Find Gun Policy Facts

Armed violence prevention, gun control laws and the small arms trade:

This Page is No
Longer Updated

More recent armed violence data and policy changes from this region will be published if resources become available

Switch Language

Go To ..

Mali — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

expand all collapse all

StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

Compare
Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in Mali is 143,0001

Compare
Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) in Mali is 1.11 firearms per 100 people

Compare
Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Mali ranked at No. 1272

Compare
Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Mali ranked at No. 1491

Compare
Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Mali there are estimated to be 5,5003

Government Guns

Compare
Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Mali are reported to have 13,8704 firearms

Compare
Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Mali are reported to have 17,8825 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

Compare
Homicides (any method)

In Mali, annual homicides by any means total 2008: 1,1576

Compare
Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Mali, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2008: 8.06
2004: 18.007
2002: 12.70
1998: 0.71

ProductionGun Industry

Compare
Regulation of Firearm Makers

In Mali, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence, but is not conducted in practice8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Compare
Home-made Guns

In Mali the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be moderate9

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

Compare
Regulation of Firearm Exports

In Mali, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law21 8 22

Compare
Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Mali is reported by Customs to be US$337,31623 (2011)

Compare
Regulation of Firearm Imports

In Mali, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law21 24 25 26 27 10 28 29 30 12 31 32 33 13 34 35

Compare
Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Mali is reported by Customs to be US$6,789,58623 (2011)

Compare
Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Mali is moderate3

Compare
Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Mali, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not specifically regulated by law22 36

MeasuresGun Regulation

Compare
Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Mali is categorised as restrictive37

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Mali includes the Law No. 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Governing Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali, the Decree No 08-681/P-RM of November 11, 2008, Governing the Composition, Functions, Organisation and Functioning of the National Commission for the Fight Against the Proliferation of Small Arms, the Decree No. 05 441/P RM of October 13, 2005, and the Law No 01-075 of July 18, 2001 (Customs Code)38 9 21 26

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Mali are regulated by the Minister of Internal Security, under the cover of the State Representative,27 the Governor of the Region or District of Bamako under the cover of State Representative,28 the representative of the department in charge of urban planning16 39

Compare
Right to Possess Firearms

In Mali, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law40 41 42 43

Compare
Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In Mali, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war39 44

Compare
Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In Mali, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited39 44

Compare
Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Mali, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is prohibited39 44

Compare
Regulation of Handguns

In Mali, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence39 44

Compare
Gun Ownership and Possession

In Mali, only licensed gun owners28 29 30 31 32 45 46 47 39 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Compare
Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Mali are required to prove genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example demonstrating a need for protection46

Compare
Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Mali is 18 years old48

Compare
Gun Licence Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Mali must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental, and addiction48 35 47 records

Compare
Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Mali, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required41 42 43

Compare
Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Mali does not stipulate41 42 43 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

Compare
Firearm Safety Training

In Mali, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required41 42 43 for a firearm licence

Compare
Licensing Records

In Mali, authorities maintain a record49 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Compare
Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Mali are permitted to possess any number of firearms41 42 43

Compare
Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in Mali are permitted to possess a limited quantity of smoothbore and rifled ammunition fixed by the Minister in charge of Internal Security50

Firearm Registration

Compare
Civilian Gun Registration

In Mali, the law requires49 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

Compare
Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Mali, licensed firearm dealers are required51 52 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

Compare
Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Mali, licensed gun makers are required51 52 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

Compare
State-Owned Firearm Records

In Mali, State agencies are not required53 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

Compare
Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Mali, the private sale and transfer of firearms is permitted33 45 31 32 54 55

Compare
Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Mali, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful27 11 15 16 18 19 20 56 57

Compare
Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Mali, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined41 42 43

Compare
Regulation of Gun Shows

In Mali, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated41 42 43 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Mali do not include41 42 43 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Mali include16 56 57 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Mali do not include53 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

Compare
Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Mali do not include41 42 43 36 22 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

