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Costa Rica — Gun Facts, Figures and the LawStockpilesGun NumbersCivilian GunsNumber of Privately Owned FirearmsRate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 PopulationNumber of Privately Owned Firearms - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Costa Rica ranked at No. 875 Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World RankingIn a 2007 comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 178 countries, Costa Rica ranked at No. 643 Number of Licensed Firearm OwnersRate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 PopulationNumber of Registered FirearmsRate of Registered Firearms per 100 PopulationEstimated Number of Illicit FirearmsUnlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Costa Rica there are estimated to be 97,0004 Estimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 PopulationUnlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Costa Rica the rate of illicit firearms per 100 people is estimated to be 2.278 ImpactsDeath and InjuryHomicides (any method)ChartIn Costa Rica, annual homicides by any means total 2013: 41119 2012: 40719 20 21 2011: 47419 20 17 2010: 52719 20 17 22 2009: 52520 17 22 23 2008: 512 2007: 369 2006: 351 2005: 335 2004: 280 2003: 300 2002: 258 2001: 257 2000: 249 1999: 24517 1998: 224 1997: 210 1996: 189 1995: 184 Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)ChartIn Costa Rica, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is 2013: 8.7419 2012: 8.7619 20 21 2011: 10.2719 20 17 2010: 11.5519 20 17 22 2009: 11.420 17 22 23 2008: 11.3 2007: 8.3 2006: 8.0 2005: 7.8 2004: 6.6 2003: 7.2 2002: 6.3 2001: 6.4 2000: 6.4 1999: 6.417 1998: 6.0 1997: 5.8 1996: 5.3 1995: 5.3 Gun HomicidesChartIn Costa Rica, annual firearm homicides total 2013: 27819 2012: 26119 20 15 2011: 30019 20 2010: 349 2009: 33620 2008: 348 2007: 225 2006: 21820 17 24 2005: 19617 24 2004: 150 2003: 147 2002: 131 2001: 134 1999: 12617 1998: 118 1997: 108 1996: 95 1995: 87 Rate of Gun Homicide per 100,000 PeopleProportion of Homicides Committed With a GunSuicides (any method)Gun Deaths from Undetermined CauseTransfersGun Trade and TraffickingSmuggling Guns and AmmunitionReports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Costa Rica is moderate7 Regulation of Arms BrokersIn Costa Rica, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law48 MeasuresGun RegulationFirearm Regulation - Guiding PolicyThe regulation of guns in Costa Rica is categorised as restrictive49 Firearm LawGuiding gun control legislation in Costa Rica includes the Arms and Explosives Law No. 7530 of 1995,50 31 its Regulation of 2013,51 the Regulation for the Administration, Use, and Control of Firearms by the Ministry of Public Works and Transport,52 the Agreement No. 180 of 2014 on the Import of Firearms Similar to Prohibited Firearms,53 the Agreement No. 112 of 2015,54 as amended by Agreement No. 122,55 the Circular No. 147 of 2012 on Reducing the Number of Arms Belonging to the State56 and the Directive No. 0 of 201257 Restricted Firearms and AmmunitionIn Costa Rica, civilians are not allowed to possess automatic firearms, machine guns, sub-machine guns, as well as rifles and semi-automatic carbines whose magazine can hold more than ten rounds (except rimfire cartridges), silencers and armour-piercing, tracer, explosive and incendiary ammunition67 68 Regulation of Automatic WeaponsRegulation of Semiautomatic Assault WeaponsRegulation of HandgunsGun Ownership and PossessionIn Costa Rica, only licensed gun owners73 66 74 75 76 30 77 21 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition Genuine Reason Required for Firearm PossessionMinimum Age for Firearm PossessionGun Owner Background ChecksReference Required for Firearm LicenceIn Costa Rica, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required92 Partner to be Advised or InterviewedIn Costa Rica, licensing authorities are not required92 to conduct interviews with, or to advise an applicant's spouse, partner, or next of kin before issuing a gun licence Domestic Violence and FirearmsWhere a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Costa Rica stipulates79 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked Firearm Safety TrainingGun Owner Licensing PeriodIn Costa Rica, gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every year, only for a special licence to carry a firearm for self-defence66 Licensing RecordsLimit on Number of GunsFirearm RegistrationCivilian Gun RegistrationGun Dealer Record KeepingGun Sales and TransfersRegulation of Private Gun SalesRegulation of Dealer Gun SalesBackground Checks for Private Gun SalesThe buyer of a firearm in a private sale in Costa Rica is obliged79 to pass official background checks before taking possession Background Checks for Dealer Gun SalesWaiting Period for Gun PossessionIn Costa Rica, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined92 Regulation of Gun ShowsIn Costa Rica, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated92 