Wherever possible, this category cites the maximum penalty for the possession of a single, entry-level illicit firearm. In most jurisdictions, higher penalties are imposed for aggravating circumstances.

Sanctions exist for the possession of multiple illicit firearms, hidden handguns, sawn-off or automatic weapons, defaced serial numbers, perceived intentions, gang affiliations, firearm trafficking or violation of gun free zones, to name a few.

Higher penalties may also apply if it is established that the firearm was connected to the commission of a criminal offence.

As it is not possible to document each variation, this category should be used to compare a universal benchmark: the maximum penalty for simple unlawful possession of an entry-level firearm, absent aggravating circumstances.