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France — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns (both licit and illicit) held by civilians in France is 19,000,0001 2

Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The estimated rate of private gun ownership (both licit and illicit) in France is 31.21 firearms per 100 people

Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, France ranked at No. 53

Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, France ranked at No. 121

Number of Registered Firearms

The number of registered guns in France is reported to be 2,802,0571 2

Rate of Registered Firearms per 100 Population

The rate of registered guns per 100 people in France is 4.444

Government Guns

Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of France are reported to have 1,300,0005 6 firearms

Routine Arming of Police

In France, police officers on routine patrol carry one or more firearms7 8 9

Number of Law Enforcement Firearms

Police in France are reported to have 217,74710 firearms

ImpactsDeath and Injury

Total Number of Gun Deaths

ChartIn France, annual deaths resulting from firearms total

2012: 1,85611 12 13 14
2011: 1,781
2010: 1,731
2009: 1,86111 12 13 14 15
2008: 1,95211 12 13 14
2007: 1,829
2006: 2,039
2005: 2,095
2004: 2,054
2003: 2,203
2002: 2,218
2001: 2,331
2000: 2,465
1999: 2,28416 17 18
1998: 2,96416 17 18 19
1997: 2,85616 17 18

Rate of All Gun Deaths per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of all gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2012: 2.834
2011: 2.73
2010: 2.67
2009: 2.884 15
2008: 3.044
2007: 2.86
2006: 3.21
2005: 3.32
2004: 3.28
2003: 3.54
2002: 3.58
2001: 3.78
2000: 4.02
1999: 3.75
1998: 4.89
1997: 4.73

Homicides (any method)

ChartIn France, annual homicides by any means total

2012: 39111 20 21
2011: 38111 20 21 22
2010: 399
2009: 472
2008: 441
2007: 368
2006: 413
2005: 430
2004: 458
2003: 449
2002: 481
2001: 486
2000: 495
1999: 95320 22 23
1998: 961
1997: 963
1996: 1,171
1995: 1,33622 23

Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn France, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.611 20 21
2011: 0.611 20 21 22
2010: 0.6
2009: 0.8
2008: 0.7
2007: 0.6
2006: 0.7
2005: 0.7
2004: 0.8
2003: 0.7
2002: 0.8
2001: 0.8
2000: 0.8
1999: 1.620 22
1998: 1.6
1997: 1.7
1996: 2.0
1995: 2.322
1994: 1.1224

Gun Homicides

ChartIn France, annual firearm homicides total

2012: 14011
2011: 141
2010: 12511 16
2009: 134
2008: 142
2007: 9611 16 22
2006: 11111 16
2005: 122
2004: 129
2003: 122
2002: 158
2001: 160
2000: 152
1999: 15516
1998: 170
1997: 214

Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of firearm homicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.214
2011: 0.22
2010: 0.194 16
2009: 0.21
2008: 0.22
2007: 0.154 16 22
2006: 0.174 16
2005: 0.19
2004: 0.21
2003: 0.20
2002: 0.25
2001: 0.26
2000: 0.25
1999: 0.2616
1998: 0.29
1997: 0.37
1994: 0.4425

Proportion of Homicides Committed With a Gun

In France, the percentage of homicides committed with a firearm is reported to be

2007: 9.6%22

Handgun Homicides

ChartIn France, annual handgun homicides total

2012: 011
2011: 1
2010: 111 16
2009: 011
2008: 0
2007: 0
2006: 0
2005: 111 16
2004: 011
2003: 211 16
2002: 011
2001: 111 16
2000: 2

Rate of Handgun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of handgun homicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.011
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.011 16
2009: 0.011
2008: 0.0
2007: 0.0
2006: 0.0
2005: 0.011 16
2004: 0.011
2003: 0.0 11 16
2002: 0.011
2001: 0.011 16
2000: 0.0

Long Gun Homicides

ChartIn France, annual long gun homicides total

2012: 1211
2011: 11
2010: 611 16
2009: 6
2008: 7
2007: 5
2006: 5
2005: 9
2004: 7
2003: 11
2002: 11
2001: 9
2000: 11

Rate of Long Gun Homicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of long gun homicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.011
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.0116 11
2009: 0.01
2008: 0.01
2007: 0.01
2006: 0.01
2005: 0.01
2004: 0.01
2003: 0.02
2002: 0.02
2001: 0.02
2000: 0.02

Gun Homicides (Other)