Compare
Firearm Marking

In Mali, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law58 59 17

Compare
Firearm Tracing

In Mali, state authorities do not carry out41 42 43 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

Compare
Ballistic Marking of Firearms and Ammunition

In Mali, state authorities do not employ41 42 43 ballistic fingerprinting technology to trace guns and ammunition

Carrying Guns

Compare
Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Mali, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit28 29 30 46

Compare
Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Mali, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit28 29 30 46

Compare
Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Mali, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm60 is 5 years prison and a fine61

Compare
Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in Mali are known to have62 63 64 65 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

Compare
Surrendered in Gun Amnesty

In Mali, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 2,70066 (1995), 85065 (2000-2001), 1,00064 (2004), 81963 (2008) and 2,32662 (2010)

Compare
Exchanged in Gun Buyback

In Mali, the total number of firearms exchanged for monetary or in-kind compensation during recent gun buyback and disposal programmes is reported to be 1,00064

Compare
Small Arms Destroyed

In Mali, the total number of firearms destroyed following recent amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 3,00067 (1996), 85065 (2000-2001), 1,00064 (2004), 81963 (2008) and 2,32662 (2010)

Compare
Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Mali, it is state policy63 64 65 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

African Union

In June 2006, as a member of the African Union, Mali adopted an African Common Position to take to the Conference to Review the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA), held in June 200668

Economic Community of West African States

In June 2006, as a member of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Mali adopted the ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition and other Related Materials. This stipulates strict controls on the transfer, manufacture, possession and security of small arms and light weapons69 70

Compare
Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 200671 by Mali.

Compare
United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

The United Nations Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified72 by Mali

Compare
United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified73 by Mali

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Mali committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects74

Compare
UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored Mali against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 1775 76 77 78 among 159 Member States

Compare
UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Mali has submitted one or more national reports79 80 on its implementation of the UNPoA

Compare
UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Mali, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated81 80

Compare
UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Mali, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated81

Compare
UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Mali submitted to the UN, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities is apparent81 80

Compare
UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated80 by Mali to other UN Member States

Compare
UNPoA International Assistance – Recipient

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been provided80 to Mali by other UN Member States

United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Mali has not declared82 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Mali has been a Member State of the United Nations since 196083

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list84 Mali as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Link
Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in Mali, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Link
Global Peace Index

To see where Mali ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index

Short References

1.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

3.

IRIN (UN News). 2008. ‘Mali: Gun Running Worsening.’ 10 July. (N240) Full Citation

4.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation

5.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q7)Full Citation

6.

UNODC.2013.‘Homicide in 207 Countries - Mali.’ Global Study on Homicide 2011: Trends, Context, Data.Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,26 June. (Q6377)Full Citation

7.

Petrini, Benjamin.2011.‘Sub-Saharan Africa, 1995-2008, Total Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed, Rate per 100,000 Population.’ World Bank Homicide Rate Dataset 1995-2008.Washington DC:Social Development Department, World Bank,10 February. (Q3812)Full Citation

8.

Mali.2010.‘Manufacture (Fabrication).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3954)Full Citation

9.

Mali.2010.‘Home-made Manufacture (Fabrication Artisanale).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3956)Full Citation

10.

Mali.2004.‘Article 9.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4436)Full Citation

11.

Mali.2004.‘Article 11.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4439)Full Citation

12.

Mali.2004.‘Article 18.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4444)Full Citation

13.

Mali.2004.‘Article 33.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4452)Full Citation

14.

Mali.2004.‘Article 35.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4453)Full Citation

15.

Mali.2005.‘Article 3 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4458)Full Citation

16.

Mali.2005.‘Article 5 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4459)Full Citation

17.

Mali.2005.‘Article 7 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4460)Full Citation

18.

Mali.2005.‘Article 8 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4461)Full Citation

19.

Mali.2005.‘Article 9 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4462)Full Citation

20.

Mali.2005.‘Article 10 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4463)Full Citation

21.

