas Marsh, Taylor Owen and Ann Thurin.2005.‘Who Takes the Bullet? The impact of small arms violence.’ Norwegian Church Aid: Understanding the Issues.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers / NISAT / PRIO,1 March. (Q2084)Full Citation
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35.: Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Rate of Gun Deaths, 1980/2012 (Taxas de mortalidade (por 100 mil) na população total por armas de fogo, 1980/2012).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11894)Full Citation
36.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Mortality Rates 1996-2008 (Taxas de Mortalidade 1996-2008).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11876)Full Citation
37.: Igarapé Institute.2019.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2018.’ Homicide Monitor.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,28 June. (Q13953)Full Citation
38.: Brazil.2010.‘Percentage of Homicides Committed with Firearms in Brazil (Percentual de Homicídios com Armas de Fogo no Brasil).’ The Impact of Armed Violence in Brazil (A Incidência da Violência Armada no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Confederação Nacional de Municípios (National Confederation of Counties),31 December. (Q11866)Full Citation
39.: UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Brazil.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6339)Full Citation
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44.: Brazil.2010.‘Firearm Homicide Rate (Taxa de Homicídios por Armas de Fogo).’ The Impact of Armed Violence in Brazil (A Incidência da Violência Armada no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Confederação Nacional de Municípios (National Confederation of Counties),31 December. (Q11865)Full Citation
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47.: Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Percentage of Gun Homicides (Participação dos homicídios por AF no total de óbitos por AF).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11895)Full Citation
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55.: Brazil.2000.‘Controlled Goods [Licences and Certificates] (Produtos controlados).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11869)Full Citation
56.: Brazil.2000.‘Registration – Preliminary Provisions (Registros – disposições preliminares).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11872)Full Citation
57.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Penal Code.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11511)Full Citation
58.: Brazil.2003.‘National Arms System (Sistema Nacional de Armas).’ Act No 10.826, of 22 December 2003.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11560)Full Citation
59.: Brazil.2006.‘Marking of In-country Manufactured Firearms (Marcações do Armas de fogo fabricadas no país).’ Ministerial Act No. 7, of 28 April 2006 (Portaria nº 7 de 28/04/2006 / MD - Ministério da Defesa).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,28 April. (Q11530)Full Citation
60.: Brazil.2003.‘General Provisions - Monitoring Firearms and Ammunition (Disposições gerais - o acompanhamento de Armas de Fogo e Munições).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11553)Full Citation
61.: Brazil.2004.‘Army Command (Comando do Exército).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11533)Full Citation
62.: Brazil.2003.‘Prohibited Imports (Importação proibida).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11548)Full Citation
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64.: Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Industry and Exports].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11850)Full Citation
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71.: Brazil.2004.‘End-User Certificates (Certificado do Usuário Final).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11535)Full Citation
72.: Iootty de Paiva Dias, Carolina.2003.‘What is the Legislation on Imports, Exports and Transit Operations in Brazil?.’ National Legislations on Firearm Control in Mercosur.Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio,1 June. (Q11639)Full Citation
73.: Brazil.2008.‘Legislation - Export Controls.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1660)Full Citation
74.: Brazil.2008.‘Legislation.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1659)Full Citation
75.: Brazil.2008.‘Weapons - Marking.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1657)Full Citation
76.: Brazil.2014.‘International Transfers - Record Keeping.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9184)Full Citation
77.: Marsh, Nicholas.2014.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,22 December. (Q16)Full Citation
78.: Holtom, Paul and Christelle Rigual.2015.‘Trends in Small Arms Exports per Top Exporter and for All Exporters, as Reported to UN Comtrade, 2001-2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2015: Weapons and the World.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 June. (Q11071)Full Citation
79.: Rigual, Christelle.2015.‘Annexe 4.1: Major Exporters.’ Small Arms Survey 2015: Weapons and the World.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 June. (Q11077)Full Citation
80.: Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Annexes 8.1: Major Exporters.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q8485)Full Citation
81.: Berman, Eric.2011.‘Small Arms Transfers: Exporting States.’ Weapons and Markets.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,25 October. (Q5982)Full Citation
82.: Herron, Patrick, Jasna Lazarevic, Nic Marsh and Matt Schroeder.2011.‘Top Exporters and Importers of Small Arms in 2008.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 July. (Q5983)Full Citation
83.: Holtom, Paul and Christelle Rigual.2015.‘Top Exporters and Importers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ Small Arms Survey 2015: Weapons and the World.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 June. (Q11068)Full Citation
84.: Holtom, Paul and Christelle Rigual.2015.‘Exporters of Small Arms Based on UN Comtrade, 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2015: Weapons and the World.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 June. (Q11069)Full Citation
85.: Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Major Exporters and Importers.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q11036)Full Citation
86.: Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Exporters of Small Arms Based on UN Comtrade, 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q11037)Full Citation
87.: Small Arms Survey.2001.‘60 Known Legal Small Arms Exporting Countries, 2001.’ Small Arms Survey 2001: Profiling the Problem.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q867)Full Citation
