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Burundi — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law

StockpilesGun Numbers

Civilian Guns

Number of Privately Owned Firearms

The estimated total number of guns held by civilians in Burundi is 100,0001 2 3

Rate of Civilian Firearm Possession per 100 Population

The rate of private gun ownership in Burundi is 1.24 5 firearms per 100 people

Number of Privately Owned Firearms - World Ranking

In a comparison of the number of privately owned guns in 178 countries, Burundi ranked at No. 1163

Rate of Privately Owned Firearms per 100 Population - World Ranking

In a comparison of the rate of private gun ownership in 179 countries, Burundi ranked at No. 1455

Number of Licensed Firearm Owners

The number of licensed gun owners in Burundi is reported to be 4,1391 2

Rate of Licensed Firearm Owners per 100 Population

The rate of licensed firearm owners in Burundi is 0.054 per 100 people

Estimated Number of Illicit Firearms

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Burundi there are estimated to be at least 100,00067 8 9

Estimated Rate of Illicit Firearms per 100 Population

Unlawfully held guns cannot be counted, but in Burundi there are estimated to be 1.24 illicit firearms per 100 people

Government Guns

Number of Military Firearms

The defence forces of Burundi are reported to have 95,95010 firearms

ImpactsGun Death and Injury

Number of Homicides (any method)

Rate of Homicide per 100,000 People (any method)

ChartIn Burundi, the annual rate of homicide by any means per 100,000 population is

2006: 2.9011
2005: 1.20
2004: 35.40
2002: 18.00
1998: 9.68

Gun Deaths from Undetermined Cause

In Burundi, annual shooting deaths in which the cause remains undecided total

2008: 1,00012

Number of Non-fatal Gun Injuries

In Burundi, the reported, or estimated annual number of non-fatal firearm injuries is

2008: 1,20012

ProductionGun Industry

Firearm Manufacture

In Burundi, the manufacture of small arms, ammunition and/or their components is permitted only if the maker holds a valid licence, but is not conducted in practice13 14

Home-made Guns

In Burundi the prevalence of illicit craft, or 'home-made' firearm manufacture is reported to be high15 16 17

TransfersGun Trade and Trafficking

Export Control

In Burundi, firearm and ammunition exports are limited by transfer control law 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Small Arms Exports (US$)

The annual value of small arms and ammunition exports from Burundi is reported to be US$68,98325 (2008)

Import Control

In Burundi, firearm and ammunition imports are limited by transfer control law 18 26 19 20 21 27 28 22 23 24

Small Arms Imports (US$)

The annual value of small arms and ammunition imports to Burundi is reported to be US$512,83725 (2009)

Smuggling Guns and Ammunition

Reports suggest that the level of firearm and ammunition smuggling in Burundi is high15 29 30 31 32 33 34

Market Cost of an AK-47 Assault Rifle (US$)

The asking price for an AK-47 pattern assault weapon in Burundi is reported to be US$10035 and less

Regulation of Arms Brokers

In Burundi, the activities of arms brokers and transfer intermediaries are specifically regulated by law36 22

End User Certificates

Customs regulations in Burundi include20 22 certification of the intended end user of any small arms or ammunition transfer, and/or a written declaration of its intended end use

MeasuresGun Regulation

Firearm Regulation - Guiding Policy

The regulation of guns in Burundi is categorised as restrictive37

Firearm Law

Guiding gun control legislation in Burundi is the Law No. 1/14 of 28 August 2009 Governing the System for Small Arms and Light Weapons38 22

Firearm Regulation Authority

Guns in Burundi are regulated by the Ministry responsible for public security functions,22 39 18 40 the Ministry responsible for supervising arms imports to defence and security forces,22 26 the Police and the Armed Forces41 42

Right to Possess Firearms

In Burundi, the right to private gun ownership is not guaranteed by law43 44

Prohibited Firearms and Ammunition

In Burundi, civilians are not allowed to possess firearms other than hunting and repeat action rifles39

