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Uruguay — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Uruguay is 1,100,0001 2 3 4

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) per 100 people in Uruguay is 32.61 4

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Uruguay ranked at No. 465

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Uruguay ranked at No. 94

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Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

ChartThe number of licensed gun owners in Uruguay is reported to be

2010: 1,1866
2009: 4,727
2008: 4,435

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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

ChartThe rate of licensed firearm owners per 100 people in Uruguay is

2010: 0.047
2009: 0.14
2008: 0.13

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Number of Registered Firearms

ChartThe number of registered guns in Uruguay is reported to be

2015: 604,6328
2014: 580,0009
2010: 450,00010 11
2005: 593,02312 3 13

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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

ChartThe rate of registered guns per 100 people in Uruguay is

2015: 18.097
2014: 17.40
2010: 13.3510
2005: 18.167

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Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Uruguay there are estimated to be 500,0003 12

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Estimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 Population

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Uruguay the rate of illicit firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 15.317

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Uruguay are reported to have 77,00014 3 15 firearms

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Uruguay are reported to have 11,00014 3 16 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

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Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2010: 31317
2009: 30918
2000: 44519 20

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Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2010: 9.517
2009: 9.387
2000: 13.82

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Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual homicides by any means total

2013: 26021
2012: 26721 22
2011: 19921 22 19 23
2010: 20521 22 19 23 24
2009: 226
2008: 221
2007: 194
2006: 203
2005: 188
2004: 194
2003: 197
2002: 231
2001: 218
2000: 214
1999: 13625
1998: 122

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2013: 7.6421
2012: 7.8721 22
2011: 5.8921 22 19 23
2010: 6.08
2009: 6.7621 22 19 23 24
2008: 6.63
2007: 5.84
2006: 6.13
2005: 5.69
2004: 5.88
2003: 5.96
2002: 6.98
2001: 6.59
2000: 6.48
1999: 4.1125 19
1998: 3.71
1997: 4.719
1996: 4.4
1995: 4.7

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Gun Homicides

ChartIn Uruguay, annual firearm homicides total

2013: 15921
2012: 160
2011: 9821 22
2010: 8517
2009: 8718
2006: 4713
2005: 10726
2004: 9319 26 27
2003: 87
2002: 10919 26 28
2001: 182
2000: 8419 26 25
1999: 8725
1998: 75

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Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2013: 4.787
2012: 4.82
2011: 2.96
2010: 2.617
2009: 2.647 24
2008: 3.3624
2007: 2.96
2006: 3.11
2005: 3.226 24
2004: 2.819 26 24
2003: 2.6
2002: 3.3
2001: 5.5
2000: 2.5
1999: 2.6325
1998: 2.28

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Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

ChartIn Uruguay, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2013: 61%21
2012: 60%
2011: 49%21 22
2009: 51%18
2004: 46.5%19
2003: 44.2%
2002: 47.2%
2001: 83.5%
2000: 39.3%

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Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, annual suicides by any means total

2010: 61529
2009: 54830 29
2008: 608
2007: 598
2006: 553
2005: 491
2004: 522
2003: 647
2002: 673
2001: 550
2000: 586
1990: 31820

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2010: 18.637
2009: 16.430 7
2008: 18.2
2007: 18.0
2006: 16.7
2005: 14.9
2004: 15.8
2003: 19.6
2002: 20.3
2001: 16.6
2000: 17.8
1990: 9.3120

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Gun Suicides

ChartIn Uruguay, annual firearm suicides total

2010: 14317
2009: 15418
2000: 24020

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Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2010: 4.317
2009: 4.6831
2000: 7.0320

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Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn Uruguay, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2010: 8417
2009: 6618
2000: 11820

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Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2010: 2.547
2009: 2.00
2000: 3.4620

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Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn Uruguay, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2010: 117
2009: 218
2000: 320

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Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn Uruguay, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2010: 0.037
2009: 0.06
2000: 0.09