88.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Imports (Importações de armas de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11532)Full Citation
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93.: Brazil.2018.‘International Transfers.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13649)Full Citation
94.: Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Smuggling].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11851)Full Citation
95.: Brazil.2005.‘Combating Groups and Individuals Engaged in Illicit Activities.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1720)Full Citation
96.: Bandeira, Antonio Rangel.2006.‘Parliamentary Commission of Investigation (CPI) Denounces the Deviation of Arms in Brazil.’ Viva Rio media release.Brasilia:Viva Rio,29 November. (Q2090)Full Citation
97.: Hannah Stone. 2011. ‘Brazil's New Arms-trafficking Frontier? The Sea.’ Christian Science Monitor. 18 July. (N444) Full Citation
98.: Brazil.2018.‘Brokering.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13650)Full Citation
99.: Brazil.2014.‘Brokering.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9185)Full Citation
100.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q82)Full Citation
101.: UNODA.2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation
102.: Holtom, Paul and Irene Pavesi.2018.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.’ The 2018 Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q13505)Full Citation
103.: Pavesi, Irene.2016.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2016.’ Trade Update 2016: Transfers and Transparency.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 June. (Q12070)Full Citation
104.: Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi, and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2014.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q10547)Full Citation
105.: Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2013.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q6871)Full Citation
106.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2012.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q6869)Full Citation
107.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2011.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 July. (Q10549)Full Citation
108.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2010.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2010.’ Small Arms Survey 2010: Gangs, Groups and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 June. (Q10550)Full Citation
109.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2009.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2009.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,9 July. (Q10551)Full Citation
110.: Close, Helen and Chris Stevenson.2008.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2008.’ Small Arms Survey 2008: Risk and Resilience.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 July. (Q10552)Full Citation
111.: Glatz, Anne-Kathrin and Lora Lumpe.2007.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2007.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q10553)Full Citation
112.: Khakee, Anna, Pablo Dreyfus and Anne-Kathrin Glatz.2006.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2006.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10554)Full Citation
113.: Khakee, Anna.2005.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2005.’ Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,11 July. (Q10555)Full Citation
114.: Khakee, Anna.2004.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2004.’ Small Arms Survey 2004: Rights at Risk.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10556)Full Citation
115.: Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation
116.: Brazil.2003.‘Act No. 10.826 (Lei N° 10.826).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11593)Full Citation
117.: Rachel Glickhouse. 2015. ‘Brazil Update: Congress to Consider Bill Loosening Gun Control.’ Americas Society / Council of the Americas (AS/COA). 24 November. (N450) Full Citation
118.: Brazil.2004.‘Regulation No. 5.123 of the Firearms Act No. 10.826.’ Decree 5.123, of 1 July 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de Julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11544)Full Citation
119.: Brazil.2000.‘Regulation on the Control of Controlled Goods (Regulamento para a fiscalização de produtos controlados).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11868)Full Citation
120.: Brazil.2003.‘The National Weapon System (Do Sistema Nacional de Armas).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1490)Full Citation
121.: Brazil.2003.‘Army Command - Responsibilities (Comando do Exército - Responsabilidades).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11552)Full Citation
122.: Brazil.2000.‘Supervisory Bodies (Órgãos de fiscalização).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11870)Full Citation
123.: Brazil.2000.‘Role of the Supervisory Bodies – Army (Atribuições órgãos de fiscalização - Exército).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11871)Full Citation
124.: Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation
125.: Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation
126.: Brazil.2003.‘Act No. 10.826 (Lei N° 10.826).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11599)Full Citation
127.: Brazil.2014.‘Firearms - Definitions (Armas de fogo - das definições).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11527)Full Citation
128.: Brazil.2000.‘Restricted Firearms and Ammunition (Armas de Fogo e Munições Restrito).’ Decree No. 3.665, of Novembre 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11574)Full Citation
129.: Brazil.2004.‘Acquisition and Registration of Restricted Firearms (Da aquisição e registro da arma de fogo de uso restrito).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11541)Full Citation
130.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5362)Full Citation
131.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5360)Full Citation
132.: Butchart, Alexander, Christopher Mikton and Etienne Krug.2014.‘Country Profile: Brazil.’ Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014.Geneva:World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),10 December. (Q9709)Full Citation
133.: Brazil.2000.‘Permitted Firearms and Ammunition (Armas de Fogo e Munições permitidos).’ Decree No. 3.665, of Novembre 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11575)Full Citation
134.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearms for Subsistence Hunters (Armas de fogo para caçador de subsistência).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11537)Full Citation
135.: Brazil.2003.‘Illegal Carrying of Firearms for Permitted Use (Porte ilegal de arma de fogo de uso permitido).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11547)Full Citation
