Brazil — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers
Civilian GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Privately Owned FirearmsChartThe estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Brazil is 

2017: 17,510,0001
2012: 16,800,0002 3 4 5 6
2010: 17,600,0007 8 9
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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationChartThe estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Brazil is 

2017: 8.301
2012: 8.62 3
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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Brazil ranked at No. 810
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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Brazil ranked at No. 753
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Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersThe number of licensed gun owners in Brazil is reported to be 1,300,00011
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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Brazil is 0.7612
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Number of Registered FirearmsChartThe number of registered guns in Brazil is reported to be 

2017: 8,080,2951
2010: 5,370,50013 14 15 16 9 4
2009: 7,312,22717
2006: 4,125,40214 15 8
2005: 5,370,50017 3 18 6
2003: 3,155,69115
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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Brazil is 

2010: 2.7412 16
2009: 3.7712
2006: 2.19
2005: 2.89
2003: 1.74
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Estimated Number of Unregistered and Illicit FirearmsUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,19 but in Brazil there are estimated to be 3,800,00020 18 to 9,499,84721 6 4 5 8
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Estimated Rate of Unregistered and Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnregistered and unlawfully held guns cannot be counted,19 but in Brazil the rate of such firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 4.8512
Government GunsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.
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Number of Military FirearmsThe defence forces of Brazil are reported to have 1,316,30022 23 5 24 25 18 26 8 firearms
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Number of Law Enforcement FirearmsPolice in Brazil are reported to have 803,00027 28 25 29 30 5 8 firearms

ImpactsDeath and InjuryCompare
Total Number of Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual deaths resulting from firearms total 

49,61131
46,778
43,995
45,068
42,604
42,416
38,744
38,892
39,677
38,658
37,352
37,360
36,060
37,113
39,325
37,979
37,122
34,98532 33 34
31,19832
30,211
27,753
26,481
26,764
24,318
22,742
21,086
21,550
20,614
20,440
17,126
16,092
14,869
13,488
12,578
10,830
9,045
9,320
8,71032 6 
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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is 

23.9331
22.73
21.54
22.24
21.20
21.28
19.61
19.86
20.45
20.12
19.64
20.0
19.6
20.7
22.2
21.7
21.5
20.635 12 36
19.035 36
18.7
17.4
16.9
17.235
15.8
15.0
14.2
14.7
14.3
14.4
12.3
11.8
11.1
10.2
9.7
8.6
7.3
7.7
7.335 12
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Total Number of Male Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual male deaths resulting from firearms total 

46,75231
44,236
41,510
42,467
40,065
39,852
36,302
36,483
37,201
36,320
35,089
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Rate of Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male gun death per 100,000 population is 

45.7431
43.58
41.19
42.46
40.37
40.48
37.19
37.69
38.78
38.22
37.30
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Total Number of Female Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual female deaths resulting from firearms total 

2,81731
2,505
2,444
2,563
2,500
2,533
2,404
2,383
2,440
2,288
2,240
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Rate of Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female gun death per 100,000 population is 

2.6831
2.40
2.36
2.50
2.46
2.51
2.40
2.41
2.49
2.36
2.33
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Homicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual homicides by any means total 

63,74831
61,143
58,138
59,681
56,804
56,337
52,198
52,260
51,434
50,113
48,219
49,704
48,136
48,909
51,534
49,816
48,032
45,433
42,91437 38
41,950
40,507
38,894
41,59538 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

30.7431
29.71
28.46
29.45
28.26
28.26
26.42
26.69
26.51
26.08
25.36
26.42
25.88
26.61
28.39
27.80
27.17
26.06
24.9812 38
24.78
24.28
23.66
25.738
19.0439
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual male homicides by any means total 

58,71331
56,409
53,424
54,736
51,937
51,544
47,619
47,749
47,109
46,024
44,392
45,611
44,220
45,053
47,569
45,895
44,129
41,657
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

57.4431
55.58
53.02
54.73
52.34
52.36
48.78
49.33
49.11
48.43
47.18
48.99
48.02
49.49
52.89
51.69
50.36
48.21
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual female homicides by any means total 

4,92831
4,635
4,616
4,832
4,762
4,719
4,512
4,465
4,260
4,023
3,778
4,030
3,887
3,831
3,941
3,868
3,851
3,744
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

4.6931
4.44
4.46
4.71
4.68
4.68
4.51
4.51
4.34
4.14
3.93
4.24
4.14
4.13
4.30
4.28
4.32
4.26
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Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual firearm homicides total 

47,51031
44,475
41,81740
42,75540
40,369
40,07732
36,737
36,79232 41 42 43
36,62432 42 44
35,676
34,147
34,921
33,419
34,187
36,11532 44 42 43
34,16032 44 42 45
33,40132 44 42
30,86532 44 42 33
26,90232 37
25,674
24,445
22,976
22,30632
18,889
17,002
14,785
15,759
16,588
13,480
10,735
10,717
8,803
8,349
7,947
6,413
6,313
6,452
6,104 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

22.9131
21.61
20.47
21.10
20.08
20.11
18.59
18.79
18.88
18.57
17.96
18.7
18.135 44 42 38
19.1
20.435 44 42
19.635 44 42 45
19.435 44 42
18.235 44 42 12
16.435
15.9
15.3
14.6
14.3
12.3
11.235 46
9.935
10.7
11.5
9.5
7.7
7.8
6.6
6.3
6.2
5.1
5.1
5.3
5.1
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Brazil, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

95.5%47
70%41
71.2%37 48 49
71.2%37 38
71.6%
71.1%
70.2%
70.7%
70.8%37
68.7%
69.7%
68.0%
62.7%
61.2%
60.3%
59.1%
70.1%47
70.1%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual male firearm homicides total 