ChartIn France, annual gun homicides (other) total

2012: 12811
2011: 129
2010: 11811 16
2009: 128
2008: 135
2007: 91
2006: 106
2005: 112
2004: 122
2003: 109
2002: 147
2001: 150
2000: 139

Rate of Gun Homicide (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of gun homicide (other) per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.211
2011: 0.2
2010: 0.1916 11
2009: 0.20
2008: 0.22
2007: 0.15
2006: 0.17
2005: 0.19
2004: 0.21
2003: 0.18
2002: 0.24
2001: 0.26
2000: 0.24

Suicides (any method)

ChartIn France, annual suicides by any means total

2012: 9,69512
2011: 10,359
2010: 10,334
2009: 10,46412 26
2008: 10,31612
2007: 10,088
2006: 10,39012 26
2005: 10,67312
2004: 10,762
2003: 10,820
2002: 10,607
2001: 10,408
2000: 10,806
1998: 10,53419

Rate of Suicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn France, the annual rate of suicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2012: 15.312
2011: 16.4
2010: 16.4
2009: 16.712 26
2008: 16.612
2007: 16.3
2006: 16.912 26
2005: 17.412
2004: 17.7
2003: 17.9
2002: 17.7
2001: 17.5
2000: 18.3
1998: 17.5119
1994: 20.7927

Gun Suicides

ChartIn France, annual firearm suicides total

2012: 1,42012
2011: 1,395
2010: 1,37712 17
2009: 1,445
2008: 1,546
2007: 1,403
2006: 1,576
2005: 1,644
2004: 1,601
2003: 1,738
2002: 1,712
2001: 1,883
2000: 2,051
1999: 2,02917
1998: 2,386
1997: 2,556

Rate of Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of firearm suicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 2.164
2011: 2.14
2010: 2.124 17
2009: 2.24
2008: 2.41
2007: 2.20
2006: 2.48
2005: 2.61
2004: 2.55
2003: 2.79
2002: 2.76
2001: 3.06
2000: 3.35
1999: 3.4617
1998: 4.05
1997: 4.36
1994: 5.1428

Handgun Suicides

ChartIn France, annual handgun suicides total

2012: 1612
2011: 16
2010: 1112 17
2009: 16
2008: 16
2007: 12
2006: 13
2005: 17
2004: 10
2003: 8
2002: 14
2001: 16
2000: 21

Rate of Handgun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of handgun suicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.012
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.0217 12
2009: 0.03
2008: 0.03
2007: 0.02
2006: 0.02
2005: 0.03
2004: 0.02
2003: 0.02
2002: 0.02
2001: 0.03
2000: 0.04

Long Gun Suicides

ChartIn France, the number of long gun suicides is

2012: 15912
2011: 130
2010: 11312 17
2009: 97
2008: 95
2007: 108
2006: 111
2005: 124
2004: 116
2003: 153
2002: 150
2001: 161
2000: 203

Rate of Long Gun Suicide per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of long gun suicide per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.312
2011: 0.2
2010: 0.1817 12
2009: 0.16
2008: 0.15
2007: 0.17
2006: 0.18
2005: 0.21
2004: 0.19
2003: 0.25
2002: 0.25
2001: 0.27
2000: 0.34

Gun Suicides (Other)

ChartIn France, annual gun suicides (other) total

2012: 1,24512
2011: 1,249
2010: 1,25312 17
2009: 1,332
2008: 1,435
2007: 1,283
2006: 1,452
2005: 1,503
2004: 1,475
2003: 1,577
2002: 1,548
2001: 1,706
2000: 1,827

Rate of Gun Suicide (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of gun suicide (other) per 100,000 population is

2012: 2.012
2011: 2.0
2010: 1.9917 12
2009: 2.15
2008: 2.31
2007: 2.08
2006: 2.36
2005: 2.48
2004: 2.44
2003: 2.63
2002: 2.60
2001: 2.89
2000: 3.11

Unintentional Gun Deaths

ChartIn France, annual unintentional shooting deaths total

2012: 2413
2011: 70
2010: 3213 18
2009: 29
2008: 39
2007: 32
2006: 53
2005: 36
2004: 19
2003: 26
2002: 19
2001: 33
2000: 44
1999: 10018
1998: 68
1997: 86