Regulation of Automatic Assault Weapons

In Burundi, private possession of fully automatic weapons is prohibited39

Regulation of Semiautomatic Assault Weapons

In Burundi, private possession of semi-automatic assault weapons is prohibited39

Regulation of Handguns

In Burundi, private possession of handguns (pistols and revolvers) is prohibited, with some exceptions for self-defence firearms39 45

Gun Owner Licensing

In Burundi, only licensed gun owners43 39 46 44 47 may lawfully acquire, possess or transfer a firearm or ammunition

Genuine Reason Required for Firearm Licence

Applicants for a gun owner’s licence in Burundi are required to prove genuine reason to possess a firearm, for example for reasons of personal safety, practice of sports shooting and hunting.43 45 48 44

Minimum Age for Firearm Possession

The minimum age for gun ownership in Burundi is 25 years49

Gun Owner Background Checks

An applicant for a firearm licence in Burundi must pass background checks which consider criminal, mental, health and domestic violence49 44 records

Reference Required for Firearm Licence

In Burundi, third party character references for each gun licence applicant are not required50

Domestic Violence and Firearms

Where a past history, or apprehended likelihood of family violence exists, the law in Burundi stipulates49 that a gun licence should be denied or revoked

Firearm Safety Training

In Burundi, an understanding of firearm safety and the law, tested in a theoretical and/or practical training course is not required50 for a firearm licence

Gun Owner Licensing Period

In Burundi gun owners must re-apply and re-qualify for their firearm licence every 3 years48

Limit on Number of Guns

Licensed firearm owners in Burundi are permitted to possess only one gun51

Limit on Quantity, Type of Ammunition

A licensed firearm owner in Burundi is permitted to possess only 40 rounds of ammunition51

Firearm Registration

Civilian Gun Registration

In Burundi, the law requires42 52 that a record of the acquisition, possession and transfer of each privately held firearm be retained in an official register

State-Owned Firearm Records

In Burundi, State agencies are required42 53 54 to maintain records of the storage and movement of all firearms and ammunition under their control

Gun Sales and Transfers

Regulation of Private Gun Sales

In Burundi, the private sale and transfer of firearms is prohibited43 40

Regulation of Dealer Gun Sales

In Burundi, dealing in firearms by way of business without a valid gun dealer’s licence is unlawful40 55 56

Waiting Period for Gun Possession

In Burundi, the minimum wait for a lawful firearm purchase to be completed is undetermined50

Regulation of Gun Shows

In Burundi, gun shows and temporary firearm dealing events are not regulated50 in law

Storage and Transport of Guns and Ammunition

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Private

Firearm regulations in Burundi do not include50 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of private firearms and ammunition by licensed gun owners

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Dealer

Firearm regulations in Burundi do not include50 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by licensed arms dealers

Firearm and Ammunition Storage Regulations - Government

Government regulations in Burundi include57 54 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition by state entities

Firearm and Ammunition Transport Regulations

Regulations in Burundi do not include58 59 23 24 written specifications for the lawful safe storage of firearms and ammunition while in transit

Marking and Tracing Guns and Ammunition

Firearm Marking

In Burundi, a unique identifying mark on each firearm is required by law27 60 52 61

Firearm Tracing

In Burundi, state authorities carry out61 27 recognised arms tracing and tracking procedures

Carrying Guns

Carrying Guns Openly in Public

In Burundi, carrying a firearm in plain view in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit45 46 48

Carrying Hidden Handguns in Public

In Burundi, carrying a concealed firearm in a public place is allowed, subject to a valid permit45 46 48

Penalty for Illicit Firearm Possession

In Burundi, the maximum penalty for illicit possession of firearms is 10 years imprsonment and a fine62

Collection, Amnesty and Destruction Programmes

Authorities in Burundi are known to have63 57 64 65 implemented voluntary firearm surrender schemes, and/or weapon seizure programmes in order to reduce the number of illicit firearms in circulation

Surrendered in Gun Amnesty

In Burundi, the number of firearms and/or rounds of ammunition voluntarily surrendered for destruction in recent arms amnesty and collection programmes is reported to be 5,40466 (2004), 5,72967 68 (2006), 10,000969 70 (2008-09)