in law Storage and Transport of Guns and AmmunitionFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - PrivateFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - DealerFirearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - GovernmentFirearm and Ammunition Transport RegulationsRegulations in Costa Rica include45 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit Marking and Tracing Guns and AmmunitionFirearm MarkingFirearm TracingGun Free ZonesIn Costa Rica, private guns are prohibited in State facilities, public institutions, health and educational institutions, and in demonstrations or public meetings121 Collection, Amnesty and Destruction ProgrammesAuthorities in Costa Rica are known to have125 126 10 127 62 128 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation Firearms Surrendered and SeizedChartIn Costa Rica, the number of firearms voluntarily surrendered, bought back or seized by authorities is reported to be 2015: 1,711129 2014: 1,960 2013: 1,834130 2012: 2,037131 2011: 2,291 2010/14: 38,000132 133 134 9 2010: 2,453135 2009: 3,333136 2006/08: 14,38210 2004: 3,241137 127 2003: 1,002137 2002: 1,047 Small Arms DestroyedMeasuresInternational ControlsRegional AgreementsCentral American Integration SystemAs a member of the Central American Integration System (SICA), Costa Rica is party to the 2007 Central American Programme on Small Arms Control and the Code of Conduct of Central American States on the Transfer of Arms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Material143 Organization of American StatesOn 14 November 1997, as a member of the Organisation of American States (OAS), Costa Rica adopted the Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Explosives, Ammunition and Other Related Materials (CIFTA), a legally binding multilateral treaty of which the OAS is depository. The CIFTA Convention has since been signed and ratified144 145 by Costa Rica Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and DevelopmentThe Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, a diplomatic initiative aimed at addressing the interrelations between armed violence and development, was signed in 2006146 by Costa Rica. United Nations Arms Trade TreatyThe United Nations Arms Trade Treaty has been signed and ratified147 by Costa Rica United Nations Firearms ProtocolThe United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has been signed and ratified148 by Costa Rica United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoAUNPoA CommitmentOn 21 July 2001, Costa Rica committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects149 UNPoA Implementation Monitor ScoreUNPoA National ReportingUNPoA National Point of ContactUNPoA National Coordinating BodyIn Costa Rica, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated156 UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and SupportIn National Reports of Costa Rica submitted to the UN from 2001 to 2010, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities was apparent157 UNPoA International Assistance – DonorFunds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated155 by Costa Rica to other UN Member States UNPoA International Assistance – RecipientFunds for UNPoA implementation have been provided155 to Costa Rica by other UN Member States United Nations Small Arms RegisterAccording to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Costa Rica has not declared158 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports. United Nations MembershipIn the UN List of Member States, Costa Rica has been a Member State of the United Nations since 1945159 Wassenaar ArrangementThe Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list160 Costa Rica as a Participating State BackgroundCountry ProfileConflict ProfileFor a profile of conflict in Costa Rica, select the Link icon to open an external web page from the UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia at Uppsala University Global Peace IndexTo see where Costa Rica ranks, select the Link icon to open an external web page at the Global Peace Index |
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2013.‘Application and Requirements to Obtain a Carrying Permit for Individuals (Solicitud y requisitos para obtener el permiso de portación para personas físicas).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11478)Full Citation
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2013.‘Registration of Firearms and Ammunition Dealers (Inscripción de los establecimientos comerciales para la venta habitual de armas permitidas y su munición).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11483)Full Citation
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2013.‘Fingerprints Register (Registro de huellas dactilares).’ Regulation of the Arms and Explosives Act No. 37985-SP (Reglamento a la Ley de Armas y Explosivos Nº 37985-SP).San José:Presidency of the Republic of Costa Rica,12 September. (Q11571)Full Citation
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