Rate of Unintentional Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.044
2011: 0.11
2010: 0.054 18
2009: 0.04
2008: 0.06
2007: 0.05
2006: 0.08
2005: 0.06
2004: 0.03
2003: 0.04
2002: 0.03
2001: 0.05
2000: 0.07
1999: 0.1718
1998: 0.12
1997: 0.15
1994: 0.1129

Unintentional Long Gun Deaths

ChartIn France, annual unintentional shooting deaths by long gun total

2012: 913
2011: 15
2010: 813 18
2009: 12
2008: 13
2007: 8
2006: 13
2005: 20
2004: 8
2003: 23
2002: 13
2001: 25
2000: 26

Rate of Unintentional Long Gun Death per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by long gun per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.013
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.0118 13
2009: 0.02
2008: 0.02
2007: 0.02
2006: 0.02
2005: 0.03
2004: 0.01
2003: 0.04
2002: 0.02
2001: 0.04
2000: 0.04

Unintentional Gun Deaths (Other)

ChartIn France, annual unintentional shooting deaths by firearm (other) total

2012: 1513
2011: 55
2010: 2413 18
2009: 17
2008: 26
2007: 24
2006: 40
2005: 16
2004: 11
2003: 3
2002: 6
2001: 8
2000: 18

Rate of Unintentional Gun Death (Other) per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unintentional shooting death by firearm (other) per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.013
2011: 0.1
2010: 0.0418 13
2009: 0.03
2008: 0.04
2007: 0.04
2006: 0.06
2005: 0.03
2004: 0.02
2003: 0.00
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.01
2000: 0.03

Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn France, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2012: 27214
2011: 175
2010: 19714 30
2009: 253
2008: 225
2007: 298
2006: 299
2005: 293
2004: 305
2003: 317
2002: 329
2001: 255
2000: 218
1998: 34019

Rate of Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unknown-cause shooting deaths per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.414
2011: 0.27
2010: 0.304 30
2009: 0.39
2008: 0.35
2007: 0.47
2006: 0.47
2005: 0.46
2004: 0.49
2003: 0.51
2002: 0.53
2001: 0.41
2000: 0.36
1998: 0.5719
1994: 0.6531

Handgun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn France, annual deaths by handgun in which the cause remains undecided total

2012: 114
2011: 1
2010: 0
2009: 0
2008: 0
2007: 314 30
2006: 014
2005: 0
2004: 0
2003: 114 30
2002: 5
2001: 1
2000: 3

Rate of Handgun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unknown-cause handgun deaths per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.014
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.0
2009: 0.0
2008: 0.0
2007: 0.0030 14
2006: 0.014
2005: 0.0
2004: 0.0
2003: 0.0030 14
2002: 0.01
2001: 0.00
2000: 0.01

Long Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn France, annual deaths by long gun in which the cause remains undecided total

2012: 2414
2011: 14
2010: 1814 30
2009: 23
2008: 10
2007: 29
2006: 28
2005: 28
2004: 32
2003: 33
2002: 33
2001: 27
2000: 19

Rate of Long Gun Death from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unknown-cause long gun deaths per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.014
2011: 0.0
2010: 0.0330 14
2009: 0.04
2008: 0.02
2007: 0.05
2006: 0.05
2005: 0.05
2004: 0.05
2003: 0.05
2002: 0.06
2001: 0.05
2000: 0.03

Gun Deaths (Other) from Undetermined Cause

ChartIn France, annual deaths by firearm (other) in which the cause remains undecided total

2012: 24714
2011: 160
2010: 17914 30
2009: 230
2008: 215
2007: 266
2006: 271
2005: 265
2004: 273
2003: 337
2002: 291
2001: 227
2000: 196

Rate of Gun Death (Other) from Undetermined Cause per 100,000 People

ChartIn France, the annual rate of unknown-cause gun deaths (other) per 100,000 population is

2012: 0.414
2011: 0.3
2010: 0.2830 14
2009: 0.37
2008: 0.35
2007: 0.43
2006: 0.44
2005: 0.43
2004: 0.46
2003: 0.56
2002: 0.49
2001: 0.39
2000: 0.35

ProductionGun Industry

Regulation of Firearm Makers

In France, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

Small Arms Manufacture - World Ranking

In a classification of the world's small, medium and major firearm manufacturers, France was ranked 'medium'44

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

Regulation of Firearm Exports

In France, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

Small Arms Exports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from France is reported by Customs to be US$71,435,16368 (2011)69 70 71