44,82831
42,102
39,50040
40,329
38,007
37,715
34,442
34,576
34,402
33,582
32,144
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

43.8631
41.48
39.20
40.32
38.30
38.31
35.28
35.72
35.86
35.34
34.17
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Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual female firearm homicides total 

2,64131
2,339
2,27840
2,390
2,323
2,332
2,258
2,194
2,191
2,048
1,987
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Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

2.5131
2.24
2.20
2.33
2.28
2.31
2.26
2.22
2.23
2.11
2.07
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Suicides (any method)Blue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual suicides by any means total 

11,08931
10,173
9,871
9,329
9,265
8,967
8,340
7,932
7,991
7,796
8,868
10,34950 51
10,048
10,113
9,803
9,494
9,363
8,186
6,98534 
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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

5.3531
4.94
4.83
4.60
4.61
4.50
4.22
4.05
4.12
4.06
4.66
5.550 51
5.4
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.3
4.7
3.9134
3.4652
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Male Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual male suicides by any means total 

9,03231
8,320
7,997
7,641
7,566
7,295
6,838
6,491
6,645
6,426
6,995
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Rate of Male Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

8.8431
8.20
7.94
7.64
7.62
7.41
7
6.71
6.93
6.76
7.43
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Female Suicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual female suicides by any means total 

2,05231
1,852
1,872
1,687
1,698
1,669
1,501
1,441
1,344
1,370
1,872
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Rate of Female Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female suicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

1.9531
1.78
1.81
1.64
1.67
1.65
1.50
1.45
1.37
1.41
1.95
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Gun SuicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual firearm suicides total 

96131
950
90540
97340
1,040
98932
916
969
1,06932 48
1,123
1,141
1,138
1,226
1,247
1,330
1,366
1,408
1,33032 34
1,26032
1,407
1,539
1,543
1,555
1,321
1,169
1,085
1,037
989
850
827
951
788
781
766
789
657
731
660 
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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.4631
0.46
0.44
0.48
0.52
0.50
0.46
0.49
0.55
0.58
0.60
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.835 34
0.835
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.835 53
0.735
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
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Male Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual male firearm suicides total 

85031
865
81840
87440
933
880
832
868
958
1,007
1,005
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Rate of Male Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.8331
0.85
0.81
0.87
0.94
0.89
0.85
0.90
1
1.06
1.07
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Female Gun Suicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual female firearm suicides total 

11131
85
8740
9940
107
109
84
101
111
116
136
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Rate of Female Gun Suicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female firearm suicide per 100,000 population is 

0.1131
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.14
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Unintentional Gun DeathsBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional shooting deaths total 

32231
301
31440
38240
326
28432
264
352
35132 48
353
320
404
244
201
283
318
336
32932 34
88832
371
250
270
534
353
456
859
1,140
658
605
586
677
669
575
515
566
467
448
386 
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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.1631
0.15
0.15
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.13
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.235 34
0.535
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.335 54
0.635
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
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Unintentional Male Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional male shooting deaths total 

29731
279
29640
36140
301
258
246
321
312
321
292
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Rate of Unintentional Male Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional male shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.2931
0.27
0.29
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.25
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.31
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Unintentional Female Gun DeathsChartIn Brazil, annual unintentional female shooting deaths total 

2531
22
1840
2140
25
26
18
31
39
32
28
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Rate of Unintentional Female Gun Death per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unintentional female shooting death per 100,000 population is 

0.0231
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
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Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

81831
1,052
95940
95840
869
1,06632
827
779
1,63332 48
1,506
1,232
897
1,171
1,478
1,597
2,135
1,977
2,46132 34
2,14832
2,759
1,519
1,692
2,369
3,755
4,115
4,357
3,614
2,379
5,505
4,978
3,747
4,609
3,783
3,350
3,062
1,608
1,689
1,560 
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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.3931
0.51
0.47
0.47
0.43
0.53
0.42
0.40
0.84
0.78
0.65
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.2
1.1
1.435 34
1.335
1.7
1.0
1.1
1.5
2.4
2.735 53
2.935
2.5
1.7
3.9
3.6
2.7
3.4
2.9
2.6
2.4
1.3
1.4
1.3
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Male Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Brazil, annual male shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

77731
990
89640
90340
824
999
782
718
1,529
1,410
1,142
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Rate of Male Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause male shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.7631
0.98
0.89
0.90
0.83
1.01
0.80
0.74
1.59
1.48
1.21
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Female Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseChartIn Brazil, annual female shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total 

4031
59
6140
5340
45
66
44
57
99
92
83
Compare
Rate of Female Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of unknown-cause female shooting deaths per 100,000 population is 

0.0431
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.09
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Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesBlue-superscript reference numbers which link to sources covering multiple years are only displayed beside the most recent year. 
                    Figures without a hyperlink can be found in the next reference above.ChartIn Brazil, annual legal-intervention gun homicides total 

1,85431
1,374
94240
793
592
708
609
756
609
546
512 
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Rate of Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.8931
0.67
0.46
0.39
0.29
0.36
0.31
0.39
0.31
0.28
0.27
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Male Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual male legal-intervention gun homicides total 

1,84631
1,364
93740
789
585
698
599
744
604
540
506
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Rate of Male Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

1.8131
1.34
0.93
0.79
0.59
0.71
0.61
0.77
0.63
0.57
0.54
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Female Legal Intervention Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual female legal-intervention gun homicides total 

831
10
540
4
7
10
10
12
5
6
6
Compare
Rate of Female Legal Intervention Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female legal-intervention gun homicide per 100,000 population is 

0.0131
0.01
0
0
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

ProductionGun IndustryCompare
Regulation of Firearm MakersIn Brazil, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 8 63 64 65
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Number of Small Arms ManufacturedThe reported annual number of small arms manufactured in Brazil is 