136.: Brazil.2003.‘Acquisition [and Possession] of a Firearm (Aquisição [e Posse] de arma de fogo).’ Act No 10.826, of 22 December 2003.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11561)Full Citation
137.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Safety - Household and Workplace (Segurança de arma de fogo - no domicílio e trabalho).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11542)Full Citation
138.: Brazil.2004.‘Transport Regulation (Regulamento de Transporte).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11536)Full Citation
139.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Storage and Transportation - Private Security Companies (Armazenamento e transporte de armas de fogo - empresas de segurança privada).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11556)Full Citation
140.: Brazil.2003.‘Carrying Firearms (Porte de Arma de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11559)Full Citation
141.: US Law Library of Congress.2013.‘General Requirements for Civilian Licenses - Brazil.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11569)Full Citation
142.: Brazil.2003.‘General Provisions - Minimum Age (Disposições Gerais - Idade mínima).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1489)Full Citation
143.: Santaella-Tenorio, Julian, Magdalena Cerdá, Andrés Villaveces, and Sandro Galea.2016.‘What Do We Know About the Association Between Firearm Legislation and Firearm-Related Injuries? - Estatuto do Desarmamento (Brazil).’ Epidemiologic Reviews.Oxford:Oxford University Press,10 February. (Q11776)Full Citation
144.: Brazil.2003.‘Careless Handling or Storage of a Firearm (Manuseio Descuidado ou Armazenamento de Arma de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1891)Full Citation
145.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Child and Adolescent Statute.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11512)Full Citation
146.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q11617)Full Citation
147.: Brazil.2004.‘Acquisition and Registration of Firearms for Permitted Use (Da Aquisição e do Registro da Arma de Fogo de Uso Permitido).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11539)Full Citation
148.: Brazil.2014.‘Registration - Permitted Firearms (Registro - armas de fogo permitida).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11526)Full Citation
149.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5380)Full Citation
150.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Acquisition [and Possession] of a Firearm.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11516)Full Citation
151.: Alpers, Philip.1997.‘Limit on Number of Guns.’ Personal Interview with Philip Alpers.Sao Paulo:GunPolicy.org,5 December. (Q11626)Full Citation
152.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Registration (Registro de armas de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11558)Full Citation
153.: Brazil.2003.‘Unregistered Firearms - Registration (Armas de fogo não registradas - Inscrição).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11550)Full Citation
154.: Brazil.2008.‘Registration Systems.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1661)Full Citation
155.: Brazil.2004.‘Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales (Regulamentação das vendas por vendedores de armas de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11540)Full Citation
156.: Brazil.2014.‘Record-Keeping by Manufacturers.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9183)Full Citation
157.: Brazil.2014.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9186)Full Citation
158.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Ownership Transfer (Transferência de propriedade da arma de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11543)Full Citation
159.: Brazil.2003.‘Referendum on Firearms and Ammunition Trade (Referendo sobre o comércio de armas de fogo e Munições).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11557)Full Citation
160.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Estimates of Small Arms Held by Active and Retired Military Officers and Non-Commissioned Officers.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3374)Full Citation
161.: Brazil.2000.‘Exhibition of Firearms and Ammunition (Exposição de armas e munições).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11884)Full Citation
162.: Brazil.2003.‘Storage Regulations - Sports Entities (Regulamento para armazenamento - as organizações desportivas).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11555)Full Citation
163.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q11618)Full Citation
164.: Brazil.2000.‘Regional Network for Supervising Controlled Products (Redes Regionais de Fiscalização de Produtos Controlados).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11873)Full Citation
165.: Brazil.2000.‘Supervision and Safety (Fiscalização e segurança).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11882)Full Citation
166.: Brazil.2000.‘Storage Depots (Depósitos).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11885)Full Citation
167.: Brazil.2000.‘Registration Exemption (Isenção de registro).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11874)Full Citation
168.: Brazil.2000.‘Transport (Transporte).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11883)Full Citation
169.: Brazil.2000.‘Transit (Tráfego).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11881)Full Citation
170.: Brazil.2008.‘Ammunition - Marking.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1658)Full Citation
171.: Brazil.2005.‘Enforcing Controls.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1663)Full Citation
172.: Brazil.2014.‘International Tracing.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9190)Full Citation
173.: Dreyfus, Pablo, Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento and Luis Eduardo Guedes.2008.‘The Disarmament Statute: Domesticating the Small Arms Industry and Curbing Crime Through Gun Control.’ Small Arms in Rio de Janeiro: The Guns, the Buyback, and the Victims.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 December. (Q2088)Full Citation
174.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Summary of Reported International Requests for Tracing of Firearms, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10546)Full Citation
175.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Bill Amending Disarmament Statute Vetoed.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11524)Full Citation
176.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5409)Full Citation
177.: Brazil.2008.‘Prohibited Zones to Carry Firearms (Zonas proibidas de levar armas de fogo).’ Decree 6.715, of 29 December 2008 (Decreto Nº 6.715, de 29 de dezembro de 2008).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,29 December. (Q11529)Full Citation