ProductionGun Industry

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Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Uruguay, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence,32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 but is not conducted in practice40 41

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

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Firearm Exports

In Uruguay, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law42 43 44 45 46 47 48

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Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Uruguay is reported by Customs to be US$46,10649 (2010)

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Firearm Imports

In Uruguay, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law50 51 52 42 43 44 39 53 46 54 47 48

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Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Uruguay is reported by Customs to be US$2,359,22949 (2011)

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Uruguay, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law55 48

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Uruguay include36 45 52 56 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Uruguay is categorised as restrictive57

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Uruguay includes the Decree-Law No. 10415 of 1943,38 Decree No. 2605/943,53 Decree No. 365/969,58 Decree No. 652/970,59 and several other laws

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Uruguay are regulated by the Ministry of National Defence33 and the Material and Weapons Service60 61 34

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Uruguay, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law62 63

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Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Uruguay, civilians are not allowed to possess firearms intended for the exclusive use of the military, navy, air force and police,64 65 66 such as all long guns for centre-fire cartridges and bullets with a calibre superior to 6.5 mm, automatic pistols of any brand or class whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm and semi-automatic pistols of any brand or class whose calibre is above 9 mm,53 and incendiary, explosive ammunition or dum-dum bullets67 61

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Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Uruguay, private possession of fully automatic weapons is permitted under licence, except automatic pistols whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm61 53

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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Uruguay, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence, except semi-automatic pistols whose calibre is above 9 mm61 53

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Regulation of Handguns

In Uruguay, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence, except automatic pistols whose calibre exceeds 7.65 mm and semi-automatic pistols whose calibre is above 9 mm61 53

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Law Regulates Long Guns

In Uruguay, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law61 53

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Gun Ownership and Possession

In Uruguay, only licensed gun owners68 69 70 61 71 72 73 74 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Uruguay is 18 years75 76

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Uruguay must pass a background check which considers criminal,59 health72 and mental health9 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Uruguay, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required77

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Partner to be Advised or Interviewed

In Uruguay, licensing authorities are not required77 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Uruguay stipulates78 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Uruguay, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required72 9 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Uruguay, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every five years for the Competency Certificate for the Acquisition and Possession of Firearms,79 every ten years for the firearm possession certificate,80 and each year for the Permit to Carry Firearms81

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Licensing Records

In Uruguay, authorities maintain a record60 82 74 71 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Uruguay are permitted to possess any number of firearms77

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Uruguay are permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition77

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Uruguay, the law requires60 82 71 83 84 47 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Uruguay, licensed firearm dealers are required85 86 87 88 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Uruguay, licensed gun makers are required39 37 40 41 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Uruguay, State agencies are required65 89 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Uruguay, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited unless registered in the National Firearm Register83 and conducted by the Material and Weapons Service84 90

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Uruguay, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful87 91 92 74 93 84 39 88 75 76 58

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Background Checks for Private Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Uruguay is obliged59 72 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Background Checks for Dealer Gun Sales

The buyer of a firearm from a licensed gun dealer in Uruguay is obliged59 72 to pass official background checks before taking possession

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Uruguay, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined77

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Uruguay, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated77 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Uruguay include74 94 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Uruguay include95 93 74 37 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Uruguay include65 96 97 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Uruguay include93 98 87 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Marking

In Uruguay, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law99 100 101 102 103 104 40 54 105

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Firearm Tracing

In Uruguay, state authorities carry out106 101 107 47 108 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Record of Firearms and Ammunition

In Uruguay, the ballistic characteristics of each civilian firearm and its ammunition are not77 recorded in a register

Carrying Guns

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Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law109 81 110 98 111

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited98

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Uruguay, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is prohibited98

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Gun Free Zones

In Uruguay, private guns are prohibited in electoral events, meetings, protests, indoor or outdoor games or entertainment events, cabaret, nightclubs, wineries, public dances, or where special provisions prohibit it111 66