2002/07: 2,300,0008
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Small Arms Manufacture - World RankingIn a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, Brazil was ranked 'medium'66 67
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Home-made GunsIn Brazil, the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be low68 69 65

TransfersGun Trade and TraffickingCompare
Firearm ExportsIn Brazil, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law70 71 55 56 58 72 73 74 75 76
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Small Arms Exports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Brazil is reported by Customs to be US$

2016: 600,000,00077
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Small Arms Exports - World RankingIn a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, Brazil was categorized as 'major'78 79 80 81 82 83  43
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Firearm ImportsIn Brazil, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law84 61 55 56 58 62 72 74 75 76
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Small Arms Imports (US$) - CustomsThe annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Brazil is reported by Customs to be US$

2016: 11,000,00085
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Smuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Brazil is high86 87 88 89 90
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Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Brazil, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law91 92 73 93 94
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End User CertificatesCustoms regulations in Brazil include71 73 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use
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Transparency of Small Arms TransfersChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, Brazil scored 

2019: 9.5095
2018: 8.7596
2016: 7.0097
2014: 7.0098
2013: 7.5099
2012: 7.50100
2011: 8.50101
2010: 9.00102
2009: 9.00103
2008: 9.00104
2007: 8.50105
2006: 8.00106
2005: 8.50107
2004: 9.00108 

MeasuresGun RegulationCompare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Brazil is categorised as restrictive109
Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Brazil includes the Firearms Act  No. 10 826 of 2003,110 111 and its regulation No. 5 123,112 the Decree No. 3 665 of 2000,113 Ministerial Act No. 7 of 2006,59 Ministerial Act No. 16 of  2004,74 the Constitution and the Penal Code of Brazil57
Firearm Regulation AuthorityGuns in Brazil are regulated by the Ministry of Justice and the Federal Police,114 through the National Arms System (SINARM),58 and the Command of the Brazilian Armed Forces115 61 116 117
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Right to Possess FirearmsIn Brazil, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law118 119 120
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Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Brazil, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons for the exclusive use of the Army,121 automatic firearms, certain handguns, smooth bore long guns or with a rifled barrel, disguised firearms122 and imitation firearms,62 with few exceptions123
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Regulation of Automatic WeaponsIn Brazil, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited,122 124 125 126 with few exceptions123
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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsIn Brazil, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence127 124
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Regulation of HandgunsIn Brazil, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is prohibited,122 with only narrow exemptions127 128 123 124 125 126
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Law Regulates Long GunsIn Brazil,  civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law122 127 126
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Gun Ownership and PossessionIn Brazil, only licensed gun owners129 130 131 132 133 126 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionApplicants for a gun owner’s licence in Brazil are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting, security130 134 135 128 125 111
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Minimum Age for Firearm PossessionThe minimum age for gun ownership in Brazil is 25 years,136 134 135 137 111 with only narrow exemptions138 139 140
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Gun Owner Background ChecksAn applicant for a firearm licence in Brazil must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health and employment130 141 128 135 126 111 records
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Reference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Brazil, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required120
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Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Brazil, licensing authorities are not required120 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence
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Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Brazil does not stipulate120 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked
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Firearm Safety TrainingIn Brazil, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required141 130 135  for a firearm licence
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Gun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Brazil, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every three years130 56 111
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Licensing RecordsIn Brazil, authorities maintain a record142 58 124 143 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition
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Limit on Number of GunsLicensed firearm owners in Brazil are permitted to possess one firearm per authorisation144 145 111
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Limit on Quantity, Type of AmmunitionLicensed firearm owners in Brazil are permitted to possess a limited quantity of ammunition144 111
Firearm Registration
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Civilian Gun RegistrationIn Brazil, the law requires146 142 131 123 58 147 148 124 143 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register
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Gun Dealer Record KeepingIn Brazil, licensed firearm dealers are required149 130 58 143 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority
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Gun Manufacturer Record KeepingIn Brazil, licensed gun makers are required58 150 143 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority
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State-Owned Firearm RecordsIn Brazil, State agencies are required146 123 148 151 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control
Gun Sales and Transfers
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Regulation of Private Gun SalesIn Brazil, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited without a licence from the Federal Police152 130
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Regulation of Dealer Gun SalesIn Brazil, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful55 56 129 149 58 61 153 148
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Background Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Brazil is obliged130 141 to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Brazil is obliged130 141 to pass official background checks before taking possession
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Limit on Gun Dealer SalesIn Brazil, the number and type of firearms which can be sold by a licensed gun dealer to a single gun owner is limited to three firearms (one handgun, one rifle, one shotgun) every two years, for retired military officials and non-commissioned officers154
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Waiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Brazil, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is 30 business days130 
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Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Brazil, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are regulated155 in law
Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm regulations in Brazil include156 133 138 157 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm regulations in Brazil include158 159 160 155 157 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers
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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentGovernment regulations in Brazil include151 161 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities
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Firearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Brazil include162 163 132 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit
Carrying Guns
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Law Regulates Firearms in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law129 134 128 164 165 43 126
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Carrying Guns Openly in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited166 165
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Carrying Hidden Handguns in PublicIn Brazil, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit134
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Gun Free ZonesIn Brazil, private guns are prohibited in sports arenas, churches, banks, schools, government buildings and other gathering places166 167
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Penalty for Illicit Firearm PossessionIn Brazil, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm168 is two to four years in prison and a fine129 57 169 138 170 171 172 173 174 157

