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Kenya — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

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StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns held by civilians in Kenya is 40,0001

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Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The rate of private gun ownership in Kenya is 6.42 firearms per 100 people

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Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Kenya ranked at No. 611

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Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 179 countries, Kenya ranked at No. 862

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Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

The number of licensed gun owners in Kenya is reported to be 5,0003

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Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

The rate of licensed firearm owners in Kenya is 0.024 per 100 people

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Number of Registered Firearms

The number of registered guns in Kenya is reported to be 6,4815

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Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

The rate of registered firearms per 100 people in Kenya is 0.024

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Number of Privately Owned Rifles

In Kenya, the number of rifles in civilian possession is reported to be 1,1075

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Number of Privately Owned Shotguns

In Kenya, the number of shotguns in civilian possession is reported to be 2,2005

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Number of Privately Owned Handguns

There are reportedly 1,8725 handguns in civilian possession in Kenya

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Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Kenya there are estimated to be 50,0006 to 130,00078

Government Guns

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Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Kenya are reported to have 45,8289 firearms

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Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in Kenya are reported to have 42,00010 firearms

ImpactsGun Death and Injury

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Number of Homicides (any method)

ChartIn Kenya, annual homicides by any means total

2010: 1,80011
2009: 1,864
2006: 2,09012
2005: 2,313

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Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Kenya, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2010: 4.414
2009: 4.69
2008: 3.5113
2007: 3.32
2006: 5.7212
2005: 6.50

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Number of Suicides (any method)

ChartIn Kenya, annual suicides by any means total

2010: 16214
2009: 265

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Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Kenya, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2010: 0.404
2009: 0.67

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Number of Non-fatal Gun Injuries

ChartIn Kenya, the reported, or estimated annual number of non-fatal firearm injuries is

2006: 12015
1994-99: 22516

ProductionGun Industry

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Firearm Manufacture

In Kenya, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence to manufacture on behalf of the Kenyan Government17 18 19 20 21

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

Export Control

In Kenya, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law 22 23 24

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Small Arms Exports (US$)

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Kenya is reported to be US$242,33825 (2009)

Import Control

In Kenya, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law 22 26 23 27

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Small Arms Imports (US$)

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Kenya is reported to be US$4,350,31125 (2009)

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Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Kenya is moderate28 29

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Market Cost of an AK-47 Assault Rifle (US$)

The asking price for an AK-47 pattern assault weapon in Kenya is reported to be US$15030

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Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Kenya, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are not yet specifically regulated by law31

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End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Kenya does not yet include32 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

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Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Kenya is categorised as restrictive33

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Kenya is the Firearms Act, 195434

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Kenya are regulated by the chief licensing officer, appointed by the Commissioner of Police35

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Right to Possess Firearms

In Kenya, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law36

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Prohibited Firearms and Ammunition

In Kenya, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic and semi-automatic self-loading military assault rifles of 7.62mm or 5.56mm calibre, or of any other calibre from time to time specified by the Minister37 38 39 27 24

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Regulation of Automatic Assault Weapons

In Kenya, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited37 38

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Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Kenya, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is prohibited37 38

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Regulation of Handguns

In Kenya, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is permitted under licence37 38

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Gun Owner Licensing

In Kenya, only licensed gun owners40 41 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Licence

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Kenya are required to prove genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example, personal protection41 42 43

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Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Kenya is 12 years for miniature rifles and up to 20 gauge shotguns, and 14 years for other permitted firearms44

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Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Kenya must pass background checks which consider criminal, mental, and domestic violence41 45 46 43 records

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Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Kenya, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required36

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Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Kenya stipulates46 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

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Firearm Safety Training

In Kenya, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required36 for a firearm licence

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Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Kenya gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every 1 year from the date when it was granted or last renewed41

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Licensing Records

In Kenya, authorities maintain a record47 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

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Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Kenya are permitted to possess any number of firearms36

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Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

A licensed firearm owner in Kenya is permitted to possess any quantity of ammunition36

Firearm Registration

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Civilian Gun Registration

In Kenya, the law requires47 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

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Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In Kenya, licensed firearm dealers are required48 49 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

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Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In Kenya, licensed gun makers are required50 17 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

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State-Owned Firearm Records

In Kenya, State agencies are required50 51 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

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Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Kenya, the private sale and transfer of firearms is permitted52