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Uruguay, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm112 is six years in prison113 114 115 9 70 116 117 118 119 69

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Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in Uruguay are known to have12 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

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Firearms Surrendered and Seized

ChartIn Uruguay, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be

2015: 200120
2013: 2,640121

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Small Arms Destroyed

ChartIn Uruguay, the number of firearms destroyed following amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be

2015: 3,000122
2009: 2,352123 124
2008: 9,766123
2007: 7,857123 13
2006: 2,103123 12 13
2005: 1,512123 12
2004: 2,564
2003: 3,203
2002: 1,611
2001: 1,346
2000: 1,837
1999: 2,930
1998: 2,592

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Uruguay, it is state policy125 126 124 127 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

Organization of American States

On 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Uruguay adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified128 129 by Uruguay

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Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was not signed130 by Uruguay.

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United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

The United Nations Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified131 by Uruguay

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified132 by Uruguay

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Uruguay committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects133

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UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Uruguay against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 71134 135 136 137 among 159 Member States

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Uruguay has submitted one or more national reports138 108 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Uruguay, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated139 108

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UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Uruguay, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated108

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Uruguay submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent108

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated108 by Uruguay to other UN Member States

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United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Uruguay has not declared140 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Uruguay has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945141

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list142 Uruguay as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in Uruguay, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Uruguay ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

1.

Karp, Aaron.2012.‘Estimated Civilian Gun Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8972)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Uruguay.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5315)Full Citation

3.

Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Estimated Total Small Arms, Firearms, and Surpluses in Uruguay, Rounded.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5316)Full Citation

4.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

5.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

6.

Fernandez, Gustavo.2010.‘Licences to Possess and to Carry (Licencias para Tenencia y Portación).’ Plurinational Meeting: Transfer and Illicit trafficking in Firearms: Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile.New York, NY:Fundación Arias para la Paz y el Progreso Humano (ARIAS) y el Centro de Estudios Judiciales,4 October. (Q11400)Full Citation

7.

GunPolicy.org.2016.‘Calculated Rates - Uruguay.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,23 May. (Q4294)Full Citation

8.

La Prensa (USA), EFE News Agency. 2015. ‘75 Pct. of Guns Used in Crime in Uruguay Are Legal.’ 12 October. (N390) Full Citation

9.

Diario UNO de Entre Rios (Argentina). 2014. ‘Uno De Cada Seis Uruguayos Tiene Un Arma En Su Casa.’ 11 March. (N322) Full Citation

10.

OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Legally Registered Civilian Firearms.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9208)Full Citation

11.

OAS Observatory on Citizen Security.2011.‘Civilian Firearms Legally Registered.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5679)Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Country Summaries - Uruguay.’ Surplus Arms in South America: A Survey.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva,1 August. (Q5317)Full Citation

13.

Guidobono, Gustavo, Martín Fernández and Luis Pedernera.2010.‘Uruguay Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Uruguay).’ Uruguay Basic Diagnostic (Diagnóstico Básico de Uruguay).Lima:Coalición Latinoamericana para la Prevención de la Violencia Armada (CLAVE),4 July. (Q11903)Full Citation

14.

Karp, Aaron.2012.‘State Firearms Ownership.’ Measurement and Use of Statistical Data to Analyze Small Arms in the Caribbean and Latin America.Mexico City:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Center of Excellence, National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI),28 April. (Q8973)Full Citation

15.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation

16.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q7)Full Citation

17.

Waiselfiz, Julio Jacobo.2015.‘Number and Rate of Gun Deaths in 90 Countries (Número e taxas de mortalidade por AF segundo causa básica em 90 países do mundo).’ Violence Map: Deaths by Firearms (Mapa da Violência: Mortes Matadas por Armas de Fogo).Brasilia:Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales / Latin American Social Sciences Institute,1 January. (Q11896)Full Citation

18.