MeasuresInternational Controls
Regional Agreements
Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Brazil adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified175 176 by Brazil
United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal JusticeThe UNCCPCJ, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, lists177 Brazil as an elected member
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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006178 by Brazil.
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Arms Trade TreatyThe Arms Trade Treaty has been signed, but not yet ratified179 by Brazil
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United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified180 by Brazil
United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA
UNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Brazil committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects181
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UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreIn its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Brazil against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 62182 183 184 185 among 159 Member States
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UNPoA National ReportingUnder the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Brazil has submitted one or more national reports186 94 on its implementation of the UNPoA
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UNPoA National Point of ContactIn Brazil, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated187 94
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UNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Brazil, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated94
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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Brazil submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent187
UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have been donated94 by Brazil to other UN Member States
UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided94 to Brazil by other UN Member States
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United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Brazil has not declared188 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.
United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Brazil has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945189
Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list190 Brazil as a Participating State

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal ProfileLink
About SDG 16The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals set by the United Nations to be implemented by all member states by 2030. Adopted in 2015, they outline a vision of development in which peace and security are an integral part.

SDG 16,191 which seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development,” includes targets and indicators focused on reducing violence (Target 16.1) and the proliferation of illicit arms (Target 16.4). The indicators – or measurement criteria – of these targets include the number of victims of intentional homicide (Indicator 16.1.1), the number of conflict-related deaths (Indicator 16.1.2), and the number of illicit firearms collected and traced (Indicator 16.4.2).

In light of these targets and indicators, GunPolicy.org provides granular national data pertaining to homicides, gun homicides, conflict deaths, disarmament efforts, and marking and tracing.
Compare
Homicides (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual homicides by any means total 

63,74831
61,143
58,138
59,681
56,804
56,337
52,198
52,260
51,434
50,113
48,219
49,704
48,136
48,909
51,534
49,816
48,032
45,433
42,91437 38
41,950
40,507
38,894
41,59538 
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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

30.7431
29.71
28.46
29.45
28.26
28.26
26.42
26.69
26.51
26.08
25.36
26.42
25.88
26.61
28.39
27.80
27.17
26.06
24.9812 38
24.78
24.28
23.66
25.738
19.0439
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Male Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual male homicides by any means total 

58,71331
56,409
53,424
54,736
51,937
51,544
47,619
47,749
47,109
46,024
44,392
45,611
44,220
45,053
47,569
45,895
44,129
41,657
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Rate of Male Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

57.4431
55.58
53.02
54.73
52.34
52.36
48.78
49.33
49.11
48.43
47.18
48.99
48.02
49.49
52.89
51.69
50.36
48.21
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Female Homicide Victims (any method)ChartIn Brazil, annual female homicides by any means total 

4,92831
4,635
4,616
4,832
4,762
4,719
4,512
4,465
4,260
4,023
3,778
4,030
3,887
3,831
3,941
3,868
3,851
3,744
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Rate of Female Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 

4.6931
4.44
4.46
4.71
4.68
4.68
4.51
4.51
4.34
4.14
3.93
4.24
4.14
4.13
4.30
4.28
4.32
4.26
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Gun HomicidesChartIn Brazil, annual firearm homicides total 

47,51031
44,475
41,81740
42,75540
40,369
40,07732
36,737
36,79232 41 42 43
36,62432 42 44
35,676
34,147
34,921
33,419
34,187
36,11532 44 42 43
34,16032 44 42 45
33,40132 44 42
30,86532 44 42 33
26,90232 37
25,674
24,445
22,976
22,30632
18,889
17,002
14,785
15,759
16,588
13,480
10,735
10,717
8,803
8,349
7,947
6,413
6,313
6,452
6,104 
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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

22.9131
21.61
20.47
21.10
20.08
20.11
18.59
18.79
18.88
18.57
17.96
18.7
18.135 44 42 38
19.1
20.435 44 42
19.635 44 42 45
19.435 44 42
18.235 44 42 12
16.435
15.9
15.3
14.6
14.3
12.3
11.235 46
9.935
10.7
11.5
9.5
7.7
7.8
6.6
6.3
6.2
5.1
5.1
5.3
5.1
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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a GunChartIn Brazil, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be 

95.5%47
70%41
71.2%37 48 49
71.2%37 38
71.6%
71.1%
70.2%
70.7%
70.8%37
68.7%
69.7%
68.0%
62.7%
61.2%
60.3%
59.1%
70.1%47
70.1%
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Male Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual male firearm homicides total 

44,82831
42,102
39,50040
40,329
38,007
37,715
34,442
34,576
34,402
33,582
32,144
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Rate of Male Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of male firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

43.8631
41.48
39.20
40.32
38.30
38.31
35.28
35.72
35.86
35.34
34.17
Compare
Female Gun Homicide VictimsChartIn Brazil, annual female firearm homicides total 

2,64131
2,339
2,27840
2,390
2,323
2,332
2,258
2,194
2,191
2,048
1,987
Compare
Rate of Female Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleChartIn Brazil, the annual rate of female firearm homicide per 100,000 population is 

2.5131
2.24
2.20
2.33
2.28
2.31
2.26
2.22
2.23
2.11
2.07
Link
Conflict DeathsFor a profile of conflict in Brazil, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University
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DisarmamentAuthorities in Brazil are known to have192 193 194 195 17 196 197 8 198 199 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation
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Surrendered in Gun AmnestyChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 

212,279200 201 202
60,196200
459,855201 202 203 204 8 205
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Exchanged in Gun BuybackChartIn Brazil, the total number of firearms exchanged for monetary or in-kind compensation during recent gun buyback and disposal programmes is reported to be 

27,329206
40,000
2003/09: 1,100,000207
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Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 

17,352208
18,540
8,681209
18,630209 210
13,048
15,740211 212
15,560
14,441
11,664211
11,112
469,0008
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Small Arms DestroyedChartIn Brazil, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 