Small Arms Exports - World Ranking

In a comparison of the world's major/mid-level/minor/unknown small arms exporters, France was categorized as 'major'72 73 74

Regulation of Firearm Imports

In France, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law 75 53 54 76 77 78 56 60 61 62 63 64 65

Small Arms Imports (US$) - Customs

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to France is reported by Customs to be US$139,034,02768 (2011)79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in France is moderate87 88 89

Regulation of Arms Brokers

In France, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law32 34 90 91 92 93 94 95

End User Certificates

Customs regulations in France include45 47 96 49 97 98 57 60 99 58 59 78 61 63 65 100 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

Transparency of Small Arms Transfers

ChartIn its annual Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, the Small Arms Survey compares public reporting among major arms exporting nations on a scale from strong to weak (25 to zero). In recent years, France scored

2014: 15.00101
2013: 14.25102
2012: 14.00103
2011: 14.00104
2010: 14.50105
2009: 14.75106
2008: 14.00107
2007: 13.75108
2006: 17.25109
2005: 12.00110
2004: 14.25111

MeasuresGun Regulation

Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in France is categorised as restrictive112

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in France includes the Internal Security Code,113 114 the Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons,115 the Defence Code,116 113 the Order of 2007 on the Creation of the Application for the Management of the Computerized Register of Owners and Holders of Firearms,117 the Decree on Exports of Firearms of 2014,118 the Order of November 15, 2000 on Modalities for Destruction by Gunsmiths of Firearms,119 the Ordinance 2004-1374 of 20 December 2004 concerning the legislative part of the Defence Code that repealed the Decree-Law of 18 April, 1939 on Weapons of War, Firearms and Ammunition,120 the Council Directive of 18 June, 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons,121 122 the European Union Firearms Regulation of 2012, the Common Position on the Control of Arms Brokering of 2003123 and the Convention of 1 July, 1969 on Reciprocal Recognition of Proofmarks on Small Arms124

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in France are regulated by the Ministers of Defence,125 Interior, Industry, Customs,39 and Sports,126 the Prefect,127 National Police, National Gendarmerie,34 and the European Commission122

Right to Possess Firearms

In France, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law128 129

Restricted Firearms and Ammunition

In France, civilians are not allowed to possess weapons of war, certain handguns and long guns, automatic firearms, firearms disguised as other objects, and armour-piercing, incendiary and expanding ammunition130 131 132 133 134

Regulation of Automatic Weapons

In France, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited131 135 136 133 134

Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In France, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is permitted under licence135 137 138 139 134

Regulation of Handguns

In France, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is prohibited with only narrow exemptions131 135 140 133 138 139 134

Law Regulates Long Guns

In France, civilian possession of rifles and shotguns is regulated by law131 135 137 141 138 139 134

Gun Ownership and Possession

In France, only licensed gun owners (for certain arms)142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 77 154 133 138 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Possession

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in France are required to establish a genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example hunting, target shooting, personal protection, security and collection155 156 157 158 159 97 160

Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in France is 18 years (except for sports shooters between 12 and 18 years old)114 157 126 161 160

Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in France must pass a background check which considers criminal, mental health and health142 162 163 158 164 165 166 143 33 160 records

Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In France, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required167 168

Partner to be Advised or Interviewed

In France, licensing authorities are not required167 168 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence

Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in France does not stipulate167 168 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

Firearm Safety Training

In France, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is required, only for persons exposed to serious risks due to their professional activity,158 for a firearm licence

Gun Owner Licensing Period

In France, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every five years169 170 171 172 173 149

Licensing Records

In France, authorities maintain a record117 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 92 of individual civilians licensed to acquire, possess, sell or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in France are permitted to possess a limited number of firearms181 157 156

Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

Licensed firearm owners in France are permitted to possess a limited quantity of ammunition181 182 183 184 185 186

Firearm Registration

Civilian Gun Registration

In France, the law requires117 174 175 176 187 188 92 189 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

Gun Dealer Record Keeping

In France, licensed firearm dealers are required90 38 190 191 192 92 189 to keep a record of each firearm or ammunition purchase, sale or transfer on behalf of a regulating authority

Gun Manufacturer Record Keeping

In France, licensed gun makers are required90 38 191 192 92 43 to keep a record of each firearm produced, for inspection by a regulating authority

State-Owned Firearm Records

In France, State agencies are required193 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In France, the private sale and transfer of firearms is permitted188 194 195 187 196 197 146 147 198 199 139

Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In France, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful35 36 34 37 38 200 172 201 146 147 185 202 179 32 33 199 203 139

Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In France, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined167 168

Regulation of Gun Shows

In France, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are regulated204 205 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in France include42 206 207 208 209 163 158 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in France include42 40 204 163 158 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in France include42 193 210 211 212 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in France include213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

Firearm Marking

In France, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law221 222 41 124 223 43 224 225 226 227

Firearm Tracing

In France, state authorities carry out117 228 226 227 189 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

Carrying Guns

Law Regulates Firearms in Public

In France, carrying a gun in a public place is regulated by law229 230 231 232 233 234 235 140

Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In France, the maximum penalty for unlawful possession of a firearm236 is three years in prison and a fine237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256

Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in France are known to have89 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

Firearms Collected and Seized

ChartIn France, firearms voluntarily surrendered for destruction, collected or seized in routine policing are reported to number

2014: 5,8712 257
2013: 825258
2012: 6,965259 258
2011: 26,591259 260 258
2010: 33,554260
2009: 32,762

Small Arms Destroyed

ChartIn France, the total number of firearms destroyed following recent amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be

2012: 12,532261
2011: 41,105262
2010: 63,017
2009: 68,608

Destruction and Disposal Policy

In France, it is not state policy263 264 265 266 162 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

European Union

As a member of the European Union, France is bound by the provisions of the ‘EU Firearms Directive’ – the 2007 Legislative Resolution on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons of the European Parliament277 278

European Union Export Reporting

Under the European Union Common Position on Arms Exports, France is bound to declare its transfers of military technology and equipment. Independent monitoring provides detailed comparisons of arms export reporting compliance across EU member states, and records that France has submitted one or more national reports279 on its arms transfers

Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development

The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006280 by France.

United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

The United Nations Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified281 by France

United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed282 by France

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, France committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects283

UNPoA Implementation Monitor Score

In its UN small arms Programme of Action Implementation Monitor (PoAIM Phase 1), the Small Arms Survey scored France against its commitments to the PoA, then ranked it at No. 57284 285 286 287 among 159 Member States

UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, France has submitted one or more national reports288 289 on its implementation of the UNPoA

UNPoA National Point of Contact

In France, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated290 289

UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In France, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has not been designated289 290

UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of France submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent289

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been donated289 by France to other UN Member States

United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, France has declared291 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, France has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945292

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies lists293 France as a Participating State

BackgroundCountry Profile

Conflict Profile

For a profile of conflict in France, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University

Global Peace Index

To see where France ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index


Short References

1.

Karp, Aaron.2007.‘Completing the Count: Civilian firearms - Annexe online.’ Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,27 August. (Q5)Full Citation

2.

Maxime Bourdier. 2015. ‘Plan Against Gun Trafficking: Figures to Know About Firearms in France.’ Huffington Post (France). 13 November. (N455) Full Citation

3.

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France.2014.‘Article R. 312-2 - Competent Authority to Issue Authorisations (Autorité compétente pour délivrer des autorisations).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10917)Full Citation

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France.2014.‘Article R. 311-2 - Category B Weapons (Armes de catégorie B).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10912)Full Citation

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France.2014.‘Article R. 312-26 - Authorisations for Film and Show Companies (Autorisations pour entreprises de films ou spectacles).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10967)Full Citation

137.

France.2014.‘Article R. 311-2 - Category C Weapons (Armes de catégorie C).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10913)Full Citation

138.

European Council.1991.‘Article 7.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2411)Full Citation

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European Council.1991.‘Article 8.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2412)Full Citation

140.

France.2014.‘Article R. 315-7 - Authorised Handguns (Armes de poing autorisées).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10947)Full Citation

141.

France.2014.‘Article R. 311-2 - Category D Weapons (Armes de catégorie D).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10914)Full Citation

142.

France.2013.‘Article L. 312-4 - Acquisition and Possession of Firearms of Category B.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10776)Full Citation

143.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-21 - Condition for the Issuance of an Authorisation for Firearms of Category B.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10968)Full Citation

144.

France.2013.‘Article L. 312-4-1 - Acquisition of Firearms of Category C.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10769)Full Citation

145.

France.2013.‘Article L. 312-4-2 - Acquisition and Possession of Firearms of Category D.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10770)Full Citation

146.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-56 - Firearms Declaration/Acquisition (Déclaration des armes à feu/Acquisition).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10924)Full Citation

147.