Fleitas, Diego Manuel, Germán Lodola and Hernán Flom.2014.‘Country Profiles on Crime and Violence: Uruguay.’ Crime and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Regional Country Profiles.Buenos Aires:Asociación para Políticas Públicas (APP) and Action on Armed Violence,1 January. (Q11457)Full Citation

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UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Uruguay.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6328)Full Citation

20.

Jackson, Thomas.2005.‘Global Gun Deaths.’ NISAT Firearm Mortality Database 2005.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 January. (Q12)Full Citation

21.

Igarapé Institute.2015.‘Homicides and Homicide Rates 2000 to 2014 - Uruguay.’ Homicide Monitor 2015.Rio de Janeiro:Igarapé Institute,24 June. (Q11127)Full Citation

22.

UNODC.2014.‘Homicides and Gun Homicides in Uruguay.’ Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),10 April. (Q10246)Full Citation

23.

OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide 2000-2011.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9209)Full Citation

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OAS Observatory on Citizen Security.2011.‘Intentional Homicide.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5678)Full Citation

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UNODC.2004.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998-2000).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,19 March. (Q91)Full Citation

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OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Intentional Homicide Committed by Firearms 2000-2010.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9210)Full Citation

27.

UNODC.2006.‘Reported Overall Homicide Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population for 64 Countries, 2003-04.’ Ninth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2003 - 2004).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,10 December. (Q9)Full Citation

28.

UNODC.2005.‘Recorded Homicide and Firearm Homicide in 53 Countries, Completed or Attempted.’ Eighth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2001-2002).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,15 April. (Q1077)Full Citation

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OAS Observatory on Citizen Security.2011.‘Suicide.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2011.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 January. (Q5680)Full Citation

30.

OAS Hemispheric Citizen Security Observatory.2012.‘Suicide 2000-2009.’ Report on Citizen Security in the Americas 2012.Washington, DC:Organisation of American States,1 July. (Q9206)Full Citation

31.

GunPolicy.org.2015.‘Calculated Rates - Ukraine.’ Historical Population Data - USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,18 June. (Q4295)Full Citation

32.

Uruguay.1995.‘Approval of the Regulations.’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10038)Full Citation

33.

Uruguay.1995.‘Authorisation to Manufacture Firearms (Autorización para la fabricación de armas de fuego).’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10035)Full Citation

34.

Uruguay.1995.‘Competent Authority (Autoridad competente).’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10039)Full Citation

35.

Uruguay.1995.‘Requirements for Firearm Manufacture (Requisitos para la fabricación de armas de fuego).’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10036)Full Citation

36.

Uruguay.1995.‘Prerequisites for the Manufacture of Firearms (Condición indispensable para la fabricación de armas de fuego).’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10037)Full Citation

37.

Uruguay.1995.‘Storage Requirements (Requisitos de almacenamiento).’ Decree 195/995, Regulation on Firearm Manufacture (Decreto 195/1995, Reglamento sobre la fabricación de armas de fuego).Montevideo:President of the Republic of Uruguay,30 May. (Q10040)Full Citation

38.

Uruguay.1943.‘Manufacturing Aggressive Chemicals and Gases (Fabricación de químicos y gases agresivos).’ Decree-Law No. 10.415, on Gases and Explosives (Decreto-Ley 10.415 sobre Gases y Explosivos).Montevideo:Republic of Uruguay,13 February. (Q10012)Full Citation

39.

Uruguay.1943.‘Unrestricted Firearms - Gun Dealers and Manufacturers (Armas de libre comercio - casas vendedoras y fábricas de armas).’ Decree 2.605/943, Regulation on Explosives and Arms (Decreto 2.605/943, Reglamento de explosivos y armas).Montevideo:Republic of Uruguay,7 October. (Q9988)Full Citation

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Uruguay.2016.‘Manufacture (Fabricación).’ National Report of Uruguay on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York NY:Permanent Mission of Uruguay to the United Nations,1 January. (Q12423)Full Citation

41.

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