500,000213
253,321214 215 202 205
5,000204
10,000
100,000204
1997/2013: 2,800,000213
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Destruction and Disposal PolicyIn Brazil, it is state policy216 217 17 214 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market
Marking and Tracing
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Firearm MarkingIn Brazil, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law59 142 60 61 75 218 174
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Firearm TracingIn Brazil, state authorities carry out60 61 219 220 221 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures
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Ballistic Record of Firearms and AmmunitionIn Brazil, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not120 43 recorded in a register
Link
Global Peace IndexTo see where Brazil ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index, and then click on Brazil on the map or in the "Select Country" menu on the right of the web page

Short References

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15.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Registered Firearms (Armas de fogo Registradas).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11879)Full Citation
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17.: Karp, Aaron.2012.‘Country Analyses: Brazil.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q11607)Full Citation
18.: Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Estimated Total Small Arms, Firearms, and Surpluses in Brazil, Rounded.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5300)Full Citation
19.: GunPolicy.org. 2019. ‘Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 24 January. (G14) Full Citation
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21.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Informal and Criminal Holdings.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3376)Full Citation
22.: Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Military Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Military-Owned Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13436)Full Citation
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24.: Karp, Aaron.2013.‘Table 4: Twenty Largest Military Small Arms Inventories.’ Armed Actors - Data Sources and the Estimation of Military-Owned Small Arms.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q8186)Full Citation
25.: Karp, Aaron.2012.‘State Firearms Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8973)Full Citation
26.: Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation
27.: Karp, Aaron.2018.‘Law Enforcement Firearms Holdings, 2017.’ Estimating Global Law Enforcement Firearms Numbers.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,18 June. (Q13435)Full Citation
28.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Public Security Agencies and Criminal Justice.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3380)Full Citation
29.: Karp, Aaron.2012.‘Table 1 - Estimated Law Enforcement Firearms in 20 Selected Countries.’ Armed Actors - Estimating Law Enforcement Firearms.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 December. (Q6544)Full Citation
30.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Public Security Agencies (Law Enforcement) and Criminal Justice: Strength and Holdings.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3379)Full Citation
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36.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Mortality Rates 1996-2008 (Taxas de Mortalidade 1996-2008).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11876)Full Citation
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40.: WHO.2016.‘Inter-country Comparison of Mortality for Selected Causes of Death.’ WHO Mortality Data Base.Geneva:World Health Organisation,1 December. (Q13354)Full Citation
41.: Igarapé Institute.2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Brazil.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11100)Full Citation
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43.: Bandeira, Antônio Rangel.2012.‘Arms Control in Brazil and Regional Agenda (Control de armas en Brasil y agenda regional).’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9213)Full Citation
44.: Brazil.2010.‘Firearm Homicide Rate (Taxa de Homicídios por Armas de Fogo).’ The Impact of Armed Violence in Brazil (A Incidência da Violência Armada no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Confederação Nacional de Municípios (National Confederation of Counties),31 December. (Q11865)Full Citation
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47.: Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Percentage of Gun Homicides (Participação dos homicídios por AF no total de óbitos por AF).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11895)Full Citation
48.: Fleitas, Diego Manuel, Germán Lodola and Hernán Flom.2014.‘Country Profiles on Crime and Violence: Brazil.’ Crime and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Regional Country Profiles.Buenos Aires:Asociación para Políticas Públicas (APP) and Action on Armed Violence,1 January. (Q11442)Full Citation
49.: Chávez, Juliana and Alonso Tobón García.2012.‘Homicides Committed with Firearms.’ Regional Report on States' Capacities to Address Armed Violence - Latin America and the Caribbean.London:Action on Armed Violence and Seguridad Humana en Latinoamérica y el Caribe,1 May. (Q11768)Full Citation
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60.: Brazil.2003.‘General Provisions - Monitoring Firearms and Ammunition (Disposições gerais - o acompanhamento de Armas de Fogo e Munições).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11553)Full Citation
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66.: Small Arms Survey.2001.‘Ranking of World's Small Arms Producers (By Sales).’ Small Arms Survey 2001: Profiling the Problem.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q103)Full Citation
67.: Dreyfus, Pablo, Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento and Luis Eduardo Guedes.2008.‘Small Arms-Related Violence in Brazil: Victims and Weapons.’ Small Arms in Rio de Janeiro: The Guns, the Buyback, and the Victims.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 December. (Q2087)Full Citation
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69.: Shelley de Botton.2006.‘Handmade Guns: Weapons Seizures Point to Growing Trend in Brazil.’ Handmade Guns in Brazil - Interview with Pablo Dreyfus.Brasilia:Comunidad Segura,28 September. (Q11825)Full Citation
70.: Brazil.2004.‘Export (Exportar).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11534)Full Citation
71.: Brazil.2004.‘End-User Certificates (Certificado do Usuário Final).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11535)Full Citation
72.: Iootty de Paiva Dias, Carolina.2003.‘What is the Legislation on Imports, Exports and Transit Operations in Brazil?.’ National Legislations on Firearm Control in Mercosur.Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio,1 June. (Q11639)Full Citation
73.: Brazil.2008.‘Legislation - Export Controls.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1660)Full Citation
74.: Brazil.2008.‘Legislation.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1659)Full Citation
75.: Brazil.2008.‘Weapons - Marking.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1657)Full Citation
76.: Brazil.2014.‘International Transfers - Record Keeping.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9184)Full Citation