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Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Kenya, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful53 54 49

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Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Kenya, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined36

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Regulation of Gun Shows

In Kenya, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated36 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Kenya include55 56 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Kenya include55 57 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

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Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Kenya include58 51 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

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Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Kenya include59 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

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Firearm Marking

In Kenya, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law60 61 62 63

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Firearm Tracing

In Kenya, state authorities carry out62 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

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Ballistic Marking of Firearms and Ammunition

In Kenya, state authorities employ64 ballistic fingerprinting technology to trace guns and ammunition

Carrying Guns

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Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Kenya, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is prohibited65 56

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Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Kenya, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is prohibited65 56

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Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Kenya, the maximum penalty for illicit possession of firearms is 15 years prison for prohibited firearms, and 10 years for non-prohibited firearms40

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Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in Kenya are known to have66 67 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

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Surrendered in Gun Amnesty

In Kenya, the number of firearms and/or rounds of ammunition voluntarily surrendered for destruction in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 2,22668 (2010)

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Exchanged in Gun Buyback

In Kenya, the total number of firearms exchanged for monetary or in-kind compensation during recent gun buyback and disposal programmes is reported to be 1969 (2008)

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Small Arms Destroyed

In Kenya, the total number of firearms destroyed following recent amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 20,13666 70 (2003-2008), 2,49867 (2009) and 2,5456871 (2010)

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Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Kenya, it is state policy72 73 74 67 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

African Union

In June 2006, as a member of the African Union, Kenya adopted an African Common Position to take to the Conference to Review the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA), held in June 200675

Regional Centre on Small Arms

In March 2000, as a member of the Regional Centre on Small Arms (RECSA), Kenya adopted the Nairobi Declaration on the Problem of Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region and the Horn of Africa, then on 21 April 2004 adopted the Nairobi Protocol for the Prevention, Control and Reduction of Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region, the Horn of Africa and Bordering States, a legally-binding multilateral protocol of which the RECSA is depository. The Nairobi Protocol has since been signed, and ratified76 77 by Kenya

United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

At the resumption of the most recent session of the UN Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (UNCCPCJ), a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council mandated to promote action to prevent national and transnational crime, Kenya was listed as an elected member for a three-year term of office78

United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

In 2009, Kenya voted to begin79 negotiations towards a legally binding Arms Trade Treaty. In this vote, 151 UN Member States supported talks on an ATT, with 1 voting against, 20 abstentions, and 20 non-votes

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United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified80 by Kenya

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Kenya committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects81

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UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Kenya has submitted one or more national reports82 83 on its implementation of the UNPoA

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UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Kenya, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated84 83

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UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Kenya, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated84 83

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UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Kenya submitted to the UN, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities is apparent84 83 85 86

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UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated83 by Kenya to other UN Member States

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UNPoA International Assistance – Recipient

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been provided83 to Kenya by other UN Member States

United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Kenya has not declared1 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Kenya has been a Member State of the United Nations since 196387

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list88 Kenya as a Participating State
Last Updated on 29 January 2012

Short References

1.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q4)Full Citation

2.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

3.

Institute for Security Studies.2002.‘Firearms and Crime in Kenya.’ FOCUS, Sept 2002.Pretoria:Arms Management Programme, Institute for Security Studies / ISS,1 September. (Q5215)Full Citation

4.

GunPolicy.org.2011.‘Calculated Rates – Kenya.’ Historical Population Data – USCB International Data Base.Suitland, MD:US Census Bureau Population Division,17 March. (Q4251)Full Citation

5.

United Nations.1999.‘Analysis of Country Responses.’ United Nations International Study on Firearm Regulation.Vienna:UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division,30 August. (Q1)Full Citation

6.

IRIN (UN News). 2010. ‘Your Guns Or Your Freedom, Please.’ 7 May. (N238) Full Citation

7.

Joe Kiarie and Kenfrey Kiberenge. 2009. ‘A Nation on a Timebomb.’ Standard (Nairobi). 1 November. (N235) Full Citation

8.

David Macharia. 2008. ‘Laikipia Violence Linked to Illegal Arms.’ Daily Nation (Nairobi). 31 March. (N233) Full Citation

9.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q6)Full Citation

10.

Karp, Aaron.2006.‘Trickle and Torrent: State stockpiles.’ Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1 July. (Q7)Full Citation

11.