France.2014.‘Article R. 314-19 - Firearms Declaration/Transfer (Déclaration des armes à feu/Transfert).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10925)Full Citation

148.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-55 - Inherited Firearms (Armes dévolues par voie successorale).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10923)Full Citation

149.

France.2013.‘European Firearm Pass (Carte européenne d'arme à feu).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,30 July. (Q10611)Full Citation

150.

France.2014.‘Common Law on Purchases (Régime de droit commun d'acquisition).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10607)Full Citation

151.

France.2013.‘Authorisation to Purchase for a Resident of a Member State of the European Union (Autorisation d'acquérir pour un résident d'un Etat membre de l'Union européenne).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,30 July. (Q10608)Full Citation

152.

France.2013.‘Purchase in another Member State (Acquisition dans un autre Etat membre).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,30 July. (Q10610)Full Citation

153.

France.2013.‘Trip Between France and Another Member State (Voyage entre la France et un autre Etat membre).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,30 July. (Q10612)Full Citation

154.

European Council.1991.‘Article 4a.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2407)Full Citation

155.

France.2014.‘Articles R. 312-37, -38 - Authorisations for Companies (Autorisations pour entreprises).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10969)Full Citation

156.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-39 - Authorisations for Individuals Exposed to Risks.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10970)Full Citation

157.

France.2014.‘Articles R. 312-40, -41 - Authorisations for the Practice of Sports Shooting.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10971)Full Citation

158.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-5 - Additional Documents for Authorisation Requests (Pièces complémentaires pour les demandes d'autorisation).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10919)Full Citation

159.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-53 - Purchase of Firearms of Categories C and D (Acquisition des armes de catégories C et D).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10977)Full Citation

160.

European Council.1991.‘Article 5.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2409)Full Citation

161.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-1 - Prohibited Acquisition by Minors (Interdiction d'acquisition par les mineurs).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10916)Full Citation

162.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-67 - Specific Prohibitions (Interdictions spécifiques).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10955)Full Citation

163.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-4 - Authorisation Requests (Demandes d'autorisation).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10918)Full Citation

164.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-6 - Medical Certificate (Certificat médical).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10920)Full Citation

165.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-8 - Mental Records (Antécédents mentaux).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10921)Full Citation

166.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-57 - Declaration - Medical Certificate (Déclaration - certificat médical).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10926)Full Citation

167.

France.2013.‘Decree No. 2013-700 (Décret n° 2013-700).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,30 July. (Q10642)Full Citation

168.

France.2015.‘Defence Code (Code de la Défense).’ Defence Code (Code de la Défense).Paris:President of the French Republic,1 September. (Q6016)Full Citation

169.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-13 - Validity of Authorisation (Durée de l'autorisation).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10965)Full Citation

170.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-3 - Authorisation Requests - Authority (Demandes d'autorisations - Autorité compétente).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10959)Full Citation

171.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-11 - Authorisation's Validity (Validité de l'autorisation).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10962)Full Citation

172.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-12 - Validity of an Authorisation to Purchase Firearms.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10964)Full Citation

173.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-14 - Renewal Request (Demande de renouvellement).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10966)Full Citation

174.

France.2013.‘Registration of Firearm Authorisations, Declarations, and Registrations.’ Order of November 15, 2007 on the Creation of the Application for the Management of the Computerized Register of Owners and Holders of Firearms (Act Current to 8 September 2015).Paris:Ministers of the Interior, Overseas France and Territorial Communities, Defence, Budgets, Public Accounts, and Civil Service of the French Republic,2 September. (Q10694)Full Citation

175.

France.2012.‘Registration Data.’ Order of November 15, 2007 on the Creation of the Application for the Management of the Computerized Register of Owners and Holders of Firearms (Act Current to 8 September 2015).Paris:Ministers of the Interior, Overseas France and Territorial Communities, Defence, Budgets, Public Accounts, and Civil Service of the French Republic,28 March. (Q10695)Full Citation

176.

France.2007.‘Time for Retaining Information on Firearm Owners.’ Order of November 15, 2007 on the Creation of the Application for the Management of the Computerized Register of Owners and Holders of Firearms (Act Current to 8 September 2015).Paris:Ministers of the Interior, Overseas France and Territorial Communities, Defence, Budgets, Public Accounts, and Civil Service of the French Republic,15 November. (Q10696)Full Citation

177.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-77 - Records (Fichiers).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10928)Full Citation

178.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-78 - National File of Individuals Prohibited from Purchasing and Possessing Firearms (Fichier national des interdits d'acquisition et de détention d'armes).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10929)Full Citation

179.