77.: Picard, Michael, Paul Holtom and Fiona Mangan.2019.‘Annexe A1: Annual Authorized Small Arms and Light Weapons Exports by Major Exporter.’ Trade Update 2019: Transfers, Transparency, and South-east Asia Spotlight.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,12 December. (Q14071)Full Citation
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85.: Picard, Michael, Paul Holtom and Fiona Mangan.2019.‘Annexe A2: Annual Authorized Small Arms and Light Weapons Imports by Major Importers.’ Trade Update 2019: Transfers, Transparency, and South-east Asia Spotlight.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,12 December. (Q14070)Full Citation
86.: Brazil.2018.‘International Transfers.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q13649)Full Citation
87.: Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Smuggling].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11851)Full Citation
88.: Brazil.2005.‘Combating Groups and Individuals Engaged in Illicit Activities.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1720)Full Citation
89.: Bandeira, Antonio Rangel.2006.‘Parliamentary Commission of Investigation (CPI) Denounces the Deviation of Arms in Brazil.’ Viva Rio media release.Brasilia:Viva Rio,29 November. (Q2090)Full Citation
90.: Hannah Stone. 2011. ‘Brazil's New Arms-trafficking Frontier? The Sea.’ Christian Science Monitor. 18 July. (N444) Full Citation
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93.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q82)Full Citation
94.: UNODA.2018.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) - Implementation Support System.New York, NY:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,23 July. (Q1309)Full Citation
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96.: Holtom, Paul and Irene Pavesi.2018.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.’ The 2018 Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q13505)Full Citation
97.: Pavesi, Irene.2016.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2016.’ Trade Update 2016: Transfers and Transparency.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 June. (Q12070)Full Citation
98.: Holtom, Paul, Irene Pavesi, and Christelle Rigual.2014.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2014.’ Small Arms Survey 2014: Women and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,16 June. (Q10547)Full Citation
99.: Pavesi, Irene and Christelle Rigual.2013.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2013.’ Small Arms Survey 2013: Everyday Dangers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,2 July. (Q6871)Full Citation
100.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2012.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2012.’ Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q6869)Full Citation
101.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2011.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2011.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,6 July. (Q10549)Full Citation
102.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2010.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2010.’ Small Arms Survey 2010: Gangs, Groups and Guns.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,14 June. (Q10550)Full Citation
103.: Lazarevic, Jasna.2009.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2009.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,9 July. (Q10551)Full Citation
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105.: Glatz, Anne-Kathrin and Lora Lumpe.2007.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2007.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,27 August. (Q10553)Full Citation
106.: Khakee, Anna, Pablo Dreyfus and Anne-Kathrin Glatz.2006.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2006.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10554)Full Citation
107.: Khakee, Anna.2005.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2005.’ Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,11 July. (Q10555)Full Citation
108.: Khakee, Anna.2004.‘Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer 2004.’ Small Arms Survey 2004: Rights at Risk.Oxford:Oxford University Press and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 July. (Q10556)Full Citation
109.: Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation
110.: Brazil.2003.‘Act No. 10.826 (Lei N° 10.826).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11593)Full Citation
111.: Rachel Glickhouse. 2015. ‘Brazil Update: Congress to Consider Bill Loosening Gun Control.’ Americas Society / Council of the Americas (AS/COA). 24 November. (N450) Full Citation
112.: Brazil.2004.‘Regulation No. 5.123 of the Firearms Act No. 10.826.’ Decree 5.123, of 1 July 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de Julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11544)Full Citation
113.: Brazil.2000.‘Regulation on the Control of Controlled Goods (Regulamento para a fiscalização de produtos controlados).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11868)Full Citation
114.: Brazil.2003.‘The National Weapon System (Do Sistema Nacional de Armas).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1490)Full Citation
115.: Brazil.2003.‘Army Command - Responsibilities (Comando do Exército - Responsabilidades).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11552)Full Citation
116.: Brazil.2000.‘Supervisory Bodies (Órgãos de fiscalização).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11870)Full Citation
117.: Brazil.2000.‘Role of the Supervisory Bodies – Army (Atribuições órgãos de fiscalização - Exército).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11871)Full Citation
118.: Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami, FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation
119.: Zachary Elkins, Tom Ginsburg and James Melton. 2013. ‘U.S. Gun Rights Truly Are American Exceptionalism.’ Bloomberg (USA). 7 March. (N422) Full Citation
120.: Brazil.2003.‘Act No. 10.826 (Lei N° 10.826).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11599)Full Citation
121.: Brazil.2014.‘Firearms - Definitions (Armas de fogo - das definições).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11527)Full Citation
122.: Brazil.2000.‘Restricted Firearms and Ammunition (Armas de Fogo e Munições Restrito).’ Decree No. 3.665, of Novembre 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11574)Full Citation
123.: Brazil.2004.‘Acquisition and Registration of Restricted Firearms (Da aquisição e registro da arma de fogo de uso restrito).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11541)Full Citation
124.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5362)Full Citation
125.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5360)Full Citation
126.: Butchart, Alexander, Christopher Mikton and Etienne Krug.2014.‘Country Profile: Brazil.’ Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014.Geneva:World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),10 December. (Q9709)Full Citation
127.: Brazil.2000.‘Permitted Firearms and Ammunition (Armas de Fogo e Munições permitidos).’ Decree No. 3.665, of Novembre 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11575)Full Citation
128.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearms for Subsistence Hunters (Armas de fogo para caçador de subsistência).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11537)Full Citation
129.: Brazil.2003.‘Illegal Carrying of Firearms for Permitted Use (Porte ilegal de arma de fogo de uso permitido).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11547)Full Citation
130.: Brazil.2003.‘Acquisition [and Possession] of a Firearm (Aquisição [e Posse] de arma de fogo).’ Act No 10.826, of 22 December 2003.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11561)Full Citation