Kenya.2011.‘Comparative Figures for the Months of Jan-October 09/10.’ Kenya Police Annual Crime Report for the Year 2010.Nairobi:Kenya Police Department,1 January. (Q4522)Full Citation

12.

UNODC.2008.‘Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed.’ Tenth United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2005-2006).Vienna:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,10 December. (Q10)Full Citation

13.

Petrini, Benjamin.2011.‘Sub-Saharan Africa, 1995-2008, Total Recorded Intentional Homicide, Completed, Rate per 100,000 Population.’ World Bank Homicide Rate Dataset 1995-2008.Washington DC:Social Development Department, World Bank,10 February. (Q3812)Full Citation

14.

Kenya.2011.‘Homicide and Suicide.’ Kenya Police Annual Crime Report for the Year 2010.Nairobi:Kenya Police Department,1 January. (Q4523)Full Citation

15.

Hugenberg, Florian, Walter Odhiambo Anjango, Angela Mwita and Dedan Opondo.2007.‘Results.’ Firearm Injuries in Nairobi, Kenya: Who pays the price?.Boston:Journal of Public Health Policy,1 January. (Q5220)Full Citation

16.

Hugenberg, Florian, Walter Odhiambo Anjango, Angela Mwita and Dedan Opondo.2007.‘Discussion.’ Firearm Injuries in Nairobi, Kenya: Who pays the price?.Boston:Journal of Public Health Policy,1 January. (Q5221)Full Citation

17.

Kenya.1954.‘Prohibition of Manufacture of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2217)Full Citation

18.

Kenya.2010.‘Legislation, Regulations and Administrative Procedures.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2295)Full Citation

19.

Kenya.2006.‘Production.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,26 June. (Q2305)Full Citation

20.

Kenya.2005.‘Production and Transfers.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,5 July. (Q2306)Full Citation

21.

AEFJN.2010.‘Other African Countries with Weapons Manufacturing Capacity.’ Arms Exports and Transfers: From Sub-Saharan Africa to Sub-Saharan Africa.Brussels:Africa Europe Faith and Justice Network (AEFJN),1 December. (Q5107)Full Citation

22.

Kenya.1954.‘Importation and Exportation of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2224)Full Citation

23.

Kenya.1954.‘Firearms and Ammunition in Transit Through Kenya.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2227)Full Citation

24.

Kenya.1978.‘Prohibited and Restricted Exports.’ Customs and Excise Act, Chapter 472.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,13 October. (Q5233)Full Citation

25.

Marsh, Nicholas.2011.‘Database of Authorised Transfers of Small Arms and Light Weapons.’ NISAT Small Arms Trade Database.Oslo:Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers,1 June. (Q16)Full Citation

26.

Kenya.1954.‘Places of Importation of Firearms or Ammunition and Removal Therefrom.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2225)Full Citation

27.

Kenya.1978.‘Prohibited and Restricted Imports.’ Customs and Excise Act, Chapter 472.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,13 October. (Q5232)Full Citation

28.

Kenya.2010.‘Introduction.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q4329)Full Citation

29.

Farah, Ibrahim, Aisha Ahmad and Daud Omar.2006.‘Modes of Transfer.’ Controlling Small Arms in the Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes Region: Supporting Implementation of the Nairobi Declaration.Waterloo ON:Africa Peace Forum / Project Ploughshares,1 January. (Q5217)Full Citation

30.

World Bank.2007.‘Available Kalashnikov Prices for Specific Countries and Periods.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q3)Full Citation

31.

Kenya.2011.‘Brokerage.’ National Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons of the Republic of Kenya.Nairobi:Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security,1 January. (Q4335)Full Citation

32.

Kenya.2011.‘End User Certificate.’ National Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons of the Republic of Kenya.Nairobi:Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security,1 January. (Q4334)Full Citation

33.

Newton, George D and Franklin E Zimring.1969.‘Firearm Licensing: Permissive v Restrictive.’ Firearms & Violence in American Life: A Staff Report submitted to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence.Washington, DC:US Government Printing Office,1 January. (Q22)Full Citation

34.

Kenya.1954.‘Preliminary, Short Title and Interpretation.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q5397)Full Citation

35.

Kenya.1954.‘Appointment of Licensing Officer.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2235)Full Citation

36.