178.: Associated Press. 2004. ‘Brazil Puts in Place Stricter Gun Laws to Reduce Killings.’ 4 July. (N191) Full Citation
179.: GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Penalty for Unlawful Firearm Possession.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
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180.: Brazil.2003.‘Shooting Firearms (Disparo de arma de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11554)Full Citation
181.: Brazil.1990.‘Child and Adolescent Statute (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente).’ Act Nº 8.069, of 13 July 1990.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,13 July. (Q11564)Full Citation
182.: Brazil.1998.‘Child and Adolescent Statute - Special Legislation (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente - Legislação Especial).’ Brazilian Penal Code.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,12 December. (Q11563)Full Citation
183.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Criminalisation.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11519)Full Citation
184.: Brazil.2003.‘Irregular Ownership of Authorized Fire Weapons (Posse Irregular de Arma de Fogo de Uso Permitido).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1479)Full Citation
185.: Brazil.2004.‘Disarmament Campaign (Campanha do Desarmamento).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11545)Full Citation
186.: Brazil.2004.‘Surrendering Firearms (Entregando Armas de Fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11546)Full Citation
187.: Brazil.2002.‘Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Entrega voluntária de armas de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11562)Full Citation
188.: Brazil.2003.‘Surrendering Firearms (Entregar-se Armas de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11549)Full Citation
189.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Collection Programmes.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11521)Full Citation
190.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Disarmament Campaign.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11523)Full Citation
191.: Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Brazil.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5299)Full Citation
192.: Godnick, William and Helena Vasquez.2003.‘Weapons Destruction Events facilitated - UN-LiREC.’ Small Arms Control in Latin America: Monitoring the Implementation of Small Arms Control Projects (MISAC).London:International Alert, Security and Peacebuilding Programme,1 March. (Q5565)Full Citation
193.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Permitted Firearms Amnestied in 2008 and 2009 (Armas de fogo de uso permitido anistiadas em 2008 e 2009).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11880)Full Citation
194.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Entrega Voluntária de Armas de Fogo).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11875)Full Citation
195.: Bandeira, Antônio Rangel.2012.‘Campaigns for the Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Campañas voluntarias de canje de armas).’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9214)Full Citation
196.: Cellone, Maria Paula.2010.‘Firearm Collection Programmes (Planes de Recolección de Armas).’ Plurinational Meeting: Transfer and Illicit trafficking in Firearms: Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile.New York, NY:Fundación Arias para la Paz y el Progreso Humano (ARIAS) y el Centro de Estudios Judiciales,4 October. (Q11398)Full Citation
197.: Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Collection and Destruction].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11853)Full Citation
198.: Robert Muggah. 2014. ‘Brazil and South Africa Are Addicted to Gun Violence.’ Huffington Post (USA). 24 November. (N435) Full Citation
199.: Brazil.2014.‘Small Arms and Light Weapons Collected.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9189)Full Citation
200.: Ezra Fieser. 2014. ‘Dominican Republic to Launch Disarmament Campaign.’ Infosurhoy.com. 14 April. (N368) Full Citation
201.: Brazil.2016.‘Collection.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 June. (Q12444)Full Citation
202.: Matt Sandy. 2015. ‘Brazil Seeks to Copy U.S. Gun Culture.’ Time (USA). 12 November. (N452) Full Citation
203.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Number of Firearms Reported Seized by Police, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10542)Full Citation
204.: Brazil.2014.‘Small Arms and Light Weapons Seized.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9188)Full Citation
205.: Brazil.2014.‘Destruction of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9187)Full Citation
206.: Brazil.2005.‘Destruction of Illicit Weapons.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1662)Full Citation
207.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q11758)Full Citation
208.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Destruction Policy (Política de destruição de armas de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11531)Full Citation
209.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Destruction Procedure (Procedimento arma de fogo Destruição).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11551)Full Citation
210.: OAS / UNODA.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials / CIFTA.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Organization of American States / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 November. (Q3244)Full Citation
211.: OAS.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA): Signatures and Ratifications.’ Organization of American States, Department of International Law.Washington, DC:Organization of American States,14 November. (Q3262)Full Citation
212.: UNCCPCJ / UNODC.1991.‘Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice.’ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Vienna:United Nations Economic and Social Council / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q3222)Full Citation
213.: GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
214.: UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
215.: UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
216.: UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
217.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
218.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
219.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
220.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
221.: Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
222.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation
223.: UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation
224.: UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation
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