131.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Safety - Household and Workplace (Segurança de arma de fogo - no domicílio e trabalho).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11542)Full Citation
132.: Brazil.2004.‘Transport Regulation (Regulamento de Transporte).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11536)Full Citation
133.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Storage and Transportation - Private Security Companies (Armazenamento e transporte de armas de fogo - empresas de segurança privada).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11556)Full Citation
134.: Brazil.2003.‘Carrying Firearms (Porte de Arma de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11559)Full Citation
135.: US Law Library of Congress.2013.‘General Requirements for Civilian Licenses - Brazil.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11569)Full Citation
136.: Brazil.2003.‘General Provisions - Minimum Age (Disposições Gerais - Idade mínima).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1489)Full Citation
137.: Santaella-Tenorio, Julian, Magdalena Cerdá, Andrés Villaveces, and Sandro Galea.2016.‘What Do We Know About the Association Between Firearm Legislation and Firearm-Related Injuries? - Estatuto do Desarmamento (Brazil).’ Epidemiologic Reviews.Oxford:Oxford University Press,10 February. (Q11776)Full Citation
138.: Brazil.2003.‘Careless Handling or Storage of a Firearm (Manuseio Descuidado ou Armazenamento de Arma de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1891)Full Citation
139.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Child and Adolescent Statute.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11512)Full Citation
140.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q11617)Full Citation
141.: Brazil.2004.‘Acquisition and Registration of Firearms for Permitted Use (Da Aquisição e do Registro da Arma de Fogo de Uso Permitido).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11539)Full Citation
142.: Brazil.2014.‘Registration - Permitted Firearms (Registro - armas de fogo permitida).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11526)Full Citation
143.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5380)Full Citation
144.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Acquisition [and Possession] of a Firearm.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11516)Full Citation
145.: Alpers, Philip.1997.‘Limit on Number of Guns.’ Personal Interview with Philip Alpers.Sao Paulo:GunPolicy.org,5 December. (Q11626)Full Citation
146.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Registration (Registro de armas de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11558)Full Citation
147.: Brazil.2003.‘Unregistered Firearms - Registration (Armas de fogo não registradas - Inscrição).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11550)Full Citation
148.: Brazil.2008.‘Registration Systems.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1661)Full Citation
149.: Brazil.2004.‘Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales (Regulamentação das vendas por vendedores de armas de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11540)Full Citation
150.: Brazil.2014.‘Record-Keeping by Manufacturers.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9183)Full Citation
151.: Brazil.2014.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9186)Full Citation
152.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Ownership Transfer (Transferência de propriedade da arma de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11543)Full Citation
153.: Brazil.2003.‘Referendum on Firearms and Ammunition Trade (Referendo sobre o comércio de armas de fogo e Munições).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11557)Full Citation
154.: Dreyfus, Pablo, and Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento.2010.‘Estimates of Small Arms Held by Active and Retired Military Officers and Non-Commissioned Officers.’ Small Arms in Brazil: Production, Trade, and Holdings.Geneva:Viva Rio, ISER, and the Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 September. (Q3374)Full Citation
155.: Brazil.2000.‘Exhibition of Firearms and Ammunition (Exposição de armas e munições).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11884)Full Citation
156.: Brazil.2003.‘Storage Regulations - Sports Entities (Regulamento para armazenamento - as organizações desportivas).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11555)Full Citation
157.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q11618)Full Citation
158.: Brazil.2000.‘Regional Network for Supervising Controlled Products (Redes Regionais de Fiscalização de Produtos Controlados).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11873)Full Citation
159.: Brazil.2000.‘Supervision and Safety (Fiscalização e segurança).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11882)Full Citation
160.: Brazil.2000.‘Storage Depots (Depósitos).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11885)Full Citation
161.: Brazil.2000.‘Registration Exemption (Isenção de registro).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11874)Full Citation
162.: Brazil.2000.‘Transport (Transporte).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11883)Full Citation
163.: Brazil.2000.‘Transit (Tráfego).’ Decree No. 3.665 of November 20, 2000 (Decreto Nº 3.665, de 20 de Novembro de 2000).Brasilia:Presidency of the Republic of Brazil,20 November. (Q11881)Full Citation
164.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Bill Amending Disarmament Statute Vetoed.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11524)Full Citation
165.: Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5409)Full Citation
166.: Brazil.2008.‘Prohibited Zones to Carry Firearms (Zonas proibidas de levar armas de fogo).’ Decree 6.715, of 29 December 2008 (Decreto Nº 6.715, de 29 de dezembro de 2008).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,29 December. (Q11529)Full Citation
167.: Associated Press. 2004. ‘Brazil Puts in Place Stricter Gun Laws to Reduce Killings.’ 4 July. (N191) Full Citation
168.: GunPolicy.org. 2015. ‘Penalty for Unlawful Firearm Possession.’ Definition and Selection Criteria.
Sydney School of Public Health, 22 January. (G93) Full Citation
169.: Brazil.2003.‘Shooting Firearms (Disparo de arma de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11554)Full Citation
170.: Brazil.1990.‘Child and Adolescent Statute (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente).’ Act Nº 8.069, of 13 July 1990.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,13 July. (Q11564)Full Citation
171.: Brazil.1998.‘Child and Adolescent Statute - Special Legislation (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente - Legislação Especial).’ Brazilian Penal Code.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,12 December. (Q11563)Full Citation
172.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Criminalisation.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11519)Full Citation
173.: Brazil.2003.‘Irregular Ownership of Authorized Fire Weapons (Posse Irregular de Arma de Fogo de Uso Permitido).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q1479)Full Citation
174.: Brazil.2005.‘Enforcing Controls.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1663)Full Citation
175.: OAS / UNODA.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials / CIFTA.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York, NY:Organization of American States / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 November. (Q3244)Full Citation