Kenya.1954.‘Preliminary, Short Title and Interpretation.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2213)Full Citation

37.

Kenya.1954.‘Special Provisions Relating to Certain Types of Weapons and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2223)Full Citation

38.

Kenya.1954.‘Interpretation.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2234)Full Citation

39.

Kenya.1978.‘Prohibited and Restricted Goods.’ Customs and Excise Act, Chapter 472.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,13 October. (Q5231)Full Citation

40.

Kenya.1954.‘Penalty for Purchasing, etc., Firearms or Ammunition Without Firearm Certificate.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2214)Full Citation

41.

Kenya.1954.‘Grant, etc., of Firearm Certificate..’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2215)Full Citation

42.

Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5396)Full Citation

43.

Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5422)Full Citation

44.

Kenya.1954.‘Restrictions on Possession of Firearms and Ammunition by Young Persons.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2228)Full Citation

45.

Kenya.1954.‘Convicted Persons not to Possess Firearms or Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2229)Full Citation

46.

Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5384)Full Citation

47.

Kenya.2010.‘Implementation of the International Tracing Instrument.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2303)Full Citation

48.

Kenya.1954.‘Register of Transaction in Firearm and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2221)Full Citation

49.

Kenya.1954.‘Rules under Section 45.’ Subsidiary Legislation: The Firearms Rules.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q5234)Full Citation

50.

Kenya.2011.‘Stockpile Management.’ National Policy on Small Arms and Light Weapons of the Republic of Kenya.Nairobi:Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security,1 January. (Q4336)Full Citation

51.

Kenya.2010.‘State-Owned SALW.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2298)Full Citation

52.

Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5392)Full Citation

53.

Kenya.1954.‘Penalty for Dealing in Firearms Without Being Registered.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2219)Full Citation

54.

Kenya.1954.‘Registration of Firearms Dealers.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2220)Full Citation

55.

Kenya.1954.‘Storage and Safe Custody of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2222)Full Citation

56.

Parker, Sarah.2011.‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearm Possession.’ Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,6 July. (Q5441)Full Citation

57.

Kenya.1954.‘Power to Inspect Premises.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2232)Full Citation

58.

Kenya.2010.‘Management of Legitimate Stockpile.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2296)Full Citation

59.

Kenya.1954.‘Removal and Transportation of Firearms and Ammunition by Young Persons.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2226)Full Citation

60.

Kenya.1954.‘Power to Refuse Firearm Certificate or Permit Unless Firearm or Ammunition Produced.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2216)Full Citation

61.

Kenya.1954.‘Concealment of Serial Number.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2218)Full Citation

62.

Kenya.2010.‘Implementation of the International Tracing Instrument.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2304)Full Citation

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Victor Karega. 2010. ‘Centre to Procure Software.’ Citizen (Dar es Salaam). 3 July. (N221) Full Citation

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Karp, Aaron.2009.‘Government Seizure and Destruction Information for 49 Countries.’ Small Arms Survey 2009: Shadows of War.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,9 July. (Q2940)Full Citation

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Catherine Tiungu. 2006. ‘Ethiopia Burns 7,000 Guns as Region Fights Illegal Small Arms.’ East African (Nairobi). 27 November. (N232) Full Citation

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Peter Wanyonyi. 2010. ‘Kenya: Fix Security And Nobody Will Bother Buying Guns Illegally.’ Daily Nation (Nairobi). 6 April. (N239) Full Citation

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Kenya.1954.‘Disposal of Firearms, etc..’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2231)Full Citation

73.

Kenya.1954.‘Search Warrants and Disposal of Firearms and Ammunition.’ Firearms Act, Chapter 114.Nairobi:Republic of Kenya,1 January. (Q2230)Full Citation

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Kenya.2010.‘Management of Recovered/Surrendered Stockpile.’ National Report of Kenya on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York:Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations,1 January. (Q2297)Full Citation

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RECSA / UNODA.2004.‘Nairobi Protocol for the Prevention, Control and Reduction of Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region, the Horn of Africa and Bordering States.’ United Nations Programme of Action Implementation Support System: Regional Organisations.New York:Regional Centre on Small Arms / United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs,21 April. (Q3218)Full Citation

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UNCCPCJ / UNODC.1991.‘Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice.’ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Vienna:United Nations Economic and Social Council / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,1 January. (Q3222)Full Citation

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