Mali.2003.‘Legislation – Regulation – Administrative Procedures (La Législation – Réglementations – Procédures Administrative).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,24 June. (Q3959)Full Citation

22.

Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Comparison of the Main Regulatory Aspects Examined – Mali.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q5236)Full Citation

23.

Marsh, Nicholas.2013.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,14 February. (Q16)Full Citation

24.

Mali.2003.‘Import.’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,24 June. (Q3960)Full Citation

25.

Mali.2003.‘Illegal Import.’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,24 June. (Q3961)Full Citation

26.

Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Comparison of the Main Regulatory Aspects Examined – Mali.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q4011)Full Citation

27.

Mali.2004.‘Article 8.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4435)Full Citation

28.

Mali.2004.‘Article 12.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4440)Full Citation

29.

Mali.2004.‘Article 13.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4441)Full Citation

30.

Mali.2004.‘Article 16.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4442)Full Citation

31.

Mali.2004.‘Article 19.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4445)Full Citation

32.

Mali.2004.‘Article 21.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4446)Full Citation

33.

Mali.2004.‘Article 25.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4448)Full Citation

34.

Mali.2005.‘Article 12 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4464)Full Citation

35.

Mali.2005.‘Article 19 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4468)Full Citation

36.

Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Transactions and Activities Covered – Imports, Exports, Transit and Brokering.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q5013)Full Citation

37.

Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A staff report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

38.

Mali.2010.‘Law (Loi).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3952)Full Citation

39.

Mali.2005.‘Article 25 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4471)Full Citation

40.

Sherman, Amy and Tom Ginsburg.2014.‘Gun Rights in National Constitutions.’ Marco Rubio Says Second Amendment Is Unique in Speech to NRA.Miami FL:Miami Herald (PolitiFact Florida),29 April. (Q8507)Full Citation

41.

Mali.2004.‘Article 2.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4434)Full Citation

42.

Mali.2005.‘Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005 (Décret No 05-441/P-RM du 13 Octobre 2005).’ Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4457)Full Citation

43.

Mali.2008.‘Decree No 08-681/P-RM of November 11, 2008, Laying Down the Remit, Composition, Organization and Methods of Operation of the National Commission Combating Proliferation of Small Arms.’ Décret No 08-681/P-RM du 11 Novembre 2008 Fixant les Attributions, la Composition, l'Organisation et les Modalités de Fonctionnement de la Commission Nationale de Lutte Contre la Prolifération des Armes Légères.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,11 November. (Q4474)Full Citation

44.

Mali.2004.‘Article 3.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4438)Full Citation

45.

Mali.2004.‘Article 27.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4449)Full Citation

46.

Mali.2005.‘Articles 22 and 23 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4469)Full Citation

47.

Mali.2005.‘Article 24 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4470)Full Citation

48.

Mali.2004.‘Article 32.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4451)Full Citation

49.

Mali.2005.‘Articles 32 and 33 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4472)Full Citation

50.

Mali.2004.‘Article 17.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4443)Full Citation

51.

Mali.2004.‘Article 37.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4454)Full Citation

52.

Mali.2005.‘Articles 17 and 18 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4467)Full Citation

53.

Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Analysis of National Arms Transfer Control Systems – Arms Categories Covered.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q5012)Full Citation

54.

Mali.2004.‘Article 22.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4447)Full Citation

55.

Mali.2004.‘Article 30.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4450)Full Citation

56.

Mali.2005.‘Article 13 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4465)Full Citation

57.

Mali.2005.‘Article 14 – Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali.’ Decree No 05-441/P-RM of October 13, 2005, for the Implementation of the Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,13 October. (Q4466)Full Citation

58.

Mali.2004.‘Article 10.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali.Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4437)Full Citation

59.

Mali.2010.‘Marking (Marquage).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3955)Full Citation

60.
61.

Mali.2004.‘Article 43.’ Act No 04-050 of November 12, 2004, Regulating Arms and Ammunition in the Republic of Mali (Loi No 04-050 du 12 novembre 2004, Régissant les Armes et Munitions en République du Mali).Bamako:Office of the President of the Republic of Mali,12 November. (Q4455)Full Citation

62.