176.: OAS.1997.‘Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA): Signatures and Ratifications.’ Organization of American States, Department of International Law.Washington, DC:Organization of American States,14 November. (Q3262)Full Citation
177.: UNCCPCJ / UNODC.1991.‘Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice.’ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Vienna:United Nations Economic and Social Council / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q3222)Full Citation
178.: GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation
179.: UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation
180.: UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation
181.: UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York, NY:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation
182.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation
183.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation
184.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation
185.: Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation
186.: Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation
187.: IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York, NY:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation
188.: UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York, NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation
189.: UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York, NY:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation
190.: Wassenaar Arrangement.1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation
191.: United Nations.2017.‘Relevant Targets & Indicators.’ Sustainable Development Goal 16.New York NY:United Nations Statistics Division,6 July. (Q14093)Full Citation
192.: Brazil.2004.‘Disarmament Campaign (Campanha do Desarmamento).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11545)Full Citation
193.: Brazil.2004.‘Surrendering Firearms (Entregando Armas de Fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11546)Full Citation
194.: Brazil.2002.‘Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Entrega voluntária de armas de fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11562)Full Citation
195.: Brazil.2003.‘Surrendering Firearms (Entregar-se Armas de Fogo).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11549)Full Citation
196.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Collection Programmes.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11521)Full Citation
197.: Soares, Eduardo.2013.‘Disarmament Campaign.’ Firearms-Control Legislation Policy - Brazil.Washington DC:Law Library of Congress (USA),1 February. (Q11523)Full Citation
198.: Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Brazil.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5299)Full Citation
199.: Godnick, William and Helena Vasquez.2003.‘Weapons Destruction Events facilitated - UN-LiREC.’ Small Arms Control in Latin America: Monitoring the Implementation of Small Arms Control Projects (MISAC).London:International Alert, Security and Peacebuilding Programme,1 March. (Q5565)Full Citation
200.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Permitted Firearms Amnestied in 2008 and 2009 (Armas de fogo de uso permitido anistiadas em 2008 e 2009).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11880)Full Citation
201.: Viva Rio.2010.‘Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Entrega Voluntária de Armas de Fogo).’ Stocks and Distribution of Firearms in Brazil (Estoques e Distribuição de Armas de Fogo no Brasil).Rio de Janeiro:Viva Rio (Viva Comunidade), Sub-Comissão de Armas e Munições da Câmara Federal, Ministério da Justiça,1 January. (Q11875)Full Citation
202.: Bandeira, Antônio Rangel.2012.‘Campaigns for the Voluntary Surrender of Firearms (Campañas voluntarias de canje de armas).’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9214)Full Citation
203.: Cellone, Maria Paula.2010.‘Firearm Collection Programmes (Planes de Recolección de Armas).’ Plurinational Meeting: Transfer and Illicit trafficking in Firearms: Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile.New York, NY:Fundación Arias para la Paz y el Progreso Humano (ARIAS) y el Centro de Estudios Judiciales,4 October. (Q11398)Full Citation
204.: Stohl, Rachel and Doug Tuttle.2014.‘The Small Arms Trade in Latin America [Collection and Destruction].’ North American Congress on Latin America, Reporting on the Americas.New York NY:North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA),13 October. (Q11853)Full Citation
205.: Robert Muggah. 2014. ‘Brazil and South Africa Are Addicted to Gun Violence.’ Huffington Post (USA). 24 November. (N435) Full Citation
206.: Brazil.2014.‘Small Arms and Light Weapons Collected.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9189)Full Citation
207.: Ezra Fieser. 2014. ‘Dominican Republic to Launch Disarmament Campaign.’ Infosurhoy.com. 14 April. (N368) Full Citation
208.: UNODC.2020.‘Arms Seized, Found, and Surrendered, by Type.’ Illicit Arms Flows Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,7 January. (Q14056)Full Citation
209.: Brazil.2016.‘Collection.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 June. (Q12444)Full Citation
210.: Matt Sandy. 2015. ‘Brazil Seeks to Copy U.S. Gun Culture.’ Time (USA). 12 November. (N452) Full Citation
211.: Brazil.2014.‘Small Arms and Light Weapons Seized.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9188)Full Citation
212.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Number of Firearms Reported Seized by Police, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10542)Full Citation
213.: Brazil.2014.‘Destruction of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9187)Full Citation
214.: Brazil.2005.‘Destruction of Illicit Weapons.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,11 July. (Q1662)Full Citation
215.: Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q11758)Full Citation
216.: Brazil.2004.‘Firearm Destruction Policy (Política de destruição de armas de fogo).’ Decree No. 5.123, of July 1, 2004 (Decreto Nº 5.123, de 1º de julho de 2004).Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,1 July. (Q11531)Full Citation
217.: Brazil.2003.‘Firearm Destruction Procedure (Procedimento arma de fogo Destruição).’ Act No. 10.826, of December 22, 2003, on the Registration, Possession, and Commerce of Firearms and Ammunition, on the National System of Weapons (SINARM), and Defining Crimes and other Provisions.Brasilia:National Congress of Brazil,22 December. (Q11551)Full Citation
218.: Brazil.2008.‘Ammunition - Marking.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument.New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,14 July. (Q1658)Full Citation
219.: Brazil.2014.‘International Tracing.’ National Report of Brazil on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA) and the International Tracing Instrument (ITI).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations,1 January. (Q9190)Full Citation
220.: Dreyfus, Pablo, Marcelo de Sousa Nascimento and Luis Eduardo Guedes.2008.‘The Disarmament Statute: Domesticating the Small Arms Industry and Curbing Crime Through Gun Control.’ Small Arms in Rio de Janeiro: The Guns, the Buyback, and the Victims.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 December. (Q2088)Full Citation
221.: Karp, Aaron, Nicholas Marsh and Giorgio Ravagli.2015.‘Summary of Reported International Requests for Tracing of Firearms, 2010-2013.’ UNODC Study on Firearms 2015.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),3 July. (Q10546)Full Citation

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