Small Arms Destroyed

In Burundi, the total number of firearms destroyed following recent amnesty, collection and seizure programmes is reported to be 311 (2005), 1,660 (2006),71 7,00057 (2008-09)69 70

Destruction and Disposal Policy

In Burundi, it is state policy53 57 to destroy surplus, collected and seized firearms rather than return them to the secondary arms market

MeasuresInternational Controls

Regional Agreements

African Union

In June 2006, as a member of the African Union, Burundi adopted an African Common Position to take to the Conference to Review the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (UNPoA), held in June 200672

Regional Centre on Small Arms

In March 2000, as a member of the Regional Centre on Small Arms (RECSA), Burundi adopted the Nairobi Declaration on the Problem of Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region and the Horn of Africa, then on 21 April 2004 adopted the Nairobi Protocol for the Prevention, Control and Reduction of Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region, the Horn of Africa and Bordering States, a legally-binding multilateral protocol of which the RECSA is depository. The Nairobi Protocol has since been signed, and ratified73 74 by Burundi

United Nations Standing Advisory Committee on Security Questions in Central Africa

In November 2010, as a member of the United Nations Standing Advisory Committee on Security Questions in Central Africa (UNSAC), Burundi adopted the Central Africa Convention for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition, Parts and Components that can be used for their Manufacture, Repair and Assembly, known as the ‘Kinshasa Convention. A legally binding multilateral treaty for which UNSAC is depository, the Kinshasa Convention currently awaits signature, then ratification75 76 77 by Burundi

United Nations Arms Trade Treaty

In 2009, Burundi voted to begin78 negotiations towards a legally binding Arms Trade Treaty. In this vote, 151 UN Member States supported talks on an ATT, with 1 voting against, 20 abstentions, and 20 non-votes

United Nations Firearms Protocol

The United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition has not been signed79 by Burundi

United Nations Small Arms Programme of Action UNPoA

UNPoA Commitment

On 21 July 2001, Burundi committed to a consensus decision of the United Nations to adopt, support and implement the UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects80

UNPoA National Reporting

Under the terms of its 2001 commitment to the United Nations small arms Programme of Action, Burundi has submitted one or more national reports81 82 on its implementation of the UNPoA

UNPoA National Point of Contact

In Burundi, a National Point of Contact to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated83 82

UNPoA National Coordinating Body

In Burundi, a National Coordinating Body to deal with issues relating to the UNPoA has been designated83 82

UNPoA Civil Society Involvement and Support

In National Reports of Burundi submitted to the UN, a history of substantive cooperation with civil society in support of UNPoA activities is apparent83 82

UNPoA International Assistance – Donor

Funds for UNPoA implementation have not been donated82 by Burundi to other UN Member States

UNPoA International Assistance – Recipient

Funds for UNPoA implementation have been provided82 to Burundi by other UN Member States

United Nations Small Arms Register

According to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, Burundi has not declared84 its small arms exports in one or more annual National Reports on Arms Exports.

United Nations Membership

In the UN List of Member States, Burundi has been a Member State of the United Nations since 196285

Wassenaar Arrangement

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls and Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies does not list86 Burundi as a Participating State


Last Updated on 24 January 2012

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 24.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4090)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 38.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4097)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 15.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4085)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 5.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4079)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 9.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4082)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 18.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4094)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 10.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4083)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 11.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4084)Full Citation

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Burundi.2009.‘Article 1.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4313)Full Citation

51.

Burundi.2009.‘Article 8.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4081)Full Citation

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Victor Karega. 2010. ‘Centre to Procure Software.’ Citizen (Dar es Salaam). 3 July. (N221) Full Citation

53.

Burundi.2009.‘Articles 54, 55, 56.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4103)Full Citation

54.

Burundi.2009.‘Article 52.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4102)Full Citation

55.

Burundi.2009.‘Article 31.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4093)Full Citation

56.

Burundi.2009.‘Article 32.’ Act No 1/14 of 28 August 2009 on Small Arms and Light Weapons (Loi No 1/14 du 28 Août 2009 portant Régime des Armes Légères et Petits Calibres).Bujumbura:Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Burundi,28 August. (Q4095)Full Citation

57.

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