Mali.2010.‘Collection and Disposal (Collecte et Elimination).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,1 January. (Q3953)Full Citation

63.

Mali.2008.‘Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms.’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,8 April. (Q3957)Full Citation

64.

Mali.2005.‘At the Internal Level (Au plan de l'Interne).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,13 January. (Q3958)Full Citation

65.

Mali.2003.‘Collect and Disposal of Small Arms (La Collecte et l'Elimination des Armes Légères).’ National Report of Mali on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Mali to the United Nations,24 June. (Q3962)Full Citation

66.

Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Summary of Disarmament Outcomes in 45 DDR Programmes.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,9 July. (Q2941)Full Citation

67.

Mufor Atanga, Lucien.2003.‘Practical Disarmament in Africa – Mali.’ Tackling Small Arms in Central Africa.Bonn:Bonn International Center for Conversion / BICC,1 January. (Q5351)Full Citation

68.

African Union / UNODA.2005.‘Windhoek Common Position.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York:African Union / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 December. (Q3216)Full Citation

69.

ECOWAS / UNODA.2006.‘Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition and other Related Materials.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York:Economic Community of West African States Secretariat / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,14 June. (Q3219)Full Citation

70.

Moreau, Virginie, Cédric Poitevin and Jihan Seniora.2010.‘Analysis of National Arms Transfer Control Systems – Outmoded and Incomplete Regulation.’ Arms Transfer Controls: The Example of French-Speaking States in Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Groupe de Recherche et d'Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité (GRIP),1 May. (Q5011)Full Citation

71.

GDAV.2006.‘Geneva Declaration.’ Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.Geneva:Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development Secretariat,7 June. (Q7162)Full Citation

72.

UNODA.2013.‘Towards Entry Into Force.’ Arms Trade Treaty.New York NY:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,2 April. (Q7226)Full Citation

73.

UNGA.2001.‘United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.’ UN General Assembly Resolution 55/255.New York:UN General Assembly,31 May. (Q17)Full Citation

74.

UNGA.2001.‘Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.’ United Nations General Assembly.New York:UN General Assembly,20 July. (Q18)Full Citation

75.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Findings - Table 3: Reporting States by Rank and Score.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q8752)Full Citation

76.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘What do the PoAIM Scores Represent? How Should the PoAIM Scores Be Interpreted?.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q8753)Full Citation

77.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Point Allocation System.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q8754)Full Citation

78.

Parker, Sarah and Katherine Green.2012.‘Introduction.’ The Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (Phase 1): Assessing Reported Progress.Geneva:Small Arms Survey, the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies,1 August. (Q8755)Full Citation

79.

Cattaneo, Silvia and Sarah Parker.2008.‘Reporting, NPCs and NCAs, 2002 to 2008.’ Implementing the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons: Analysis of the National Reports submitted by States from 2002 to 2008.Geneva:United Nations Development Programme,1 November. (Q20)Full Citation

80.

UNODA.2009.‘PoA-ISS Country Profiles.’ UN small arms Programme of Action (UNPoA) – Implementation Support System.New York:United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs,29 October. (Q1309)Full Citation

81.

IANSA.2006.‘Reviewing Action on Small Arms 2006: Assessing the first five years of the UN Programme of Action.’ Biting the Bullet 'Red Book' 2006.New York:International Action Network on Small Arms and the Biting the Bullet project,26 June. (Q166)Full Citation

82.

UNODA.2011.‘National Reports on Small Arms Exports.’ United Nations Register of Conventional Arms - The Global Reported Arms Trade.New York:United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 October. (Q14)Full Citation

83.

UN.2013.‘Member States of the United Nations.’ UN.org Web Site.New York:United Nations General Assembly,7 April. (Q290)Full Citation

84.

Wassenaar Arrangement.1996.‘Introduction: Participating States.’ Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.Vienna:Wassenaar Secretariat,12 July. (Q19)Full Citation