France.2014.‘Article R. 313-12 - List of Retail Stores (Liste des commerces de détail).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10932)Full Citation

180.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-43 - Shooting Booklet (Carnet de tir).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10972)Full Citation

181.

France.2013.‘Article L. 312-4-3 - Limited Number of Firearms and Quantity of Ammunition.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10777)Full Citation

182.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-46 - Purchase of Ammunition for Firearms of Category B (Acquisition de munitions des armes de catégorie B).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10974)Full Citation

183.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-47 - Limit on the Purchase of Ammunition (Limitation quant à l'acquisition de munitions).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10975)Full Citation

184.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-49 - Ammunition per Firearm (Munitions par arme).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10976)Full Citation

185.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-45 - Purchase and Possession of Magazines and Ammunition (Acquisition et détention des systèmes d'alimentation et des munitions).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10973)Full Citation

186.

European Council.1991.‘Article 10.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2413)Full Citation

187.

France.2013.‘Article L. 314-2-1 - Transfer of Firearms of Categories C and D Between Individuals.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10771)Full Citation

188.

France.2014.‘Article R. 314-16 - Ownership Transfer of a Firearm by an Individual (Transfert de propriété d'une arme par un particulier).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10960)Full Citation

189.

European Council.1991.‘Article 4.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2406)Full Citation

190.

France.2014.‘Article R. 313-24 - Obligations of a Dealer when Transferring Firearms and Ammunition (Obligations de l'armurier lors de la cession des armes et munitions).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10935)Full Citation

191.

France.2014.‘Gun Dealer Record Keeping (Tenue d'un registre par les commerçants d'armes à feu).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10589)Full Citation

192.

France.2014.‘Prefects in Charge of Special Registers (Préfets en charge des registres spéciaux).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10578)Full Citation

193.

France.2010.‘Stockpile Management and Securing (Gestion et Sécurisation des Stocks).’ National Report of France on its Implementation of the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA).New York, NY:Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations,1 May. (Q4788)Full Citation

194.

France.2013.‘Article L. 314-3 - Transfers of Firearms of Categories A and B Not Intended for Commerce.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10779)Full Citation

195.

France.2013.‘Article L. 314-2 - Transfer of Firearms of Category B, Between Individuals.’ Internal Security Code - Legislative Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie législative).Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q10778)Full Citation

196.

France.2014.‘Article R. 314-20 - Transfer of Ownership Between Individuals (Transfert de propriété entre particuliers).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10979)Full Citation

197.

France.2014.‘Article R. 314-17 - Private Sales (Authority).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10961)Full Citation

198.

France.2014.‘Article R. 314-18 - Purchase of a Replacement Firearm by an Individual.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10934)Full Citation

199.

France.2014.‘Transfer of Firearms of Categories B and C (Transfer d'armes de catégorie B et C).’ Decree No. 2013-700 of 30 July 2013 on the Implementation of the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:Prime Minister of the French Republic,28 January. (Q10652)Full Citation

200.

France.2014.‘Article R. 312-10 - Authorisation to Purchase and Possess Firearms.’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10963)Full Citation

201.

France.2014.‘Article R. 313-8 - Authorisation to Open a Retail Store (Autorisation d'ouverture du commerce de détail).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10931)Full Citation

202.

France.2013.‘Article L. 2332-2 - Retail Trade Premises (Locaux destinés au commerce de détail).’ Defence Code, as Amended by the Act No. 2012-304 of 6 March 2012 on the Establishment of a Modern, Simplified and Preventive Control of Weapons.Paris:President of the French Republic,20 June. (Q6001)Full Citation

203.

European Council.1991.‘Article 4.’ Council Directive of 18 June 1991 on Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Weapons (91/477/EEC) [current to 2008 amendments].Brussels:Council of the European Communities,18 June. (Q2405)Full Citation

204.

France.2014.‘Article R. 313-17 - Fixed and Permanent Premises for Retail Trade (Local fixe et permanent pour le commerce au détail).’ Internal Security Code - Regulatory Part (Code de la sécurité intérieure - Partie réglementaire).Paris:President of the French Republic,27 October. (Q10930)Full Citation

205.

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